This was an observational study as the investigators obsereved the effect of proximity on the interference of competition between two ants species. The data that was used were gathered from the earlier studies as well as the research conducted by the various researchers of the particular institute. They had mapped and censused the data since the summer of 1985 for the ant population Pogonomyrmex (each of the colony was labelled individually, and located using coordinates from a fixed origin, using a fixed infrared theodolite. ), and since 1997 they had mapped and censused every Aphaenogaster member on the particular site(aggression test was performed). They studied the nesting pattern. The age of the colony was percieved by the mating pattern of the ants. By the cooperation among the habitants they found whether the ants belonged to same colony or the other. They saw that there was a significant effect of distance among the colonies,between teo different species and also among the same species. Solution This was an observational study as the investigators obsereved the effect of proximity on the interference of competition between two ants species. The data that was used were gathered from the earlier studies as well as the research conducted by the various researchers of the particular institute. They had mapped and censused the data since the summer of 1985 for the ant population Pogonomyrmex (each of the colony was labelled individually, and located using coordinates from a fixed origin, using a fixed infrared theodolite. ), and since 1997 they had mapped and censused every Aphaenogaster member on the particular site(aggression test was performed). They studied the nesting pattern. The age of the colony was percieved by the mating pattern of the ants. By the cooperation among the habitants they found whether the ants belonged to same colony or the other. They saw that there was a significant effect of distance among the colonies,between teo different species and also among the same species..

1. This was an observational study as the investigators obsereved the effect of proximity on the
interference of competition between two ants species.
The data that was used were gathered from the earlier studies as well as the research conducted
by the various researchers of the particular institute. They had mapped and censused the data
since the summer of 1985 for the ant population Pogonomyrmex (each of the colony was
labelled individually, and located using coordinates from a fixed origin, using a fixed infrared
theodolite. ), and since 1997 they had mapped and censused every Aphaenogaster member on the
particular site(aggression test was performed).
They studied the nesting pattern.
The age of the colony was percieved by the mating pattern of the ants.
By the cooperation among the habitants they found whether the ants belonged to same colony or
the other.
They saw that there was a significant effect of distance among the colonies,between teo different
species and also among the same species.
Solution
This was an observational study as the investigators obsereved the effect of proximity on the
interference of competition between two ants species.
The data that was used were gathered from the earlier studies as well as the research conducted
by the various researchers of the particular institute. They had mapped and censused the data
since the summer of 1985 for the ant population Pogonomyrmex (each of the colony was
labelled individually, and located using coordinates from a fixed origin, using a fixed infrared
theodolite. ), and since 1997 they had mapped and censused every Aphaenogaster member on the
particular site(aggression test was performed).
They studied the nesting pattern.
The age of the colony was percieved by the mating pattern of the ants.
By the cooperation among the habitants they found whether the ants belonged to same colony or
the other.
They saw that there was a significant effect of distance among the colonies,between teo different
species and also among the same species.