413889758-Contemporary-World-a-World-of-Regions.pptx

1. Contemporary World: A WORLD OF REGIONS
ASEAN
 Philippines is part
Asia therefore we
ASEAN
1
of South-East
are part of
REGIONALISM
 Political
phenomenon
and economic
 Can be examined in relation to
identities, ethics, religion,
ecological sustainability, and health
 A process that is “emergent,
socially constituted phenomenon”
 Regions are not natural or
given, rather they are
constructed and defined
 Orientalism – Racism by classifying
Countries of…
 North –
(Wealthy)
Developed, Colonizer
 South –
(Poor)
Note:
Developing, Colonized
- Division has something to do with
climate change
- It started during the cold war
BEFORE THE WORLD WAS DIVIDED
INTO THREE:
 1st World
 US/Allies
 Democratic or Capitalism
 2nd World
 Russia/China
 Communist
 3rd World
 Non-aligned (NAM)
Note:
- 1st and 2nd was part of the North
division
- 3rd was part of the south division
COUNTRIES, REGIO N S, A N D
GLOBALIZATION
 Edward Mansfield and Helen Miller
 Regions are…
 a group of countries
located in the same
geographically specified
area
 an amalgamation of two
regions or a combination of
more than two regions
 …organized to regulate and
oversee flows and policy choices
 Regionalization VS Regionalism
 Regionalization – Regional
concentration of economic
flows
 Regionalism – Political
process characterized by
policy
and
among
economic
cooperation
coordination
countries
H OW COUTRIES RESPO N D TO
GLOBALIZATION
 Large countries have a lot of
resources to dictate how they
participate in processes of global
integration
 Small countries take advantage of
their strategic location
 Most countries form regional
alliances
W HY DO CO UN TRIES FO RM
REGIONAL ASSOCIATIONS?
 Military Defense
 North Atlantic
Organization –
Western
Treaty
Several
European
countries plus US agreed to
protect Europe against
Soviet Region (NATO)
 Warsaw Pact – Response of
Soviet Region to NATO.
This consisted of the
Eastern European countries
under Soviet domination.
However, it was imploded
in December 1991.

2. 2
 Trading
Countries – was established
on 1960 by Iran, Iraq,
Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, and
Venezuela to regulate the
production and sale of oil
(OPEC)
 Protect Independence
 Non-Aligned Movement –
was established in 1961 by
the presidents of Egypt,
Ghana, India, Indonesia,
and Yugoslavia to pursue
world peace, international
cooperation, human rights,
national sovereignty, racial
and national equality, non-
intervention, and peaceful
conflict resolution. It had
120 member countries at its
peak (NAM)
 Economic Crisis
 When the Thai economy
collapsed in 1996, ASEAN
along with China, Japan,
and South Korea agreed to
establish an emergency
fund to anticipate a crisis
that the Asian economies
stabilized
N O N -STATE REGIO N ALISM
 “New Regionalism”
 Tiny association focused on
a single problem or huge
unions that address a broad
set of common problems
 What do they do?
 Rely on the power of
individuals, NGOs, and
associations to link up with
one another in pursuit of a
particular goal/s
 Reformists who share the
same values, norms,
Contemporary World: A WORLD OF REGIONS
institutions, and system that
 Organization of the exist outside of the
Petroleum Exporting traditional established
mainstream institutions and
systems
 Some organizations
partners with governments
to initiate social change
(Legitimizers)
 Other organizations
dedicate themselves to
specialized causes
 Power lies in their moral
standing and their ability to
combine lobbying with
pressure politics
 Challenges: Poorly
financed, discord
CONTEMPORARY CHALLENGES
 Resurgence of militant nationalism
and populism
 Financial crisis
 Disagreements on sovereignty vs.
stability
 Differing visions of what regionalism
should be