This document discusses learning styles and strategies. It defines learning styles as habitual patterns of perceiving and processing information, while learning strategies are specific actions or techniques used to learn. Learning styles are divided into three categories: sensory preferences relating to visual, auditory and motor learning; cognitive styles which are individual ways of processing information; and learner profiles which provide information about a student's skills, interests, experiences and preferred way of learning. The document provides examples of different models of cognitive styles and components of learner profiles.

1. LEARNING STYLES
AND STRATEGY
Presented by: Fauziah Sudra and Sipa Sapira

2. Definition of Learning Styles and
Learning Strategies
Learning styles are habitual patterns of
perceiving, processing, or reacting to
information.
Learning strategies are the specific are
the specific actions one takes and/or
techniques one uses in order to learn.

3. Kinds of Learning styles
Divided into the
following categories:
1.Sensory Preference
2.Cognitive styles
3.Learner Profiles

4. 1. Sensory Preferences
Refer to the channels through which we
perceive information which consist of visual,
auditory, and motor modalities, as a minimum.
 Visual learning (which ideas, concepts, data and
other information are associated with images and
techniques).
 Auditory learning (which a person learn
through listening)
 Motor learning (sometimes called
kinesthetic learning).

5. 2. Cognitive styles
Refer to individualized ways of
processing of information. Many models of
cognitive styles have been proposed.
 The E&L Construct (selected a variety of
cognitive style scales, most of them from
the research and model mentioned in the
above section, that were informative to
them in their work with student.)

6. a. Analogue-Digital scale (analogue learners
and digital learners)
b. Concrete-Abstract scale (concrete learners
and abstract learners)
c. Field Independent-Field Dependent Scale
(field independence and field dependence)
d. Field sensitive-filed insensitive scale (field
sensitive learners and insentive learners)
e. Global-particular scale (it refers to the
learners breadth of focus)

7. f. Impulsive-reflective scale (impulsive
learners and reflective learner)
g. Inductive-deductive scale (inductive
learners and deductive learners)
h. Leveling-sharpening scale (process that
occurs when one retells a story)
i. Random-Sequential scale (random learners
and sequential learners)
j. Synthetic-analytic scale (synthetic assamble
and analyzers disassemble)

8. 3. Learner Profile
A learner profile is a document project, or even
conversation that helps teachers learn more about their
students. Learner profiles may include information
such as:
• Skills, strengths, and interest
• Aspirations and passions
• Likes and dislikes
• Life experiences
• How the student likes to learn
• Struggles or potential barriers to learning
• Anything else the student or teacher deems
important

9. Conclusion
Kinds of learning style divided into the
following categories:
1. Sensory Preference
2. Cognitive styles
3. Learner Profiles

10. References
Leaver, Betty Loum Madeline Ehrman, Boris Shekhtman. 2005. Achieving Success
in Second Language Acquisition. New York: Cambridge University
https://www.theedadvocate.org/heres-everything-need-know-learner-profiles