Smartgrid Technology Selection for Islands in Indonesia Dr. Ir. Andhika Prastawa, MSEE., Kabid EBT PJCI (Smart Grid Initiatives Indonesia) (represented by Mr. Hamzah Hilal, Chairman of the Board of Trustee PJCI) Presented at The 6th Indo EBTKE ConEx 2017 in conjuction with Bali Clean Energy Forum 2017 Balai Kartini, Jakarta, 13th September 2017

1. 13 September 2017
Smartgrid Technology Selec9on for Islands
in Indonesia
Dr. Andhika Prastawa

2. CHALLENGE THE NATIONAL ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS
WHY SHOULD THE SMART GRID
SMARTGRID TECHNOLOGY SELECTION
SMART GRID PROGRAM IN ISLANDS
OUTLINE
CONCLUSION

3. 1. CHALLENGE THE NATIONAL ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS
3 3

4. CHALLENGE
THE NATIONAL
ELECTRICAL
SYSTEMS
As a basic infrastructure, the availability of electricity has been a major
community needs.
The state is obliged to fulfill the needs of the society without excepLon.
ConLnental type of electrificaLon expansion all over the country would
not appropriate, as the island topographic dominates the naLon
Electricity is the main suppor+ng pillar in all aspects of development.
Hence the success of development depends on the availability and quality
of electricity.
The condiLon of the naLonal
electricity system is sLll a
concern, in terms of quality,
even from electrificaLon
raLo.

5. CHALLENGE
THE NATIONAL
ELECTRICAL
SYSTEMS
It is esLmated that in the next few years the electrical system is required to
respond to new technology challenges, such as electric vehicles, large-
capacity baOery, intelligent devices (smart appliances), DC systems, etc.
It is needed to Modernize the naLonal electricity system with smartgrid
and microgrid vision with carefully planned and executed to maximize the
potenLal of the naLon with the aim of meeLng the electricity needs of
Indonesian society in the future.

6. Geographics of Service Areas
Interconnected Systems
Ø Two of main islands have own interconnected systems
Ø The rests are:
ü Clusters of service areas with main grids, including remote off-grid distributed systems (Kalimantan,
Sulawesi, Papua)
ü Small islands: clusters of distribuLon grids mainly of diesel systems, off-grid distributed systems

7. 2. WHY SHOULD THE SMART GRID
7 7

8. WHY SHOULD THE SMART GRID?
q ApplicaLon of smart grid will provide benefits in acceleraLng the adopLon of smart energy
technologies, such as the percentage increase in the penetraLon of renewable energy into
the network and the use of electric vehicles
q Smart grid can be a promoLonal event for new technologies to speed up the maturaLon
process that starts from the research, development, demonstraLon and uLlizaLon (RDD & U)
with feed in tariff (FIT) scheme, as well as a variety of incenLves and other policies
q The existence of two-way informaLon flow in a smart grid allowing adjustment of the power
needs of consumers with electricity supply provided thus increasing the potenLal for
significant savings, improve the reliability of power supply and power quality so that the
producLvity and compeLLveness of the naLon also increased.
Based on Book II, RPJMN 2015-2019, BPPT
as LPNK RistekdikL got a mandate to
provide smart grid technology
deployment recommendaLons to
improve the reliability and efficiency of
the naLonal electricity system

9. Mo9va9on for a Smart Grid
Ø Smart Grid is a concept and vision that captures a
range of advanced informa9on, sensing,
communica9ons, control, and energy technologies.
Ø Taken together, these result in an electric power
system that can intelligently integrate the ac9ons
of all connected users—from power generators to
electricity consumers to those that both produce
and consume electricity (“prosumers”)—to
efficiently deliver sustainable, economic, and
secure electricity supplies.
Source: DefiniLon adapted from the European
Technology Plaform Smart Grid (ETPSG).
Desire to make the Grid smarter, safer, reliable and more cost-effecive using
advanced sensors, communica9on technologies and distributed compu:ng.
What is a Smart Grid?
Source: Altalink, Alberta, Canada

10. Smart Grid Challenges
Ø Technical Challenges: Ensuring power system reliability as uncertainty and
variability increase with a higher penetra9on of RE genera9on.
ü Managing variability and uncertainty during the con9nuous balancing of the system,
and
ü Balancing supply and demand during genera9on scarcity and surplus situa9ons.
Ø Economic, Policy, and Regulatory Challenges: Effec9vely managing the
cost of RE integra9on and the grid investments that support it, designing
policies to harness maximum value from RE, and ensuring that
appropriate incen9ves are in place to encourage appropriate grid
investments.
ü Grid upgrade costs allocated to RE project developers,
ü Energy curtailment when full RE produc9on cannot be readily integrated into the power
system.

11. 3. SMARTGRID TECHNOLOGY SELECTION
11 11

12. 3. Smartgrid Technology Scenario
12 12
1. Although there is no standard global definiLon yet, the Smart Electricity Grids domain
covers a wide range of technology soluLons related to generaLon, delivery and usage of
energy.
2. Some examples are the emerging applicaLons in electricity storage, the automaLon and
control technologies for electricity transmission and distribuLon systems, as well all the
systems and services that enable more efficient grid operaLons.

13. Smart Grid Technology Selec9on
13 13
Choosing which smart grid technologies to use is a system-specific
decision, requiring a detailed look at the current state of an electric system
as well as projecLons of its possible future states. However, some general
recommendaLons can be made:
Ø When grid upgrades are required, whether to accommodate RE or for
other reasons, it is typically much more cost-efecLve to include smart
grid technologies than to use only convenLonal technology. It is of
course important to choose specific smart grid technologies wisely.
Ø Although each electricity system differs depending on the mix of energy
sources and geographical demand profiles, we consider three different
levels of renewables penetraLon in electricity systems.

14. Smart Grid Technology Selec9on (cont)
14 14
Ø The three levels are defined in terms of the grid modificaLons necessary to
accommodate non-dispatchable renewables, rather than in terms of absolute
percentage.
ü Low levels of renewables, with capacity penetraLon not exceeding 15% (on any
secLon of the grid), are generally feasible without any smart grid technologies.
ü At medium levels of renewables penetraLon, typically between 15% and 30%, smart
grid technologies will become increasingly important.
ü Capacity penetraLon levels above 30% are considered high for renewables and
usually require the use of smart grid technologies to ensure reliable grid operaLon.
Ø As illustrated in below, these low, medium, and high penetraLon ranges overlap signifi
cantly because they vary by locaLon.
Approximate ranges of RE
penetraLon

15. Smart Grid Technology Selec9on
15 15
Choosing which smart grid technologies to use is a system-specific decision, requiring a
detailed look at the current state of an electric system as well as projecLons of its
possible future states. However, some general recommendaLons can be made
Visions of the electricity system. Present and future flows

16. Smart grid technology determina9on procedure
Ø Build a load curve of a network of a locaLon or
area
Ø IdenLfy the type of power plant that serves
the load on the network
Ø IdenLfy the Renewable Energy (RE) available
at that locaLon or area
Ø Define RE contribuLon and type of RE
technology to be used?
Ø Create an algorithm of power system
operaLon.
Ø IdenLfy the availability of data communicaLon
technology in the locaLon.

17. 4. SMART GRID PROGRAM IN ISLANDS
17 17

18. The Purpose of Smart Grid Program
To demonstrate that:
Ø IntermiOent renewable energy could be penetrated more
into a grid
Ø Smart grid as a method to enhance supply reliability
Ø Smart grid could enhance the power quality and
sustainability of regional power systems through opLmizing
uLlizaLon of local energy rosources to provide for local
electricity needs.

19. Smart Micro Grid in Sumba Island
Ø The total of hybrid power (green line) is
maintained, approximately 150-160 kW.
Ø 3 PV inverter unit switched on one by one un9l
about 55 kW (black line)
Ø As the rising supply of PV into the grid, then
loadsharing controller automa9cally lowers the
output generator 1 (red line) and generator 2
(purple line).
Ø As a result, the total hybrid power of 150-160 kW
is fixed, and the frequency of the grid (blue line)
remains rela9vely stable in the range of 50 Hz.

20. Smart Micro Grid in Sumba Island (under installa9on)
1. Sedang dilakukan instalasi
teknologi Energi Management
System (EMS) dengan tujuan
utama agar sistem smart mcro
grid Sumba dapat mentransfer
daya kejaringan dengan
konstan dan tidak menganggu
kestabilan jaringan.
2. Sistem ini juga menggunakan
baterai sebagai kompensator
fluktuasi PV sekaligus juga
sebagai buffer.
3. Kegiatan ini dilakukan secara
bekerjasama dengan Kyudenco,
Jepang.

21. Smart Grid Technology in Hybrid Power
Systems in Nusa Penida, Bali
LOAD SHARING CONTROL
LINES
P
L
C
POW
ER
MET
ER
POW
ER
MET
ER
POW
ER
MET
ER
POW
ER
MET
ER
WIFI ACCESS
POINT
HUB
WIFI
ACCE
SS
POIN
T
HUB
OPERATI
NG
PANEL
Solar PV #1
Diesel Engine Power
Plant WIFI BRIDGE
CONFIGURATIO
N
WIFI Repeater in
WTG #8
POW
ER
MET
ER
WIFI ACCESS
POINT
WTG #9
SCAD
A PC

22. Configura9on of the grid-connected Micro Grid System for Pramuka
Island (Planning)

23. Ø Small scale generaLng system with various smart grid technology features has
been introduced in various small islands in Indonesia.
Ø The use of smart grid technology in the islands of Indonesia can be done by
choosing the appropriate capacity and technology of renewable energy
generaLon.
Ø Modernize the electrical system with the vision of smart grid is a necessity
before implemenLng smart gfrid technology.
Ø ConstrucLon of the electrical system in the future must be directed to the
integraLon of electrical systems and ICT
Ø To accelerate the implementaLon of smart grid technology, BPPT office always
invite the parLes to cooperate in the development of the naLonal electricity
with smart grid vision.
CONCLUSION

24. Thank you
www.bppt.go.id