Lesson in Philippine Politics and Governance

1. INTRODUCTORY
ACTIVITY
FREEDOM WALL

2. The teacher will instruct the students to write on the
board a word that they can associated with: P O W E R.
The word must be starting with the letter P, O, W, E, and
R.

3. P O W E R

4. P O W E R
• defined as strength, force, might, the ability
to do or act, authority, control, influence,
right, etc. (p.1633 Vol. 2 The World Book
dictionary)
• the ability of any one to make other people do
as he wants them to for whatever reason

5. P O W E R
• In social science and politics, power is the
ability to influence or control the behavior of
the people.

6. Scholars …
KINDS OF
POWERS
Power over Power to Power with

7. Scholars …
• Power over – ability to dominate other person
or group
• Power to – ability to do something on one’s
own --- it refers to abilities.
• Power with – ability to work with others

8. Kenneth boulding
FORMS OF
POWERS
Threat Power Exchange Power Love

9. Forms of power
• Threat Power – equivalent to power over
• Exchange Power – is the power of negotiation;
a form of power with
• Love – when people love each other, they do
things to help the other person

10. Integrative system
Love
Bonds,
respect,
legitimacy
Social
Groups

11. NATURE OF POWER
Why society needs it?

12. • the potential ability of an actor or actors to
select, to change, and to attain the goals of
the social system within which they operate
• Power is not an attribute of a single actor
because an individual actor can be considered
powerful only in terms of the social structure
that he is operating within.

13. dimensions OF POWER
What about its scope?

14. Dimensions
Power
Potentiality
Time Lag
Reciprocal
Relationship
Indirect
Influence
Scope of
Power
Power
Legitimacy

15. Power
potentiality
• It causes alteration in the
behavior of the people.

16. Time lag
• There must be a lag in time
from the actions of the
powerful actor to the
responses of the
subordinate actor(s).

17. Reciprocal
relationship
• A power relationship is
often considered to be an
asymmetrical interpersonal
influence relationship

18. Indirect influence
• Indirect influence is
indicative in the situation
where one actor influences
a second, third, and fourth
actor through an
intermediary

19. Scope of power
• An actor's power does not
affect all other actors in
precisely the same manner.
An actor has more power
over certain actors than he
does over others

20. Power legitimacy
• Power has a certain degree
of legitimacy associated
with it, yet it is quite
different from what is
implied by 'status' or
'prestige' and 'authority'.

21. TYPEs OF POWER
What about its variety?

22. Coercive power
• associated with people
who are in a position to
punish others

23. Connection
power
• based upon who you know. The
person with connection power
knows and has the ear of other
powerful people within the
organization. As a consequence of
that connection, the leader is seen
as being able to get things done or
use the power of their connections.

24. expert power
• This is commonly a person with
an acclaimed skill or
accomplishment. Leaders who
are high in expert power are
able to influence others because
of their acknowledged skill or
experience in a particular area
or subject.

25. information
power
• people who withhold
information to make
themselves more powerful
or influential.

26. legitimate power
• comes from the position a
person holds. This is
related to a person’s title
and job responsibilities.
You might also hear this
referred to as positional
power

27. referent power
• People who are well-liked
and respected can have
referent power. There are
people we know, regardless
of their position, who are
able to ask for things and get
them because they are
popular and well-liked.

28. reward power
• based upon a person’s
ability to bestow rewards.
Those rewards might come
in the form of job
assignments, schedules,
pay or benefits.

29. CONSEQUENCE
S OF POWER

30. YUKL
(1989)
COMPLIANCE
COMMITMENT
RESISTANCE

31. COMPLIA
NCE
Readiness or act on
agreeing to do
something.
The two types of power
most likely to cause
compliance are
legitimate power and
reward power.

32. COMMITMENT
is an even more desirable outcome
because of the trust and emotional
pledge that it causes. It is
perceived as loyalty or a sense of
dedication or devotion.
Commitment is most likely to be
the consequence when the powers
used are referent and expert

33. RESISTANCE
means to refuse or to oppose. It is the most likely
outcome when coercive power is used in a hostile or
manipulative way.