1. ONGC
INTRODUCTION
Oil & Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC) is the premier company in the
Indian upstream of Petroleum Sector.
Born in 1956. ONGC was public in 1994.
Its produces 77 percent of India’s domestic petroleum and 81 percent of its
natural gas.
HISTORY
During pre- independence period the Assam Oil Company and Attock Oil company
was the only oil company in India.
After independence, the national Government realized the importance oil and gas
for rapid industrial development.
Assam Oil Company was producing oil at Digboi (discovered in 1889)
Oil India Ltd is a 50% joint venture between Government of India and Burma Oil
Company.
In West Bengal, the Indo-Stanvac Petroleum project is a joint venture between
Government of India and Standard Vacuum Oil Company of USA.
In 1955, Oil and Natural Gas Directorate was set up which was later converted to
Oil and Natural Gas Commission in 1956 August..
Oil and Natural Gas Commission was later change to Oil and Natural Gas
Corporation in 1994.
In 1958, ONGC found a oil-well in Cambay now Khambhat which was a first well
owned by Government of India only.

2. ONGC went offshore in early 70's and discovered a giant oil field in the form of
Bombay High, now known as Mumbai High.
Global Ranking
ONGC ranks 3rd Oil & Gas Exploration & Production (E&P) Company in the world
and 23rd among leading global energy majors as per Platts 250 Global Energy
Companies List for the year 2009
ONGC ranks 24th among the Global publicly-listed Energy companies as per ‘PFC
Energy 50” (Jan 2008)
Finance Asia 100 list ranks ONGC no 1 among Indian Blue Chips.
Occupies 155th rank in “Forbes Global 2000” list 2010 of the world’s biggest
companies for 2010 based on sales, profits, assets and market capitalization.
ONGC ranked 402nd position as per Fortune Global 500 - 2009 list;, based on
revenues, profits, assets and shareholder’s equity.
Corporate Social Responsibility OF ONGC
CSR is about how companies manage the business processes to produce an
overall positive impact on society.
There are four aspects of CSR
1) Work Place:
• Providing a safe and healthy work environment
• Adopting fair labor polices
2) Environment:
• Protecting the environment

3. 3) Market Place:
• Being truthful in advertising
• Avoiding price discrimination
4) Social Welfare:
• Donating to charity
CORPORATE LEVEL:
ONGC’ s CSR programs at the corporate level focused on disaster relief
management and water management projects.
When a heavy cyclone hit the eastern state of Orissa in 1999,ONGC
provided immediate relief like food , drinking -water, medicine, clothing
etc.
SOCIETY:
ONGC was involved various community development programs in India.
In 1983 ONGC formulated its Environment Policy for protecting
Environment.
For improving the safety, health, and environment standard ONGC set up
the Institute of Petroleum Safety, Health and Environment management in
1989.

4. ISSUES/ PROBLEMS AREA:
In 1994, the Nagaland government asked the Oil and Natural Gas Corporation
(ongc) to shut shop in the state. Because the state government claims to have
resolved old issues but local people and militant groups dispute that. They have
also raised the issue of pollution from oil wells.
ONGC Company has been facing hurdles in its efforts to invite global bids for high
tech drilling operations as the local industry has been obstructing the induction of
foreign technology.
The jack-up drilling rig Transocean Nordic, which was slated to be re-deployed
from Bengal offshore to the Mahanadi basin, got one of its legs stuck under the
sea bed. The loss is estimated at $74,000 per day only on the hiring charges of the
rig alone.

5. Reliance Industries Limited (RIL)
INTRODUCTION
Reliance Industries Limited (RIL) is an Indian conglomerate holding company
headquartered in Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. The company operates in five
major segments: exploration and production, refining and marketing,
petrochemicals, retail and telecommunications.
RIL is the third largest publicly traded company in India by market capitalisation
and is the second largest company in India by revenue after Indian Oil
Corporation. The company is ranked 107th on Fortune Global 500 list of the
world's biggest corporations for the year 2013.[6]
It contributes to approx. 14% of
total exports of India.
HISTORY
The company was co-founded by Dhirubhai Ambani and his cousin Champaklal
Damani in 1960s as Reliance Commercial Corporation. In 1965, the partnership
was ended and Dhirubhai continued the polyester business of the firm. In 1966,
Reliance Textiles Industries Pvt Ltd was incorporated in Maharashtra. It
established a synthetic fabrics mill in the same year at Naroda in Gujarat. In 1975,
company expanded its business into textiles, with "Vimal" becoming its major
brand in later years. The company made an initial public offer (IPO) in 1977. The
issue was over-subscribed by seven times.
In 1985, the name of the company was changed from Reliance Textiles Industries
Ltd. to Reliance Industries Ltd. During the years 1985 to 1992, the company
expanded its installed capacity for producing polyster yarn by over 145,000
tonnes per annum. The Hazira petrochemical plant was commissioned in 1991-92.
In 1993, Reliance turned to the overseas capital markets for funds through a
global depositary issue of Reliance Petroleum. In 1996, it became the first private
sector company in India to be rated by international credit rating agencies. S&P
rated BB+, stable outlook, constrained by the sovereign ceiling. Moody's rated
Baa3, Investment grade, constrained by the sovereign ceiling. In the year 1995-96,
the company entered the telecom industry through a joint venture with NYNEX,
USA and promoted Reliance Telecom Private Limited in India. In 1998-99, RIL
introduced packaged LPG in 15 kg cylinders under the brand name Reliance Gas.

6. During 1998-2000, the company completed setup of integrated petrochemical
complex at Jamnagar in Gujarat.
In 2001, Reliance Industries Ltd. and Reliance Petroleum Ltd. became India's two
largest companies in terms of all major financial parameters.[15]
In 2001-02,
Reliance Petroleum was merged with Reliance Industries.[10]
In 2002, Reliance
announced India's biggest gas discovery (at the Krishna Godavari basin) in nearly
three decades and one of the largest gas discoveries in the world during 2002.
The in-place volume of natural gas was in excess of 7 trillion cubic feet, equivalent
to about 1.2 billion barrels of crude oil. This was the first ever discovery by an
Indian private sector company.[10][16]
In 2002-03, RIL purchased a majority stake in
Indian Petrochemicals Corporation Ltd. (IPCL), India's second largest
petrochemicals company, from Government of India.[17]
IPCL was later merged
with RIL in 2008.[18][19]
In the years 2005 and 2006, the company reorganized its
business by demerging its investments in power generation and distribution,
financial services and telecommunication services into four separate entities.[20]
In
2006, Reliance entered the organised retail market in India with the launch of its
retail store format under the brand name of 'Reliance Fresh'.[21][22]
By the end of
2008, Reliance retail had close to 600 stores across 57 cities in India.[10]
In 2010,
Reliance entered Broadband services market with acquisition of Infotel
Broadband Services Limited, which was the only successful bidder for pan-India
fourth-generation (4G) spectrum auction held by Government of India.[23][24]
In the
same year, Reliance and BP announced a partnership in the oil and gas business.
BP took a 30 per cent stake in 23 oil and gas production sharing contracts that
Reliance operates in India, including the KG-D6 block for $7.2 billion.[25]
Reliance
also formed a 50:50 joint venture with BP for sourcing and marketing of gas in
India

7. GLOBAL RANKING
The country's most valued firm, Reliance Industries, has been named among the
world's top 20 chemical companies in a global ranking, which sees the Indian firm
jumping to the top tier soon with a major acquisition.
The company led by industrialist Mukesh Ambani has been ranked at 20th
position in the ICIS Top 100 Chemicals Companies list, which was topped by
German major BASF.
CSR OF RIL
RIL's contribution to the community are in areas of health, education,
infrastructure development (drinking water, improving village infrastructure,
construction of schools etc.), environment (effluent treatment, tree plantation,
treatment of hazardous waste), relief and assistance in the event of a natural
disaster, and miscellaneous activities such as contribution to other social
development organisations etc. RIL's CSR teams across its manufacturing divisions
interact with the neighbouring community on regular basis.
Education
A network of nine schools caters to 13,251 students spread across geographies in
India. CSR teams from RIL's manufacturing divisions and E&P operations work
ardently to support the educational requirements of the community and schools
in the neighbouring region benefiting thousands of students from the
underprivileged section of the society.
RIL plays a pivotal role in supporting Government's initiative towards education of
girl child. In Gujarat, under the project "Kanya Kelvani", RIL's Dahej Manufacturing
Division has extended financial assistance towards education of girl child in the
state.

8. RIL has created a platform for computer learning in many villages. Its
manufacturing divisions have provided computers to primary and secondary
schools under the Company's computer literacy initiative.
RIL continues to provide support to school run by Lions Club of Naroda Charitable
Trust. The school renders quality education in English medium to children of
labourers working in GIDC, Naroda area, who are economically and socially
backward. Jamnagar Manufacturing Division constructed a school building for
village Kana Chikari of Lalpur taluka in Gujarat. Hoshiarpur Manufacturing Division
has adopted village Mangrowal- Nari primary school. Annually free uniforms,
books, shoes and school bags are given to students and also free electricity is
provided to the school.
RIL's CSR teams continue to provide uniforms, books etc, to students of
neighbouring villages of manufacturing divisions and E&P operations. Further,
continuous monitoring is being done in local schools for improving the
performance of students. Regular counseling sessions are also being arranged
with experts in personality development and psychology for motivating the
children to achieve better results.
To encourage school children from neighbouring villages in their learning process,
Nagothane Manufacturing Division and the MADER Foundation provided school
uniforms to the tribal and underprivileged students. Eleven schools were selected
for this initiative, out of which seven Zilla Parishad schools are located on a hilltop
near the manufacturing division. Further, meritorious students were felicitated
with an objective of encouraging them for higher studies.
RIL's Project Jagruti, the project to tackle dyslexia in Surat, is setting the pace for
the community's response to the social dogma of the mentally underprivileged
children. More than 8,800 hours have been spent by 35 trained teachers and
more than 1,000 hours by RIL volunteers to uplift and bring the dyslexic students
from the underprivileged segment into the main stream. RIL employee's spouses
are supporting this activity and many teaching aids have been developed. NIOS
registration has been initiated for Academic Year ("AY") 2011-12.
Partnership with similar associations across the country and UNESCO / BBC has
been initiated to spread awareness and benefit the students with latest training
aids. Awareness stall was put up that attracted thousands at the national book

9. fair organized by Surat Municipal Corporation (SMC). Membership of Maharashtra
Dyslexia Association and International Dyslexia Association has been taken to
make the project more focused with proven scientific practices and to get
availability of resourceful experts, sourcing global knowledge / resources and best
practices / models in the LD/Dyslexia space. Focus is on early identification of
learning disability in child and procuring various screening tests for the same.
PROBLEMS FACED BY RELIANCE
The two often caught up to discuss the contours of a nascent relationship
between their companies. RIL and BP had already bid for and won an oil block in
India. And now both began talking of a deeper relationship. But what shape this
relationship would take was not clear even to those close to the two men.
The answer came this February. Even though Hayward had been forced by then to
quit BP in the aftermath of the Gulf of Mexico oil spill, the new CEO Robert
Dudley picked up the threads with RIL. BP announced it will take a 30% stake in 23
oil and gas blocks owned by RIL across India, including the producing Krishna-
Godavari D6 block.
The two companies also agreed to form an equal joint venture to source and
market gas in India. BP said it would make a total investment of $20 billion in
these ventures. This would make the deal one of the largest foreign investments
in the country.