EGYPTIANS

1. DAILY LIFE IN ANCIENT EGYPT
By: Kathlyne Jhay C. Rodolfo
Credits to : Rebecca and Yvonne

2. MAP
🞭 Time frame of
Ancient Egypt
was from around
3000 BC to
30BC.

3. BACKGROUND
🞭 The ancient Egyptian civilization was a very strong civilization that started from
around 3000 BC to 30 BC. They developed a strong, centralized government
that was served by well-trained scribes and officials. The earliest Egyptians were
nomads who were wandering around in search of food and water.
🞭 One of the most known kings of the ancient Egyptian civilization was King
Tutankhamen. He was a very young king who only ruled for 9 years due to his
death at the age of 18. Since he died at such a young age and only ruled for
such a short period of time, he didn’t give the people a very good memory of
him. In fact, no one really knew how he died. His tomb was very hard to find, so
when all of the other kings’ tombs were discovered, they thought that all of the
kings’ tombs were discovered. But an English archaeologist and Egyptologist
Howard Carter was determined that there was another king’s tomb that has not
been discovered. King Tut was widely known after Howard Carter discovered his
tomb on February 16th, 1923.
🞭 In 30 BC, Egypt was taken into the Roman Empire on the death of the Egyptian
Queen Cleopatra.

4. SOCIAL STRUCTURE
The Pharaoh The pharaoh was the living god who had
complete control over the country while keeping
piece, making laws and controlling the army
Nobles and Military Leaders made sure the pharaoh’s
commands were obeyed, taxes were paid, and the country was
safe from invasions
Priests and Scribes  Among the Educated class, priests
conducted religious ceremonies, scribes kept records.
Craftspeople and Merchants  made goods that Egyptian traders
took up and down the Nile to foreign lands.
Peasant Farmers  laboured hard, working the land of wealthy
landowners
Slaves  slaves were foreigners caught in wartime, female and child slaves
worked in wealthy households, and male slaves worked as labourers on
farms or in households.

5. HOUSING
🞭 The houses of the wealthy and the ordinary families
have very big differences.
🞭 For example, the wealthy families have houses that
have about 10 rooms in it. The ordinary families
only have one room in their houses. The richest
families have painted walls, usually blue or yellow
with painted borders of ducks or lotus petals and
painted ceilings. They would also have tiled floor
when the ordinary families had floors of beaten
earth.

6. WEALTHY LIVING
🞭 The homes of the nobles were large, with private
rooms for the man of the house, private rooms for
the women and children and a reception hall.
Only the tombs and temples were made of stone
, so despite the size of these homes, they were
still made with adobe. To keep out the flies, heat
and dust, the windows and doors were covered
with mats. The wealthy decorated the insides of
their homes with colourful wall hangings and
covered the floors with tiles.

7. WEALTHY LIVING (CONTINUED)
🞭 The wealthy had slaves and servants who
waited on them all day long. They cooked
and cleaned, shopped a they would help take
care of the children in the home.
🞭 The wealthy ate better than ordinary people
and all the boys got an education.

8. FAMILY LIFE
🞭 The family was broken down into roles that
each would play in order for things to run
smoothly
🞭 The father was the one who would work all
day.
🞭 In smaller households the mother being in
charge of cooking, cleaning and watching the
children were all her responsibilities while the
wealthy had servants and slaves

9. FOOD
🞭 The wealthy ate bread vegetables and
fruit, as did the ordinary people. However
unlike ordinary people, the rich could afford
roast beef and wine. Meat was expensive so
the ordinary people enjoyed a healthy diet of
bread, beans, onions, leeks, and other
vegetables, fruits and fish from the Nile. They
occasionally had pork but mostly beer made
from barley. They ate from dishes made of
bronze silver and gold. All Egyptians no
matter the families wealth, ate with their

10. MARRIAGE
🞭 The ancient Egyptians thought of marriage as a sacred bond however
divorce was allowed
🞭 Brides would be around 14-15 yrs , her husband would be anywhere
between 17-20 possibly older if the man was divorced or widowed
🞭 Because the life span at this time was short Egyptians were encouraged
to marry young.
🞭 Many marriages were arranged with parental consent needed, especially
among the upper classes.
🞭 Many times young couple did fall in love and choose one another as
mates.
🞭 Women played a large role in arranging a marriage.A suitor sometimes
used a female go-between to approach the girl’s mother—not her father
🞭 Divorce was not uncommon, even though it was a matter of
disappointment, but it was certainly not one of disgrace. It was very
common for divorced people to remarry.

11. CHILDBIRTH
🞭 In ancient Egypt, they believed that rubbing saffron powder on the
mother’s belly would induce delivery. They also believed that the
medical papyri contain many remedies that could induce delivery.
🞭 They delivered babies while squatting or kneeling down on birthing
bricks or directly on the ground. They thought that by kneeling or
squatting, the gravity would pull the baby out.

12. CHILDHOOD
🞭 In Ancient Egypt, it was up to the parents to educate their
children unless they were wealthy. Children mainly learned
from their mothers and the fathers provided the income but
they also taught the academic matter. Children from
ordinary families enjoyed playing board games, and wealthy
families enjoyed hunting and boat rides. The children went
without clothing until the age 12. If a child dies at birth along
with its mother, it would be placed in the mother’s tomb.
🞭 Only boys were educated and they took after their fathers.
Also at age 12, they had their head shaved and they were
circumcised. And the girls only learned how to maintain a
household and did not go to school or get an education.

13. COMPARING CHILDHOODS

14. EDUCATION
🞭 In Ancient Egypt, only the sons of the
wealthy attended school. They either took
lessons in temples or had private teachers
and tutors.
🞭 In ordinary homes in Ancient Egypt, boys
learned their father’s trade, and the girls
learned the skills needed to run a household
from their mother. Neither the boys or the
girls went to school, nor did they learn how to
read or write.

15. RELIGION
🞭 The Ancient Egyptians believed that the gods
and goddesses ruled the world. There were
hundreds of gods and goddesses, and each of
them had a different role. For example, goddess
Taweret was the goddess of childbirth, so
women would pray to her to keep them safe in
childbirth. Some of them looked human, but
many gods were portrayed as animals. The
greatest of all gods was Re, the life-giving sun
god and father of the pharaoh.

16. KHNUM
Khnum, the creator god, was originally the
god of the source of the Nile river. Since the
flooding of the Nile brought silt and clay with
it, and the water brought life to its
surroundings, Khnum was thought to be the
creator of the bodies of human children.
Using a potters wheel and clay he would
make the child and place it in its mother’s
womb.

17. CLOTHING
🞭 All Egyptians dressed for comfort due to the
climate in Egypt. The clothes were made out of
white linen, a cloth made from the fibres of the
flax plant. Women would wear the linen shift, a
loose-fitting dress. Sometimes the wealthy
women wore a transparent covering on top. The
men wore loincloths or wrap around skirts. Finely
woven linen was expensive so those who could
not afford wore coarsely woven linen. Most the
time, the Egyptians went bare foot but some wore
sandals on special occasions.

18. ART & MUSIC
🞭 In Ancient Egypt, villagers often came together to sing and make
music. But men and women never performed together when
they dance. The instruments that they used were the
flute, cymbals, the lyre, pipes, harps, drums and trumpets. The
instruments are always accompanied by dancers or singers so
they never played alone.
🞭 Many paintings and sculptures in Ancient Egypt were made to
accompany the afterlife. The artists that made them had to obey
some rules. For example, everything had to be as perfect as
possible, that includes the people in the painting. By the
paintings, you could probably tell that the slaves were not
considered important because they were drawn so small they
could be mistaken for children.

19. ART & MUSIC (CONTINUED)
🞭 The Ancient Egyptians invented two forms of
writing. The most common one was
hieroglyphics. Hieroglyphics are pictures that
were used first to show whole things and
then to show sounds. Hieroglyphics were
very hard to draw, they were used for letters,
business accounts, wills and even the
recording of some stories.

20. FESTIVALS
🞭 There were lots of festivals in ancient Egypt, but the
main ones were the Opet festival, Sed festival and
the Min festival.
🞭 The Min and Sed festivals are really the same thing
but they are named differently. They are both a
festival held to celebrate the continued rule of a
pharaoh.
🞭 The Opet festival was celebrated in Thebes. This
festival celebrates the birthday of the Kingly
Ka, when the King got his Divine Right to rule re-
confirmed.

21. Hieroglyphics
🞭 The Egyptians needed a way to keep track of
their wealth as the wealth of Egypt and the
economy became more complex. So they
invented a system of writing called hieroglyphics.
Hieroglyphics are little pictures that can mean a
sound, word or sometimes both a sound and a
word. Besides recording business
dealings, writing opened many doors for
Egyptians. People began to write stories and
poetry, magic spell and they were able to
recorded their knowledge, which later civilizations
were able to read and learn from.

22. CONCLUSION
🞭 The Ancient Egypt civilization was one of the
strongest civilizations. It lasted for many
years and had many strong pharaohs. They
had many religious beliefs including the
afterlife. Their civilization was much different
than ours.

23. INFORMATION BIBLIOGRAPHY
🞭 http://www.islandnet.com/~kpotter/egypt/house.htm
🞭 Ancient Egyptians by Fiona Macdonald
🞭 Everyday Life in Ancient Egypt by Nathaniel Harris
🞭 TheAncient World-Egypt by Jane Shuter
🞭 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Egypt
🞭 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Howard_Carter
🞭 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tutankhamun
🞭 http://www.womenintheancientworld.com/pregnancy%20and%20childbirth.htm
🞭 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Min_festival
🞭 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opet_Festival
🞭 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sed_festival
🞭 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Egypt#Daily_life
🞭 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khnum
🞭 http://www.sis.gov.eg/VR/pharo/html/child01.htm