referencing in detail

1. REFERENCI
NG
KANWARJEET KAUR NANGLI
M.ED
GURU NANAK DEV
UNIVERSITY AMRITSAR

2. REFERENCING:
Referencing is a consistent method of acknowledging
another person’s ideas which you have used in your own
writing. You must reference all sources that you use in your
work, including words and ideas, audio, websites,
statistics, diagrams, and data.

3. NEED OF REFERENCING:
Assists you to avoid plagiarism.
Demonstrates the depth and the breadth of your
research and reading.
Enables other researchers to locate your sources.
Supports and strengthens your argument.
To avoid plagiarism.
To get your work credibility and demonstrate that
you have conducted research on the topic.

4. STYLES OF
REFERENCING:APA{AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION}
MLA{MODERN LANGUAGE ASSOCIATION}
CHICAGO

5. APA REFERENCING
STYLE:
The American Psychological Association{APA}
referencing style is the most widely used formatting
and referencing style in the social sciences. This brief
guide will present the most recurring Cituation type
with practical example for both in-text Cituation and
references.

6. APA REFERENCING
STYLE STEPS:
•Author’s name followed by it’s initials.
•Year of publication.
•Article title followed by full stop.
•Name of journal in italic form.
•Volume followed by a comma.
•Page no.

7. EXAMPLE OF APA
REFERENCE:
JOURNAL ARTICLE:
Abwold, A.{2002}. Alcohol: A common problem among
college Students. Journal of studies on alcohol.
14,118-128.
BOOK:
Cuyjet, M.J., Hamilton, M.F.,& Cooper,
D.L.{Eds.}.{2011}.Multiculturalism on campus : Theory,
models, and practices for understanding diversity and
creating inclusion. Sterling, VA: Stylus publishing.
continued…..

8. CONTINUED…
ONLINE NEWSPAPER:
Kamenetz, A.{2041, November 30}.The history of
campus sexual assault: a closer look at sexual assaults
on Campus. National public radio. Retrieved from
hhtp://www.Npr.Org/blogs/ed/2014/11/30/3663483
83/the history -of -campus-sexual-assault

9. APA FORMATTING:
FONTFont type:
APA recommends Times New Roman 12-point.But it is
acceptable to use something different.
Stay with something classic, with or without serif, such as
Arial, Verdana, times new ,roman, or the now popular
windows fonts Calibri and Cambria.
Stay away from decorative fonts like Segoe-script or comic
sans.
You want your assignments to be professional and not
look like a comic book or a handwritten letter.

10. APA
FORMATTING:NFONTFONT SIZE:
Use something that is easy to read like 10- or 12-
point font.
A very large font size looks like you are out of ideas
and want to fill the paper!
FONT COLOR:
Black- do not use coloured fonts!

11. MLA
A style manual published by the modern language
association.
Used in English and the humanities.
Covering how we formed our papers and ensures
consistency.

12. CHICAGO:
The Chicago manual of style provides guidelines for
two styles of Citiation, author – date and notes and
bibliography.
In notes and bibliography style{ mostly used in the
humanities}, you can use footnotes or endnotes to cite
sources.
In author- date style{ mostly used in the sciences},
you may use brief parenthetical references to cite
sources in the task.