Overview of Classification Of Arthopoda

1.  An arthopoda is a Greek word which arthron
means “joint” and pous mean foot.
 Arthopoda is an invertebrate animal having
an exoskeleton,a segmented body, and
paired jointed appandages.
 Arthopoda from the phylum Euarthropoda .
Which includes insects , arachnids,
myriapods and crustaceans.

2.  Kingdom – Animalia
 Subkingdom – Eumetazoa
 Phylum - Arthopoda

3. This phylum includes the animals having jointed
appandages.It is the largest phylum of
invertebrates because about 9,oo,ooo species of
arthropodas are known.
Characteristics of Arthropoda
 Their body is covered externally with
exoskeleton.
 Body is segmented and divided into three
parts.They are ; head ,thoraax and abdomen.
 The head contains brain and sensory organs.
 Breathing takes place through the general body
surface ,gills or trachea.
 Circulatory and excretory system are present.

4.  Crustacean ; Five or more lelgs, two antenae
wings absent i.e crabs
 Mariapoda; Many legs, one or two per
segment,wing absent i.e millipeda and
centripeda
 Arachidae; Four pair of legs ,no
antenae,wing absent i.e ticks,mites and
scorpion.
 Insects ; Having head ,throax and
abdomen,three pair of legs , paired
antennae, wings may be present.

5.  Arachnids, members of the class Arachnida,
are arthopoda.
 This phylum is characterised by member
having a segmented body covered in a
jointed,chitinous exoskeleton.
 They possess a complex nervous system with
a dorsal brain ,and have an open circulatory
system.
 Arachnida were among the earlilest terrestial
animals.
 The earliest sites for terrestial arachnids are
Early Devonian and late silurian.

6.  Four pairs of legs
 Arachnids also have two additional pairs of
appendages.
 Arachnids do not have antennae or wings
 The arachnids body is organized into the
cephalothorax,a fusion of the head , thorax and
abdomen.
 To adapt to living on land , arachnids have internal
breathing systems,like trachea or lungs.
 Arachnids are mostly carnivorous, feeding on the pre
digested bodies of insects and other small animals.
 Several groups are venomous .They release the
venom from specialized lands to kill prey or enemies
 Several mites and parasitic and some of those are
carriers of disease.

7.  Kingdom – Animalia
 Subkingdom - Invertebrate
 Phylum – Arthopoda
 Subphylum – Chelilcerata
 Class – Arachnida (Lamarck , 1801)

8.  The stings of many species are uncomfortable,but
only 25 species have venom that is deadly to human.
 Scorpion venom serves to kill or paralyze prey
rapidly.
 Scorpion venom is mixture of neurotoxin ,most of
these are peptides ,chains of amino acid.
 These channel are essential for nerve conduction
,muscles contraction and many other biological
processes.
 Some of these molecules may be useful in medical
research and might lead to the development of new
disease treatements.such as anti cancer
,antibacterial ,antifungal,antiparasitic etc
 Scorpion toxn based drug is on sale ,through
chlorotoxin is being trialled for use against glioma, a
brain cancer.

9.  Scorpions are predatory arachnids of the
order scorpiones.
 They have eight legs and are easily
recognized by the pair of grasping pincers
and the narrow.
 The evolutionary history of scorpions goes
back 435 million years.
 They mainly live in desert but have adapted
to a wide range of environmental condition.
 There are over 2500 descrived species with
22 extant families recognised to date.

10.  Kingdom – Animalia
 Subkingdom - Invertebrate
 Phylum – Arthropoda
 Subphylum – Chelicerata
 Class - Arachnida
 Order – Scorpiones (C.L .Koch ,1837)

11. Mouth part
 The mouth is located in the cephalothorax
 As the scorpion see their prey, scorpion use their
pincers and tail to kill it.
 The mouth throws up digestive juice and puts it
all over the prey so it will be easier to eat.
 Scorpion’s Body
 A scorpion’s body is an exoskeketon.
 Their body divides into sections
 Outside of their body ,there is a hard shell that
protects its organ inside.
 All over the body is hair that senses air
movement to see what’s happening.

12.  Scorpion’s Head
 The head includes the eyes and the mouth.
 It’s flat and narrow head.
 The cephalothorax makes up the head ,the
carapace,the eyes,mouth ,the claws and 4 pairs of
legs.
 Abdomen
 A scorpion’s long tail is the abdomen
 It is divided into sections
 At the very end of the tail there is a stinger

13.  About 25 species can kill people with their
deadly venon.
 With scorpion venom, it helps make
medication to help people recovery from
disease
 Some scientists believed this medication can
help people with cancer

14.  Spider are air breathing arthopodas that have
eight legs.
 They are the largest order of arachnids and rank
seventh in total species diversity among all order
of organism
 At least 48,200 species ,and 120 families have
been recorded by taxonomist.
 Spiders are found worldwide on every continent
except for Antarctica
 Scientific community as to how all these families
should be classified ,as evidenced by the over 20
different classification that have been proposed
since 1900.

15.  The body of a spider is divided into two
region ,cephalothorax and abdomen
,attached by a narrow pedicle.
 The cephalothorax is sclerotized with dorsal
and ventral plates ,and bear the eyes
mouthparts, legs and stomach.
 The abdomen is usually soft and contain the
primary reproductive organs, respiratory
system,heart ,intestine anus.
 Spider are one of several arthopoda to have
evolved silk independently.

16.  Kingdom – Animalia
 Phylum – Arthopoda
 Subphylum - chelicerata
 Class – Arachnida
 Order – Araneae (clerck, 1757)
 Family – Dipluridae
 Genus – Microhexura
 Species – M.montivage
 Biological name – Microhexura montivaga

17.  Spiders are widely feared,only a few are
dangerous to people.
 Spider will only bite in self defence, and few
produce worse effect than a mosquito bite .
 Spider venom may be less polluting
alternativeto conventional pesticides,as they
are deadly to insects but the great majority
are harmless to vertebrate.
 Spider venom are being investigated,for the
treatement of cardiac arrhythmia
,Alzheimer’s disease.
 Spider can also be used as food.

18.  Blood sucking arthopoda
 Obligate Hematophages
 Ectoparasitesof mammals ,birds and sometimes
reptiles and amphibians
 Transmit great variety of infections agents
 Economic losses
General characteristics
 The head ,thorax and abdomen are fused into
one body segment.
 Arachnids do not have wings and antennae
 In the nymph and adult stages they have four
pairs of legs

19.  Ticks are implicated in the transmission of a
number of infections caused by pathogens such
bacteria,viruses and protozoa.
 The ticks harbors more than one type of
pathogen ,making diagnosis of the infection
more difficult.
 Species of the bacterial genus Rickettsia are
responsible for thypus,rickettsialpox,fever.
 Australian paralysis tick are venomous and
cause tick paralysis.

20.  Kingdom – Animalia
 Phylum – Arthopoda
 Subphylum – Chelicerata
 Class –Arachnida
 Subclass – Acari
 Order –Ixodida
 Superfamily –Ixodoidea( Leach 1815)

21.  The body of ticks is oval in shape and consist
of cephalothorax and abdomen.
 They have four pairs of legs which terminate
in a pair of claws.
 Ticks have no antenna.
 Ticks feed only on the blood (blood cell and
blood plasma) and lymph of their hosts
 The ticks crawl onto their hosts and attach to
the skin.


22.  Mites are small arthopoda belonging to the class
Arachnida and the subclass Acari.
 The body is in twosections,the cephalothorax
and opisthosoma.
 The scientific discipline devoted to the study of
ticks and mites is called acarology.
 Most mites are tiny less than 1mm in length,and
have a simple ,unsegmented body plan.
 Some species live in water ,many live in soil as
decomposers and while others again predators
or parasites.
 Most species are harmless to human but few are
associated withallergies or may transmit
diseases.

23.  The majority of mite species are harmless to
humans and domestic animals,but a few
species cancolonize mammals directly ,acting
as vector for diseases transmission and
causing to allergenic diseases.
 Mites which colonize human skin are the
cause of several types of itchy skin rashes
such as gamasoidosis ,rodent mite,
dermatitis
 Sarcoptes scabiei is a parasitic mite
responsible for scabies ,which is one of the
three most common skin disorder in skin.

24.  The body shape is rounded like a tortoise.
 Dorsally the mite is covered with bristles
 Adults have four pairs of short legs divided
into five segment.
 The front legs end in long tubular
processes,knownas sucker and the hind legs
end in long bristles.

25.  Kingdom – Animalia
 Phylum – Arthopoda
 subphylum – Chelicerata
 Class – Arachnida
 Subclass - Acari