2. MICROSCOPY AS A MODERN TECHNOLOGY:
It is a technical science that deals with the development of microscope
techniques to view and study the properties of the material not visible by
naked eyes.
This is a very modern science that is developed to understand the variety
of different materials through variety of microscopic analysis.
It is very necessary in our today’s scientific study to know about the compounds,
molecules that are present in the materials , objects , substances under
consideration. We have to understand the structure and molecular arrangements
to know about the properties and behavior of that material.
In the study of such properties, microscopy leads the field of technology to
know better about the compounds.
Using microscopy, one can magnify the objects upto 1500x than the original size.
Example: Optical Microscope.
6. WORKING PROCEDURE OF SCANNING TUNNELING MICROSCOPE:
A voltage bias is applied and the tip is brought close to the sample by coarse
sample-to-tip control, which is turned off when the tip and sample are sufficiently
close. At close range, fine control of the tip in all three dimensions when near the
sample is typically piezoelectric, maintaining tip-sample separation W typically
in the 4-7 Å (0.4-0.7 nm) range, which is the equilibrium position between
attractive (3< W < 10Å) and repulsive (W < 3Å) interactions.
In this situation, the voltage bias will cause electrons to tunnel between the tip and sample,
creating a current that can be measured. Once tunneling is established, the tip's bias
and position with respect to the sample can be varied and data are obtained from the
resulting changes in current.
T.E.
7. WORKING PROCEDURE OF ATOMIC FORCE MICROSCOPE:
As the cantilever is displaced along the sample surface so does the direction of the laser
beam reflection changes along the surface of the photodiode resulting into the image
formation with the help of detector and feedback electrical equipments.
8. A T.E.M. IMAGE OF POLIO VIRUS OF 30 NM IN SIZE.
A S.T.M. IMAGE OF GOLD(100).
A S.T.M. IMAGE
OF
SiC SURFACE.
MAGNIFIED IMAGE OF POLLENS USING S.E.M.
9. A CBP officer of Field Operations Department checking the authenticity
of a travel document using the optical microscope at an International Airport.
10. ADVANTAGES AND USEFULNESS OF MICROSCOPY:
Microscopy has many types of microscopic devices for various purposes; due to which
we can have the desired resolution of the object we want to magnify and view.
Furthermore it’s precision and sharpness is to a such high extent which is of the order
of Nano meter(10-9m) or much higher.
Better resolutions mean better images and greater understanding and Microscopy is
a total advantage for such things.
Utility is diverse with Microscopy. Every type of microscope has a special use to
produce a high resolution image of a particular material.
The research and development in field of Biology has a very important and notable
usage of Microscopes which has always been fascinating and wonderful.
Example: Development of Cell Theory is totally based on Microscopic Methods.
Also in other fields like Chemistry and Physics Microscopy holds a very important use.
Example: Semiconductors; Neurology ; etc.
11. FIELDS OF APPLICATIONS OF MICROSCOPY:
• There are variety of applications of this technique based on the type of Microscope
used.
• All modern fields and fields like Life Sciences and Physics make most of the use of
Microscopy.
• Fields like Nanotechnology, Nanochemistry , Nanophysics , Semiconductors ,
Neuroscience, physiology etc. make use of this technique.
• In areas of non scientific approach also, we can see a very useful application of
Microscopy like International Airports, Megamalls, Universities etc.
• Thus Microscopy has a very useful advantage of making things highly magnified
to view better and understand the objects in a very smart way.
12. Nature is beautiful and things are like objects of Nature…Keep understanding…
