A presentation how to write research proposal

1. The Research Proposal

2. Research Proposal
A research proposal describes what you
will investigate, why it’s important,
and how you will conduct your
research.

3. Research Proposal
 The format of a research proposal varies between
fields, but most proposals will contain at least these
elements:
 Title page
 Introduction
 Literature review
 Research design
 Reference list

4. A research proposal serves as a blueprint
and guide for your research plan, helping
you get organized and feel confident in the
path forward you choose to take.

5. Research proposal purpose
 Academics often have to write research proposals to
get funding for their projects. As a student, you might
have to write a research proposal as part of a grad
school application, or prior to starting your thesis or
dissertation.
 In addition to helping you figure out what your
research can look like, a proposal can also serve to
demonstrate why your project is worth pursuing to a
funder, educational institution, or supervisor.

6. Research proposal aims
Relevance
 Show your reader why your project is interesting,
original, and important.
Context
 Demonstrate your comfort and familiarity with
your field.
 Show that you understand the current state of
research on your topic.

7. Approach
Make a case for your methodology.
Demonstrate that you have carefully
thought about the data, tools, and
procedures necessary to conduct your
research.
Achievability
Confirm that your project is feasible
within the timeline of your program or
funding deadline.

8. Research proposal length
The length of a research proposal can
vary quite a bit. A bachelor’s or
master’s thesis proposal can be just a
few pages, while proposals for PhD
dissertations or research funding are
usually much longer and more
detailed.

9. Introduction
 The first part of your proposal is the initial pitch for
your project. Make sure it succinctly explains what
you want to do and why.
 Your introduction should:
 Introduce your topic
 Give necessary background and context
 Outline your problem statement and research
questions

10. To guide your introduction, include information
about:
Who could have an interest in the topic (e.g.,
scientists, policymakers)
How much is already known about the topic
What is missing from this current knowledge
What new insights your research will contribute
Why you believe this research is worth doing

11.  Literature review
 As you get started, it’s important to demonstrate
that you’re familiar with the most important
research on your topic. A strong literature review
shows your reader that your project has a solid
foundation in existing knowledge or theory. It also
shows that you’re not simply repeating what other
people have already done or said, but rather using
existing research as a jumping-off point for your
own.

12.  In this section, share exactly how your project
will contribute to ongoing conversations in the
field by:
 Comparing and contrasting the main theories,
methods, and debates
 Examining the strengths and weaknesses of
different approaches
 Explaining how will you build on, challenge, or
synthesize prior scholarship

13. Research design and methods
Following the literature review, restate
your main objectives. This brings the
focus back to your own project. Next,
your research design or methodology
section will describe your overall
approach, and the practical steps you will
take to answer your research questions

14. Building a research proposal methodology
Research type
 Qualitative or quantitative?
Original data collection or primary and secondary source
analysis?
 Descriptive, correlational, or experimental research
design?
Population and sample
 Who or what will you study (e.g., high school students in
New York; local newspaper archives 1976-80)?

15. Building a research proposal methodology
When and where will you collect your data?
Research methods
What data collection tools and procedures
will you use (e.g., surveys, interviews,
observational studies, experiments)?
Why?

16. Practicalities
How much time will you need?
How will you gain access to your
population?
How will you address any obstacles you
face?

17. Reference list
Last but not least, your research
proposal must include correct
citations for every source you have
used, compiled in a reference list.
To create citations quickly and
easily, you can use our free APA
citation generator.

18. Parts of Thesis
 The Parts of a thesis will depend
fundamentally on the discipline to which it
belongs (biology, literature, languages,
engineering, etc.), since each of them
suggests different conventions. However, in
this section, we will offer a general outline
of it.


19. Parts of Thesis
 The content of the thesis consists of the following
parts:
 Preliminary body
 Text
 Conclusions
 Bibliography
 Glossary (Optional)

20. Preliminary Body
It refers to the pages that precede the text of the work,
consisting of:
 Cover
 Qualifications
 Dedication
 Acknowledgments
 Table of contents
 Index of illustrations and tables
 Summary

21. Cover
 It is the first page of the writing, in this place the
topic of research is identified; it contains the logo
of the University, the name of the institution that
endorses the studies, name of the author, or
authors; the title of the thesis, titration protocol
/ purpose of certification, the name of the
teacher or guide of the research, place and date.

22. a. Logo and Name of the institution
Place name of the university on the
right side of the logo; put the name of
the institution in center to which the
thesis is put into consideration:

23.  b. Title
 The title of the research identifies the type of work that is
presented, must faithfully reflect the content of the thesis. It
must be clear, concise, and specific, as far as possible,
expressly name the main variables or dimensions. The title is
written in capital letters so that it is distinguished from the
other data on the cover, focusing on the middle higher; to
occupy more than one line, leave double space. The title must
be continuous, and there should be no cuts, abbreviations,
underlines, or quotes. In case of a subtitle, this should further
specify the meaning and scope of the study; place it below the
title, it is written in lowercase with the exception of the initial
letter of the first word and of the proper names.

24. c. Titling protocol / Titration purpose
It refers to the identification of the
type of work presented and
mentioned, the degree or title that is
intended to be achieved. It is written
in the lower middle part, centered and
highlighted.

25. d. Author (s)
Full names and surnames in capital
letters of those presenting the work. It
is located immediately below the
protocol, centered in the middle.

26.  e. Professor or director of research
 It refers to the names, complete surnames, and
professional title of the professor guide, director
or investigator, as the case may be, preceded for
the words: “Guide teacher” or the nomination
stipulated by each academic unit.

27. f. Place and date
It refers to the place and date of
publication of the thesis. In the first
line, you indicate the city and the
country, in the second line, the year of
publication.

28. Qualifications
This page is optional, it is located below
the cover, includes all the cover data,
except the data of the titration protocol.
On the right side of the margin, the name
of the teacher consigns the signature and
/ or qualification, expressed in numbers or
concepts.

29. Dedication
 Optional page in which the names of persons are
mentioned to whom the author of the thesis
wants to devote his/her research, it is
recommended to avoid the abuse of
appointments, in some cases it is advisable to
add a thought or phrase, which should be brief
and moderate in adjectives, avoiding
diminutives.

30. Acknowledgments
Optional page that is headed by the word:
Acknowledgments. Authors of the work
mention the people and institutions that
contributed and supported the completion of
the research. The acknowledgments are
written formally, not anecdotally.

31. Table of contents
 Refers to the organized list of the parts that make
up the thesis in the order in which they appear
inside the work. It includes all such elements as the
pages of the preliminary body, the titles of the
chapters, parts or sections, which should not exceed
9 levels and supplementary materials or reference.
The organization of the table of contents should
reflect that of the text, even in a spatial sense. It is
necessary that the table of contents be written once
the work is finished, so that the different chapters
and sub-chapters remain with the final page.

32. Index of illustrations and tables
This index is optional but it is necessary
to list all the illustrations and pictures
with the title and respective number,
verifying the exact match between the
illustration and the corresponding page.
The list is located on a new page to
continuation of the table of contents.

33.  Summary
 The summary determines the relevance of the research and allows the
reader to decide if the document is of interest or not. It must give a clear
objective, brief account and summary of the content of the work without
interpretations, value judgments, or criticisms expressed by the author.
The constituent elements of a summary are:
 The formulation of the objective of the work.
 The description of the method or procedure.
 The presentation of the results obtained.
 A good summary is brief, concise and informative regarding the content of
the thesis. Numerical data may be included, as long as it contributes to the
understanding of the content of the document. If the Academic Unit
estimates it necessary, the extension of summary is one page maximum.

34. Text:
 The text corresponds to the
introduction of the thesis and
the body of the work.
Introduction:
 The introduction is the clear,
brief and precise presentation
of the content of the thesis,
should not include results or
conclusions. It is the first part
of the thesis; therefore, you
must take special care in the
writing and the orthography.
 It is important to consider the
following aspects:
 The reasons that motivated the
choice of topic.
 The foundations that support it.
 The objectives of the work.
 The hypothesis presented.
 The methodology used.

35. Body of the work:
 It is constituted by the chapters, sub-chapters, parts or
sections that make up the content of the thesis, the problem
of research, the theoretical framework, the methodology,
the results of the research the discussion of the results.
 Within the work, the chapter is the part that indicates the
general division of the body of work; the subchapter is the
breakdown of the different points of each chapter. It is
recommended to follow a logical order in the titles of the
chapters and in that provide consistency to the different
parts of the work and consider the materials that are
mentioned in the introduction.

36.  The illustrations and tables allow you to present and
interpret the data and results of the thesis. Under the
generic term of tables are grouped tables and other
forms of presentation of data, whether statistical,
mathematical or otherwise, which will be written in
vertical columns and horizontal rows, in correlative
order.
 If the figure is the graphic representation of data and
includes graphs, diagrams, maps, drawings, cartograms,
flow charts, etc.

37.  The following rules should be considered:
 Put each illustration in a box.
 Write number on the box, in correlative form
according to presentation order.
 Mention each illustration with a title, after the
numeration.
 Mention the source of the data in the lower margin
of each box in which the illustrations and pictures
are framed.

38. Conclusions:
 It is an important part of the thesis where the author makes judgments
about his hypothesis, refutes or checks based on a synthesis of the
results obtained. The conclusions should reflect the scope and
limitations of the study, the recommendations that may be useful to the
problem of research, as well as the consequences and determinations
that may contribute to the development of knowledge.
 Some of the aspects that are suggested to incorporate are:
 Results obtained.
 Testing / refutation of the hypothesis.
 General conclusion.

39. Contribution to the field or discipline:
 The conclusions must have a clear, concrete
and direct wording; they are not a summary
of the research.

40. Bibliography
 This section contains the bibliographical
references of the documents and texts used
as support in the research. A bibliographic
reference is the set of sufficiently detailed
elements that allow the identification of
the publications or part of a publication,
used in the preparation of a scientific work.

41. a. Bibliographic citations
 It refers to the bibliographical citations
that come out of the text. They are located
in a correlative number, at the bottom of
the page or at the end of each chapter;
bibliographic citations help to differentiate
between the contribution of the researcher
and that of other authors who have dealt
with the subject.

42. b. Aspects to consider for ordering the
bibliography.
 Authors are capitalized.
 Authors are ordered alphabetically.
 When there are more bibliographical references of the same author, then
they will be sort chronologically by year of publication.
 If there are two or more bibliographic references of the same author
published in the same year, they are sorted alphabetically by title and
differentiated with the letters a, b, c, etc. after the year, example:
1997a., 1997b.
 If the publication does not have a year, write “without year” in the
following manner: [s.a.].
 If the year of publication is uncertain, an approximate date is placed
between brackets, for example: [199-]

43.  Each component of a bibliographic reference is separated by point
and two spaces.
 Line spacing for an appointment is written in a row and each
appointment is separated from the one that follows by two lines.
 Once the references have been arranged alphabetically and
chronologically, numbered in ascending order. The text allows
reference to the works cited, by the number assigned in
parentheses to each of them in the bibliography; optionally you
can quote author and year.
 Use the standardized form of the title of the publication in the
quotation.

44. Explanatory notes:
 The explanatory notes fulfill the function of
informing the reader about the way how the issue
is being addressed. They can be incorporated at
the bottom of the page or at the end of each
chapter.

45. Glossary:
The purpose of the glossary is to
try to homogenize and rationalize
the specific terminology used in
the thesis and that does not
correspond to the common
language.