Presentación sobre diseño cartográfico

1. CARTOGRAPHIC DESIGN
BILINGUAL SEMINAR
SPATIAL THINKING & CARTOGRAPHIC DESIGN
Perception and Interpretation in Geographic Reality
Grade in Humanities and Social Studies
Juan Antonio García González
Geografiando en las nubes ; -)
http://willigula.tumblr.com/post/80315894902/painting-a-map-of-
philadelphia-by-al-fenn-1947

2. http://www.google.com/trends/
http://www.orbemapa.com/descargas/mapas-invisibles
Explosion of new resources
related to geographic
information

3. GEOINFORMATION
is a fundamental
factor in the
acquisition of
competence of:
Learning To Learn
Digital Competence
TYNER, J. 2010:7
Esri.com

4. http://fuckyeahcartography.tumblr.com/post/9216215435/artpause-abstract-mondrian-style-world-map
MODRIAN?
http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piet_Mondrian

5. http://www.colinharman.com/how-would-you-like-your-graphic-design/

6. “the art, science
and technology of
making maps,
together with their
study as scientific
documents and
works of art”
International Cartographic Association ICA
CARTOGRAPHY

7. International Cartographic Association ICA
MAP
A graphic
representation
of all or a part
of the earth
surface drawn
to scale upon a
plane
http://artsparksart.blogspot.com.es/2011/04/cartography.html

8. MAP
A graphic
representation
that showns
spatial
relationships
TYNER, J. 2010:7 http://www.forbes.com/sites/ricardogeromel/2013/03/22/forbes-billionaires-map/

9. MAP
Cartography is
about
representation
MacEacheren, A.M. (1995)

10. Maps are
graphic
representations
that facilitate
a spatial
understanding
of things,
concepts,
conditions,
processes, or
events in the
human world
(Harley and Woordward 1987:xvi)
Crampton, J. W. (2010: 21) http://etc.usf.edu/maps/pages/4100/4125/4125.htm

11. A map is a generalization,
A map is a selection,
A map is a projection,
MAP ARE POWERFUL TOOLS
They are often accepted at face value and their
veracity is seldom questioned by users
Tyner, J. 2010:15
So, What is a map?

12. http://www.fantasticmaps.com/2013/04/highlighting-featured-buildings-shape-detail-and-contrast/
http://adventure.howstuffworks.com/outdoor-activities/hiking/how-to-read-a-topographic-map2.htm
GENERALIZATION

13. (Monmonier, how to Lie with Maps 1996) p.102. originally from
Facts in 2 Review 2, no. 5 [February 1940]:33
LIMITATIONS
• People usually
assume that a map
shows everything,
like a photograph
• Cartography is true
Tyner, J. 2010:7

14. http://www.barbaraemanuel.com/rhetoric/rhetoric_design.pdf
MINIMIZE A SUBJECT IS TO
EMPHASIZE THE TRIVIAL, IGNORING
THE IMPORTANT.

15. EVERYONE IS A MAPMAKER
Tyner, J. 2010:7
Making maps
includes any
method or
any kind of
spatial
representation
https://www.etsy.com/es/listing/171798129/world-map-peel-and-stick-fabric-
poster?utm_source=Pinterest&utm_medium=PageTools&utm_campaign=Share

16. How do maps work?
How are maps seen?
How are maps understood?
How are maps used?. Applications in geographic
visualization
How are maps imbued with meaning?
MacEacheren, A.M. 1995:17
¿ QUESTIONS ?

17. Tyner, J. 2010
MAPPING
PROCESS

18. Tyner, J. 2010
DECISION
MAKING
PROCESS

19. ELEMENTS OF A MAP
GOALS OF DESIGN
VISUAL VARAIBLES
MAP DESIGN

20. Tyner, J. 2010:38
ELEMENTS OF A MAP
Subject area
Title
Legends
Scale
Orientation and or grid
Inset Maps
Source
Supplemental text and illustrations
Frames and neat lines
http://indulgy.com/post/tNM6by9FF1/map-
ceiling#/do/from/70766016195

21. ELEMENTS OF A MAP
SUBJECT AREA
http://www.buzzfeed.com/mikespohr/31-things-you-can-make-with-a-cardboard-box-that-
will-blow-y?sub=3271049_3000689#.mtkz9QB4z4
http://krygier.owu.edu/krygier_html/geog_222/geog_222_lo/geog_222_lo05.html

22. TITLE
http://www.etpourquoipascoline.fr/2013/06/five-plus/
ELEMENTS OF A MAP
ALBACETE
POBLACIÓN
2015
2015
ALBACETE
POBLACIÓN
POBLACIÓN
ALBACETE
2015
ALBACETE
2015
POBLACIÓN
2015
ALBACETE
POBLACIÓN
ALBACETE
Población
2015

23. Tyner, J. 2010:19
LEGENDS
CONTENT, WORDING, PLACEMENT, STYLE
Any symbol in the
legend must look
exactly like the
symbol on the map
Eg. Miniaturizing
the symbol will
cause reader
confusion
https://www.teacherspayteachers.com/Product/Barefoot-Island-Mapping-Symbols-178103
ELEMENTS OF A MAP

24. http://theultralinx.com/2014/07/30-wonderful-examples-large-murals/
Scale
ELEMENTS OF A MAP

25. Tyner, J. 2010:19http://spirits-of-lavender.tumblr.com/post/59611912122
ELEMENTS OF A MAP

26. INSET MAPS
Small maps
used in
conjunction
with the
main map
http://www.tripinfo.com/maps/FL-Keys.htm
ELEMENTS OF A MAP

27. Tyner, J. 2010:19
Source
• Origin of
the
information
• Fiability
http://www.easybib.com/
ELEMENTS OF A MAP

28. Tyner, J. 2010:19
Supplemental text and
illustrations
http://www.theguardian.com/books/2010/jan/26/klencke-atlas-british-library-exhibition
ELEMENTS OF A MAP

29. FRAMES AND NEAT LINES
Neat lines is a line that frame and
separates the map from other
information
http://fabulouslyorganizedhome.com/2013/06/27/the-weekend-organizer-put-together-a-meaningful-gallery-wall/
ELEMENTS OF A MAP

30. ELEMENTS OF A MAP
GOALS OF DESIGN
VISUAL VARAIBLES
MAP DESIGN

31. • Design is an holistic process
• Cartography is an holistic and
synthetic science
• Geography is an holistic and
synthetic science
Tyner, J. 2010:15
While tables are usually read linearly item by item,
graphics are read holistically, that is, as a whole.

32. http://www.coolinfographics.com/blog/2015/2/3/the-6-principles-of-design.html

33. Tyner, J. 2010:23
DESIGN AS A PLAN
Design is a decision-making process. Many choices
must be done
Is a map the best solution to the problem?
What is the purpose of the map?
What is the subject or theme of the map?
What is the intent of the map?
Who is the audience?
What is the format?
How will it be produced, reproduced, disseminated
or viewed?

34. Tyner, J. 2010:20
GOALS OF DESIGN
• Clarity
• Order
• Balance
• Contrast
• Unity
• Harmony
http://loldamn.com/word-animals.html

35. GOALS OF DESIGN
It involves examining the
objectives of the map,
emphasizing the
important points and
eliminating anything that
does not enhance the map
message
CLARITY
http://geographer-at-large.blogspot.com.es/

36. GOALS OF DESIGN
It refers to the logic of
the map. Is there visual
clutter or confusion?
Are the elements
placed logically. Way to
see the information
ORDER

37. http://www.designmantic.com/blog/info
graphics/15-golden-principles-of-
visual-hierarchy/
http://brainden.com/face-
illusions.htm

38. GOALS OF DESIGN
Every element of the map has
visual weight
BALANCE
http://awesomeartists.com/ART/mTheABCsOfArtBalance.htm
http://www.artflakes.com/en/products/the-balance-3

39. Tyner, J. 2010:19
GOALS OF DESIGN
BALANCE
The importance
of silence
http://blogs.esri.com/esri/arcgis/2011/10/28/design-principles-
for-cartography/#more-1510

40. Tyner, J. 2010:19
-Centrally located elements have less weight than those to one side
-Objects in the upper half appear heavier than those in the lower half
-Objects on the right side appear heavier than those on the left side
-Weight appears to increase with increasing distance from the center
-Isolated elements have greater visual weights
-Red is heavier than blue
-Bright colors are heavier than dark
-Regular shapes seems heavier than irregular shapes
-Compact shapes have more visual weight than unordered, diffuse shapes.
-Forms with a vertical orientation seem heavier than oblique forms.
BALANCE

41. Tyner, J. 2010:19
GOALS OF DESIGN
Contrast is the difference
between light and dark,
thick and thin, heavy and
light.
CONTRAST
http://geographer-at-large.blogspot.com.es/
http://fabforgottennobility.tumblr.com/

42. FIGURE-GROUND

43. VISUAL CONTRAST
http://blogs.esri.com/esri/arcgis/2011/10/28/design-principles-for-cartography/#more-1510

44. LEGIBILITY
http://blogs.esri.com/esri/arcgis/2011/10/28/design-principles-for-cartography/#more-1510

45. GOALS OF DESIGN
Unity refers to the
interrelationship between map
element. Lettering, border,…
All the things have relation
and visual relation.
UNITY
http://www.lovethatmax.com/2011/12/simple-way-to-help-another-family-this.html
http://awesomeartists.com/ART/mTheABCsOfArtUnity.htm

46. GOALS OF DESIGN
Do all the elements work
well together?
HARMONY
http://visualoptimism.blogspot.com.es/2014/02/undergr
ound-cordelia-kuznetsova-by.html
http://oneequallife.blogspot.com/2014/03/day-341.html

47. http://splitcomplementary.blogspot.tw/2012/02/elements-principles-of-design-icons.html

48. ELEMENTS OF A MAP
GOALS OF DESIGN
VISUAL VARAIBLES
MAP DESIGN

49. https://designwithmshsquared.w
ordpress.com/interior-
design/elements-and-principles-
of-design/

50. Tyner, J. 2010:137

51. Color vs Colour vs HUE

53. http://www.fastcodesign.com/3042011/famous-art-
recreated-from-pantone-color-
chips?utm_source=mailchimp&utm_medium=email
&utm_campaign=codesign-
daily&position=3&partner=newsletter&campaign_dat
e=02052015#4
LIGHTNESS

55. http://seeinside.usborne.com/default.asp?id=4973&site
=4&cuid=65a2ba95b32216ddfaae0e40be92939f

56. The emotional
and
psychological
meaning of
colors
https://mylifemystuff.wordpress.com/2012/04/26/em
otional-and-psychological-meaning-of-colours/

57. http://buildtheresidual.com/2013/0
1/28/color-emotion-guide/

58. https://society6.com/product/Together-Again-67H_Print?tag=threadless
The
value of
colors

60. https://www.designmantic.co
m/blog/interactive-
media/golden-ratio-and-
perfect-design/

64. https://gumroad.com/l/gfQ
The important thing
should be
the important thing

65. http://www.gislounge.com/map-typefaces-for-national-geographic-maps/
http://sixrevisions.com/design-showcase-inspiration/30-creative-typography-art/

66. https://www.teacherspayteachers.com/Product/Elements-of-Art-Poster-342382
http://awesomeartists.com/ART/mB&WHandoutTheABCsOfArtPrinciplesOfArt.htm

67. ADKNOWLEDGES:
Thanks to Margarita Rigal
Aragón (UCLM) for her
help and advice on this
bilingual seminar

68. • Crampton, Jeremy W. (2010). Mapping. A critical
introduction to cartography and GIS. Wiley-Blackwell
United Kindong Pp. 217.
• Dodge, M; Kitchin, R. (2001) Atlas of Cyberspace
Addison Wesley Great Britain Pp. 263
http://www.kitchin.org/atlas/contents.html
• MacEacheren, A.M. (1995) How maps work.
Representation, visualization and design. The Gilford
Press N.Y
• Slocum, T. A., Mcmaster, R. B., Kessler, F. C. Howard,
H. H. (2005) Thematic Cartography and Geographic
Visualization. Upper Sadle river N. J. Pearson Prentice
Hall. Pp. 518.
• Tyner, J. (2010) Principles of Map Design. The
Gilford Press. New York. Pp. 257
RECOMMENDED READINGS

69. Thanks for your attention, you can follow us in
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@JGARCIAGONZALEZ
garciagonzalez.juanantonio@gmail.com
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