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Ventricular Tachycardia and Ventricular Fibrillation Presentation
- 1. Ventricular Fibrillation/ Ventricular Tachycardia Fischer, Kleinstiver, Ojih, Ostafichuk,
- 2. Ventricular TACHYCARDIA Electrical Rhythm Problem that causes FAST (but regular) beats in the ventricles, for 3 or more cardiac cycles at over 100 bpm, originating from the ventricles Non-sustained >30 seconds, sustained <30 seconds, and idiopathic tachycardia If left untreated can lead to Ventricular Fibrillation ECG: wide QRS complex Cardiac Related Causes: Disrupted electrical activity due to previous heart disease, including CAD, previous surgery, high blood pressure Non Cardiac Causes: Medication (antiarrythmic), electrolyte and pH imbalance, exercise, alcohol consumption, caffeine Symptoms: Rapid HR, palpitations, dizziness, chest pain, shortness of breath, weak pulse, light headedness, fainting
- 5. Ventricular FIBRILLATION Electrical Rhythm problem that causes ventricles to quiver uselessly instead of pumping blood, where ventricular rate is 0 bpm. No pulse is felt It is the MOST serious cardiac rhythm disturbance Result is sudden cardiac arrest. If CPR/defibrillation is not preformed immediately cardiac death occurs Symptoms: Collapse and unresponsiveness. ECG example: chaotic and uncoordinated depolarization of ventricles Number one cause of ventricular fibrillation is a HEART ATTACK but can also occur from: Ventricular Tachycardia, electrocution, congenital disease, heart surgery, narrowed coronary arteries, medications, heart muscle disease (including cardiomyopathies)
- 7. Echocardiographic Findings Ventricular Tachycardia May be difficult to differentiate from SVT on ECG findings alone. Using echo, we can image the atrial contraction rate vs. ventricular contraction rate If Ventricular tachycardia is occurring sonographers can use echo to determine underlying pathology (ex. CAD, MI) Doppler can illustrate reduced ventricular ejection https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=pla yer_detailpage&v=VZXYNYsdc6A Ventricular Fibrillation Cardiac echoes not normally performed Echocardiographic case studies show “smoke” in atria due lack of ventricular diastole “Smoke” quickly dissipates after normal cardiac rhythm post defibrillation
Editor's Notes
- Basically it REDUCES the ability of the heart to pump blood, ventricular fib STOPS the ventricles from being able to pump blood Ventricular tachycardia can be classified as sustained or non-sustained VT (NSVT). Sustained ventricular tachycardia is any ventricular tachycardia lasting greater than 30 seconds or symptomatic. Non-sustained ventricular tachycardia lasts for less than 30 seconds and is asymptomatic. Good site for more info: http://www.learntheheart.com/ecg-review/ecg-topic-reviews-and-criteria/ventricular-tachycardia-review/ Number one causes is heart disease such as (such as a previous heart attack, congenital heart defect, hypertrophic or dilated cardiomyopathy, or myocarditis) In rare cases can also be caused by QT syndrome, Brugada syndrome, low potassium levels, blood/electrolyte imbalances Symptoms: Palpitations, dizziness, shortness of breath, chest pain, fainting, weak pulse
- The heart's electrical activity becomes disordered. When this happens, the heart's lower (pumping) chambers contract in a rapid, unsynchronized way It is choatic depolarization of ventricles Number one cause is heart attack but also occurs when not enough oxygen gets to the heart… reason for this are listed above If not in a hospital survival rates are low- People that live through ventricular fib usually end up in a coma or with long term problems Ventricular rate exceeds 400 bpm