Sudden, unexpected loss of heart function, breathing and consciousness. In cardiac arrest, the heart abruptly stops beating. Without prompt intervention, it can result in the person's death.

1. Cardiac Arrest

2. DEFINATION
• Cardiac arrest is a sudden loss of blood flow resulting from the
failure of the heart to pump effectively.
• Word arrest means stop . In cardiac arrest, the heart ceases to
beat.
• Your heartbeat is controlled by electrical impulses.
• Cardiac arrest occurs when the rhythm of the heart stops.
(Asystole)
• Cardiac arrest is an extremely serious health issue.
• It is different from heart attack.
• The condition can cause death.
• It’s also known as sudden cardiac death. SANJIB

3. CAUSES
Congenital Heart Disease
01
Hypothermia
02
Loss Of Blood
03
04 Myocardial Infarction
Ventricular Fibriliation
Hypertension
Coronary Artery Disease
Valvular Heart Disease
Cardiac Electrical Event
05
07
09
08
06
SANJIB

4. RISK FACTORS
• A family history of coronary artery disease.
• Smoking.
• High blood pressure.
• High blood cholesterol.
• Obesity.
• Diabetes.
• An inactive lifestyle.
SANJIB

5. SIGNS & SYMPTOMS
• APNEA
• CYANOSIS
• ABSENCE OF HEART BEAT
• BRAIN DAMAGE
• FATIGUE
• DECREASED EXERCISE TOLERANCE
• ABSENT PULSE
• LOSS OF CONSCIOUSNESS
• CHEST PAIN , HEART BURN
• HEART PALPITATIONS
• FAINTING , DIZZINESS
SANJIB

6. COMPLICATIONS
• NEUROLOGICAL IMPAIRMENT
• STROKE
• RENAL FAILURE
• CARDIOGENIC SHOCK
• DEATH
SANJIB

7. EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT
( Delay Can Be Deadly )
Chain of Survival
• Early CPR, Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
• Rapid Defibrillation
• Effective paramedics (advanced life support )
• Follow up care (post-cardiac arrest care)
SANJIB

8. CPR : CARDIOPULMONARY RESUSCITATION
MEDICATIONS USED IN CPR
• CPR IS THE ONLY EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT FOR THESE CASES .
• IT CONSIST OF ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION & MANUAL EXTERNAL CARDIAC MASSAGE .
• IT IS USED IN CASES OF CARDIAC ARREST OR APPARENT SUDDEN DEATH RESULTING FROM
ELECTRIC SHOCK, DROWNING, RESPIRATORY ARREST.
• EPINEPHRINE (INCREASE BLOOD PRESSURE)
• ATROPINE (INCREASES SA NODE ATOMICITY & AV CONDUCTION)
• SODIUM BICARBONATE (CORRECT METABOLIC ACIDOSIS)
• VASOPRESSION (INCREASE CONTRACTION OF HEART)
SANJIB

9. Defibrillation :
• SUDDEN CARDIAC ARREST REQUIRES IMMEDIATE TREATMENT WITH A DEFIBRILLATOR.
• THIS DEVICE SEND ELECTRICAL SHOCK TO THE HEART.
• IT WILL RESTORE THE NORMAL RHYTHM TO A HEART.
AUTOMATED EXTERNAL DEFRIBILLATOR IMPLANTABLE CARDIOVERTER DEFRIBILLATOR
SANJIB

10. IMAGING STUDIES
LAB TEST
CBC , ABG ANALYSIS , SERUM ELECTROLYTE
CHEST XRAY , MRI , ELECTROCARDIOGRAM , ECHOCARDIOGRAM ,
CORONARY ANGIOGRAPHY
DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION
SANJIB

11. ACE INHIBITOR
DILATE THE BLOOD VESSELS &
IMPROVE YOUR BLOOD FLOW
(CAPTOPRIL,ENELAPRIL)
B BLOCKER
REDUCE THE RISK OF REINFARCTION
& OCCURANCE OF HEART FAILURE
(ATENELOL,ESMOLOL)
ANTIARRHYMIC DRUG
TREAT ARRHYTHMIAS
(PROCAINAMIDE)
CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKER
RELAX SMOOTH MUSCLE
(AMLODIPINE)
MEDICAL MANAGEMENT
SANJIB

12. CORONARY ANGIOPLASTY
Coronary angioplasty is a medical procedure in which a balloon is used to
open a blockage in a coronary artery narrowed by atherosclerosis.
CORONARY BYPASS SURGERY
Coronary bypass surgery is a procedure that restores blood flow to your
heart muscle by diverting the flow of blood around a section of a blocked
artery in your heart.
HEART TRANSPLANTATION
A heart transplant, or a cardiac transplant, is a surgical transplant procedure
performed on patients with end-stage heart failure or severe coronary artery
disease when other medical or surgical treatments have failed.
SURGICAL TREATMENT
SANJIB

13. Nursing Management
• Check Vital Signs
• Keep patient warm
• Assess mental
status
• Check arterial
blood gas and labs
•
• Monitor Ventilation
required
• Assess Oxygenation
status
• Document
• Have the
resuscitation cart at
the bedside

14. THANK YOU！
PRESENTATION BY SANJIB KUMAR SAHOO