1. Acknowledgments
•Institute of Primate Research
•Kenyatta University
Discussion and Conclusion
• Phages are specific; S. aureus phage only lysed S. aureus (tubes 3 & 4) and not
Escherichia coli bacteria (tube 1).
•The level of CFU varied from tube to depending on phage concentration.
•However, phage could still exist in bacteria free medium even though their number
dwindled as time passed.
•These results clearly shows that this phage isolate might be a good candidate for
phage therapy.
•Currently, the in vivo studies regarding the efficacy of this phage isolate are on
going.
Joseph M. Ochieng 1,2
, Washington Arodi 1
& Atunga Nyachieo2
1. Kenyatta University (Medical School)-Kenya 2. Institute of Primate Research (IPR)- Kenya
References
1. Cairns, B. J., Timms, A. R., Jansen, V. A. A., Connerton, I. F., &
Payne, R. J. H. (2009). Quantitative Models of In Vitro
Bacteriophage–Host Dynamics and Their Application to Phage
Therapy. PLoS Pathog, 5(1).
2. Kaur, S., Harjai, K., & Chhibber, S. (2014). Bacteriophage
Mediated Killing of Staphylococcus aureus In Vitro on
Orthopaedic K Wires in Presence of Linezolid Prevents Implant
Colonization. PLoS ONE, 9(3).
Introduction
•MRSA are Staphylococcus aureus strains that are resistant
to a variety of antibiotic classes, which includes; penicillin,
macrolides, glycopeptides, oxazolidinones and lipopeptides.
•Some of the infections caused by MRSA includes; skin and
soft tissue infections, endocarditis, sepsis and osteomyelitis.
•MRSA are grouped as HA-MRSA, CA-MRSA and LA-
MRSA.
•Due to constant drugs resistance development against new
antibiotics produced, phage therapy is considered as an
appropriate alternative to antibiotics.
Objective
To assess the efficacy of phage therapy against MRSA
infections.
A positive coagulase test A positive
biochemical API
Staph test
Staphylococcus isolation in mannitol salt agar
Antibiogram
In vitro tests
Plaque assay Spot assay
(b). Phage isolation
Spot assay
Results
72 hrs old culture in nutrient broth24 hrs old culture in nutrient broth
Spot assay
Dispense 10 µl of different phage isolates to MRSA lawn on nutrient
agar & incubate overnight at 370
C .
In vitro test
Culture 1ml of MRSA (24 hrs old) with phage (100 µl) in NB of
desired volume & incubate overnight at 370
C.
A positive Gram
stain
A positive catalase test
(a). MRSA isolation