Most e-cigarettes consist of a mouthpiece, heating element, rechargeable battery, and electronic circuits. When the user inhales from the mouthpiece, a sensor activates the heating element to vaporize a flavored liquid solution contained in the cartridge. The nicotine content of the solution can range from zero to high levels. E-cigarettes were invented in 2003 by a Chinese pharmacist and have since grown in popularity, with over 460 brands now on the market. The chemical diacetyl, which was linked to 'popcorn lung' in factory workers, is still used in some e-cigarette flavors in the US, though many makers claim not to use it and it is banned in Europe.

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Vape / E-Cigarette

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An e-cigarette is a long tube that usually resembles a cigarette, a cigar, a pipe, or a pen.
Most are reusable, with replaceable and refillable cartridges, but some are disposable.
The first patent for a "smokeless, non-tobacco cigarette" was requested by Herbert A.
Gilbert in 1963, but the current device did not appear until 2003.
The e-cigarette as we know it was invented by Hon Lik, a Chinese pharmacist, working for
Golden Dragon Holdings, now known as Ruyan. The company started exporting into major
markets in 2005 to 2006. There are now over 460 different brands on the market.

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How they work
Most e-cigarettes have:
•a mouthpiece, or cartridge
•a heating element
•a rechargeable battery
•electronic circuits
As the user sucks on the mouthpiece, a sensor activates a heating element that vaporizes a
flavored, liquid solution held in the mouthpiece. The person then "vapes," or inhales, the aerosol
solution.
The nicotine content varies from zero to "extra-high," or 24 to 36 milligrams (mg) per milliliter (ml).

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The mouthpiece is a cartridge that is fixed to the end of a tube. A small plastic cup within the
mouthpiece holds an absorbent material drenched in the liquid solution.The cartridge can either be
refilled or replaced with another pre-filled cartridge when necessary.
The atomizer is a heating element that heats the liquid, causing it to vaporize. The solution can then
be breathed in, or inhaled.
The battery powers the heating element. This is normally a rechargeable, lithium-ion battery.

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The sensor activates the heater when the user sucks on the device. An LED may show when it
is activated.
The solution, also known as e-liquid or e-juice, is made by extracting nicotine from tobacco and
mixing it with a base, usually propylene glycol, and flavoring. Propylene glycol is used in
inhalers, for example, for asthma. There is a wide range of flavors to choose from, with names
such as traditional, watermelon, menthol, and lava flow.
Some flavors, such as a combination of tobacco and menthol, try to resemble traditional
cigarettes. A number of them claim to mimic specific brands.

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Your lungs are where your blood picks up oxygen before carrying it to cells in the
rest of your body. When you breathe in, air flows into your lungs through your
windpipe, or trachea. Your windpipe divides into two tubes called the bronchi, which
lead to your left and right lungs.

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Inside your lungs, those tubes split again and again, like the branches of a tree. The
smallest of those branches are called bronchioles, and they end in tiny air sacs called
alveoli. The alveoli are where the oxygen is picked up by your blood.
When you have "popcorn lung," those tiny air passages get irritated and inflamed. That
leads to scarring that makes them narrower. That makes it harder for you to get enough
air.

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What Causes Popcorn Lung?
The chemical that gave this condition its nickname is diacetyl. After workers at a factory that
packaged microwave popcorn were found to have bronchiolitis obliterans more often than other
people, some companies stopped using diacetyl as a flavoring. But it's still used in some electronic
cigarette flavors in the US. Many e-cigarette makers state they aren't using this chemical in their
products and its use in e-cigarettes is banned in Europe.

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