Setty & Associates Net Zero Building AIA Course

© All Rights Reserved | Setty & Associates, Ltd. PC | www.setty.com
Credit(s) earned on completion of this
course will be reported to AIA CES for
AIA members. Certificates of Completion
for both AIA members and non-AIA
members are available upon request.
This course is registered with AIA CES for
continuing professional education. As
such, it does not include content that
may be deemed or construed to be an
approval or endorsement by the AIA of
any material of construction or any
method or manner of
handling, using, distributing, or dealing
in any material or product.
___________________________________________
Questions related to specific materials, methods, and
services will be addressed at the conclusion of this
presentation.

Real world experience with the planning, approach, design and execution to accurately analyzing
and then building one of the largest net zero buildings in the world. This presentation will not
focus on theories or policies about net zero but how it can be done in a dense urban environment
in Washington, DC. This presentation is about how to execute, be creative and most importantly
stress the engineering power generation piece of the puzzle. The building will not sacrifice usage,
will not buy “green power” to be successful and is located in a city that will see 100 degree hot
humid days as well as sub zero snow filled months. The presentation will cover stakeholder
issues, community participation in its success and the engineering behind the school’s M/E/P
systems. Several features of this net zero building have not been done before in commercial
buildings and in many cases, this building will break new ground for the best in M/E/P
engineering systems. From the use of a massive solar array on the school to micro “ORC” power
generators to bio-fuel energy extraction systems, the school will deploy sophisticated technology
which has to be operated and maintained by the facilities staff.
COURSE DESCRIPTION

Learning Objective #1: How to Apply Net Zero to a Dense Urban Environment
Learning Objective #2: Stress the Engineering Power
Learning Objective #3: New Features in Commercial Building pertaining to Net Zero
Learning Objective #4: Breaking New Ground for M/E/P Engineering Systems
LEARNING OBJECTIVES

Professional Services
 Project Management
 Mechanical Engineering
 Electrical Engineering
 Plumbing Engineering
 Energy Modeling
 Moisture Control
 Fire Protection Engineering
 Construction Management
 Commissioning/Retro-commissioning
 Design-Build
 Peer Review
 Inspection Services
 LEED Design
 Energy Star Certifications
Specialized Experience
 High Performance Buildings
 Sustainable Design
 Federal and Military Facilities
 LEED Certified Facilities
 Approaches to NETZERO
FIRM OVERVIEW
Key Personnel Title
Years of
Experience
Boggarm Setty, PE, ASHRAE Fellow President, Principal-in-Charge 40+
Raj Setty, PE, LEED-AP, CxA President 25+
Michael Richwine, PE, CBCP Sr. Mechanical Engineer,
Project Manager 35+
Matthew Pastore Director of Commissioning,
Controls Engineer 15+
Tas Ioannidis, VP, RA Construction Manager 40+
Scott Pegler, PE,
LEED AP
Sr. Mechanical Engineer,
Project Manager 35+
Said Harmouche, CxA, LEED AP Director of Commercial Interiors
35+
Scott Pegler, PE LEED AP Sr. Mechanical Engineer,
Project Manager 35+
Prashant Joshi, PE Sr. Electrical Engineer,
Project Manager 30+
Conrad Dela Cruz, PE Sr. Electrical Engineer,
Project Manager 30+
Shari Sharafi, PE, LEED-AP, CxA Sr. Mechanical Engineer,
Project Manager 25+
Marvin Turner, RA
Sr. Architect,
Construction Manager 25+
Jeffrey Michael, LEED CEM Mechanical Engineer 5+
Dr. Demba Ndiaye, PhD, LEED,
BEMP Energy Analyst 10+
Established in 1984, Setty has a staff of 100+ dedicated
Professionals, Registered Engineers and LEED Accredited
Professionals

SETTY’S RECENT PROJECTS, COMPLETED OR UNDERWAY:
 NYPA/Yonkers ASHRAE Level 1 Building, Energy Audits, Yonkers, NY
• Hillview Pump Station
• Crisfield Pump Station
• Yonkers Avenue Pool
• Hudson River Museum
• Scholastic Academy of Academic Excellence (K-4 Grade)
• Riverside High School
• Gorton High School
• Rosemarie Ann Siragusa Elementary School
 Albert Einstein Children’s Evaluation and Rehabilitation Center, New York, NY
 GSA, Kenneth B. Keating Federal Building: Re-Commissioning, Rochester, NY
 GSA, James M. Hanley Federal Building, Syracuse, NY
 GSA, Charles L. Brieant Jr., Federal Building and Courthouse, White Plains, NY
 GSA, Emmanuel Celler Federal Courthouse, Brooklyn, NY
 Moynihan Station, New York, NY
 Social Security Administration, Buffalo, NY
 CBS Building, New York, NY
 DASNY, Energy Consulting Services, Various Locations in New York State
 NYS Office of General Services, Heating Systems Controls, New York, NY
EXPERIENCE

NET ZERO BUILDING
 Four Definitions:
1. Net Zero Site Energy Use
2. Net Zero Source Energy Use
3. Net Zero Cost
4. Net Zero Energy Emissions
 Steps to Net Zero Site Energy Use:
1. Reduce Energy Consumption
2. Offset Consumed Energy using Solar
PV and Bio-fuel Plant
 Biomass Fuel – Wood Chips – sourced
from within 5 miles of the building
OVERVIEW

Project Details
 Building type: Education: K-12 School
 Phases: Two Phases
 Scope: Complete Reconstruction
 Location: Washington, DC
 Climate Zone: ASHRAE 4A
 Gross Area: 356,000 sf
 Floors: Three
 Occupants: 2,300 people
 Envelope: Walls – R-30
Roofs – R-50
 Glazing: U-value – 0.24
Shading Co-efficient – 0.21
 Space Cooling: Chilled Water – Absorption Chiller
 Space Heating: Hot Water - Bio-Fuel Plant
 Air Side: Fan Coil Units, DOAS’s and AHU’s
 Heat Rejection: Cooling Towers
OVERVIEW
South-East View, Ballou High School
Site Plan, Ballou High School

 Building energy use highly optimized for the occupied 2,100 hours.
 Special focus on cutting down the electrical consumption during the unoccupied 6,600 hours.
 Consequential energy needs compensated through Solar PV and Bio-Fuel Organic Rankine
Cycle (ORC) Generator.
THE PATH TO NET-ZERO
Zero or Excess Energy
Supplemental
Renewable Energy
NET ZERO
BUILDING
Energy NeedsBuilding
Design
Optimized High
Performance Building
(54.26 kBtu/ft2/yr)
Passive
Systems
Active
Systems
Climate
Site
Configuration
Occupants
Energy
Generation

 A detailed study to establish the various operational schedules.
 Operational schedules tied into the controls of all the systems - shut off spaces during
unoccupied hours.
OPTIMIZATION
0.0000
0.2000
0.4000
0.6000
0.8000
1.0000
Mdnt-1
2-3am:
4-5am:
6-7am:
8-9am:
10-11am:
noon-1
2-3pm:
4-5pm:
6-7pm:
8-9pm:
10-11pm:
General-Occupy S2 WD
0.0000
0.2000
0.4000
0.6000
0.8000
1.0000
Mdnt-1
2-3am:
4-5am:
6-7am:
8-9am:
10-11am:
noon-1
2-3pm:
4-5pm:
6-7pm:
8-9pm:
10-11pm:
General-Occupy S1 All
0.0000
0.2000
0.4000
0.6000
0.8000
1.0000
Mdnt-1
2-3am:
4-5am:
6-7am:
8-9am:
10-11am:
noon-1
2-3pm:
4-5pm:
6-7pm:
8-9pm:
10-11pm:
General- InsLt S2 WD
0.0000
0.2000
0.4000
0.6000
0.8000
1.0000
Mdnt-1
2-3am:
4-5am:
6-7am:
8-9am:
10-11am:
noon-1
2-3pm:
4-5pm:
6-7pm:
8-9pm:
10-11pm:
General- InsLt S1 All
0.0000
0.2000
0.4000
0.6000
0.8000
1.0000
Mdnt-1
2-3am:
4-5am:
6-7am:
8-9am:
10-11am:
noon-1
2-3pm:
4-5pm:
6-7pm:
8-9pm:
10-11pm:
General- Misc S2 WD
0.0000
0.2000
0.4000
0.6000
0.8000
1.0000
Mdnt-1
2-3am:
4-5am:
6-7am:
8-9am:
10-11am:
noon-1
2-3pm:
4-5pm:
6-7pm:
8-9pm:
10-11pm:
General- Misc S1 All

 Developed for occupancy, lighting, plug loads, space heating and cooling and fan operations –
all tied into the controls.
 Developed for the general classrooms as well as specialty areas like the auditorium, stay
academy, cafeteria, gymnasium, natatorium and day-care.
OPTIMIZATION
60.00
64.00
68.00
72.00
76.00
80.00
84.00
88.00
Mdnt-1
2-3am:
4-5am:
6-7am:
8-9am:
10-11am:
noon-1
2-3pm:
4-5pm:
6-7pm:
8-9pm:
10-11pm:
General - Cool S2 WD
60.00
64.00
68.00
72.00
76.00
80.00
84.00
88.00
Mdnt-1
2-3am:
4-5am:
6-7am:
8-9am:
10-11am:
noon-1
2-3pm:
4-5pm:
6-7pm:
8-9pm:
10-11pm:
General - Cool S1 All
Off
On
Mdnt-1
2-3am:
4-5am:
6-7am:
8-9am:
10-11am:
noon-1
2-3pm:
4-5pm:
6-7pm:
8-9pm:
10-11pm:
General- Fan S2 WD
Off
On
Mdnt-1
2-3am:
4-5am:
6-7am:
8-9am:
10-11am:
noon-1
2-3pm:
4-5pm:
6-7pm:
8-9pm:
10-11pm:
General - Fan S1 All
60.00
64.00
68.00
72.00
76.00
80.00
84.00
88.00
Mdnt-1
2-3am:
4-5am:
6-7am:
8-9am:
10-11am:
noon-1
2-3pm:
4-5pm:
6-7pm:
8-9pm:
10-11pm:
General - Heat S2 WD
60.00
64.00
68.00
72.00
76.00
80.00
84.00
88.00
Mdnt-1
2-3am:
4-5am:
6-7am:
8-9am:
10-11am:
noon-1
2-3pm:
4-5pm:
6-7pm:
8-9pm:
10-11pm:
General - Heat S1 All

ENVELOPE
 Massive thermal capacities - R-30 on the walls and R-50 on the roofs with some small areas of
green roofs.
 Envelope commissioning and blower test pressurization testing for building leakage control.
 With an average Window to Wall Ratio of 52% - High performance glazing U-value - 0.24 and
Shading Co-efficient 0.21 on all the facades.
 Utilizing electro-chromic glazing where appropriate.
 Vertical fins.
OPTIMIZATION

LIGHTING
 LED source light fixtures - primary source of illumination in all spaces. Targeted LPD of 0.6 W/ft2.
 All interior perimeter spaces provided with wireless daylight sensors.
 Exterior building mounted fixtures controlled via photocell and time clock.
PLUG LOADS
 All equipment - minimum energy star with auto turnoff.
 Occupancy sensors – shut-off classrooms completely.
 All elevators and fitness center machines - regenerative motors.
 All classroom equipment with internal memory RAM.
OPTIMIZATION

KITCHEN
 2 to 4 times a week - meals that require no cooking - allow to keep the systems off.
 Kitchen power cut off during unoccupied hours.
 All kitchen equipment - hot water connection from the central plant.
 Kitchen freezer/fridge - water-cooled and connected to the chilled water loop.
PLUMBING
 No automatic hand dryers or flush valves in the bathrooms - avoid power draw in these spaces.
 All water coolers to be fed from the chilled water loop - avoid using electricity.
OPTIMIZATION

 Total optimized building site EUI
– 54.26 kBtu/ft2/yr
 Space heating, space cooling and
domestic hot water - 28.19
kBtu/ft2/yr
 Electricity end-uses – 26.07
kBtu/ft2/yr
OPTIMIZATION
MONTHS
HOT WATER CHILLED WATER TOTAL (HW + CHW) ELECTRICITY
MmBtu Ton-hrs MmBtu MmBtu kWh
January 732 239.17 3 735 289879
February 719 326.74 4 723 290255
March 622 1862.56 22 644 311850
April 381 8252.76 99 480 242860
May 279 84235.49 1011 1290 286809
June 151 98459.34 1182 1332 198345
July 100 70178.64 842 942 172127
August 106 70579.51 847 953 196354
September 207 86257.56 1035 1243 274920
October 382 14539.47 174 556 284914
November 451 6406.43 77 528 293431
December 638 1138.65 14 652 277097
0
50000
100000
150000
200000
250000
300000
350000
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
Electricity(kWh)
HWandCHW(MBtu)
Ballou High MBtu - HW, CHW & Electricity Demands
HOT WATER CHILLED WATER TOTAL (HW + CHW) ELECTRICITY

PV WATTS ANALYSIS
 Total Roof Area: ~120,000 sf
 PV Roof Area: 90,000 sf
 PV Panels: 240 Wp
 PV Orientation: True South
 PV Tilt: 39⁰ (Fixed)
 Generation: ~50% (of total
electricity demand)
GENERATION

 The wood chips would be used to fire a thermal oil heater. The heated thermal oil is passed
through the ORC to produce hot water and electricity.
 Hot water directly supplied to the school for space heating and kitchen requirements. Goes
through the adsorption chiller to produce chilled water for space cooling and kitchen
requirements.
GENERATION

ELECTRICITY
DEMAND AND GENERATION
NET ZERO
Months
Electricity
Consumption
Electricity
Generation PV*
Electricity
Generation ORC**
Electricity
Generation Total
Difference
(Gen - Con)
kWh kWh kWh kWh kWh
January 289879 107475 164052 271527 -18352
February 290255 111022 148176 259198 -31057
March 311850 154240 164052 318292 6442
April 242860 148002 158760 306762 63902
May 286809 148930 164052 312982 26173
June 198345 146386 158760 305146 106801
July 172127 144458 164052 308510 136384
August 196354 142893 164052 306945 110592
September 274920 136428 158760 295188 20268
October 284914 134331 164052 298383 13469
November 293431 98877 158760 257637 -35794
December 277097 97255 164052 261307 -15790
Total 3118840 1570297 1931580 3501877 383038
Notes:
* Assuming 90,000 ft2 of PV Panels oriented true-south with an array tilt of 39o.
** Assuming the ORC (AD 300) is operated at the peak rating - 24/7.
0
50000
100000
150000
200000
250000
300000
350000
Electricity(kWh)
Monthly Electricity Consumption and Generation
Electricity… Electricity… Electricity… Electricity…

HOT WATER DEMAND
GENERATION & RADIATION
NET ZERO
0.00
500.00
1000.00
1500.00
2000.00
2500.00
3000.00
3500.00
January February March April May June July August September October November December
Energy(mmBtu)
Energy - Input, Output, Required and Radiated
Biomass/Wood Chips Thermal Oil Heat Output Heat Required Heat Radiated
Months
Heat Input Heat Output Heat Required Heat Radiated
Thermal Oil Biomass/Wood Chips Hot Water
Total Hot
Water
Monthly
total
Avg. Hourly
mmBtu mmBtu tons trucks mmBtu mmBtu mmBtu mmBtu/hr
January 2395.68 2994.60 334.59 13.4 1956.72 735.36 1221.36 1.64
February 2163.84 2704.80 302.21 12.1 1767.36 722.99 1044.37 1.55
March 2395.68 2994.60 334.59 13.4 1956.72 644.20 1312.52 1.76
April 2318.40 2898.00 323.80 13.0 1893.60 479.67 1413.93 1.96
May 2395.68 2994.60 334.59 13.4 1956.72 1290.12 666.60 0.90
June 2318.40 2898.00 323.80 13.0 1893.60 1332.31 561.29 0.78
July 2395.68 2994.60 334.59 13.4 1956.72 942.28 1014.44 1.36
August 2395.68 2994.60 334.59 13.4 1956.72 952.84 1003.88 1.35
September 2318.40 2898.00 323.80 13.0 1893.60 1242.51 651.09 0.90
October 2395.68 2994.60 334.59 13.4 1956.72 556.04 1400.68 1.88
November 2318.40 2898.00 323.80 13.0 1893.60 528.28 1365.32 1.90
December 2395.68 2994.60 334.59 13.4 1956.72 652.07 1304.65 1.75
Notes:
1. Assuming ORC (AD 300) is operated for approximately 7000 hours.
2. Assuming 80% efficiency on the Biomass plant.
3. Assuming wood chips with 30% moisture content.

ELECTRICITY END-USES
NET ZERO
EEM kBtu/ft2/yr MBtu $/yr
Proposed Design 26.07* 9,319* 300,545*
* All values exclude biomass fuel consumption.
Lighting
31.6%
Misc Equip
14.4%
Space Cooling
1.3%
Heat Reject
3.2%
Pumps & Aux
36.1%
Vent Fans
11.5%
Ext Usage
2.1%

 Net-zero is achievable in an urban environment.
 This type of solution can’t be done for all buildings.
 The ORC generator requires maintenance – presence of one maintenance engineer at-least
throughout the first year.
 Lack of availability of ORC in smaller sizes
LESSONS LEARNED
Site Context, Ballou High School. Thermapower Medium Temperature
Organic Rankine Cycle Module

This concludes The American Institute of Architects
Continuing Education Systems Course
Copyright Materials
This presentation is protected by US and International Copyright laws.
Reproduction, distribution, display and use of the presentation without written
permission of the speaker is prohibited.
© Setty & Associates 2014

CONTACT US
Raj Setty, P.E., LEED AP, CxA
President
Phone: 646-253-9000
Email: rsetty@setty.com

Setty & Associates Net Zero Building AIA Course

Recommended

Recommended

More Related Content

What's hot

What's hot (20)

Viewers also liked

Viewers also liked (13)

Similar to Setty & Associates Net Zero Building AIA Course

Similar to Setty & Associates Net Zero Building AIA Course (20)

Recently uploaded

Recently uploaded (20)

Setty & Associates Net Zero Building AIA Course

Editor's Notes