The document discusses common suffixes used to modify words in English and their meanings. It explains that the suffix -y added to adjectives means "characterized by" or "like" something, while -er means "more". When added to nouns, -y refers to "an activity or place for an activity". The suffix -est intensifies adjectives to mean "most". The suffix -ly turns adjectives into adverbs to describe how something is done "in a manner". -Less added to adjectives means "without". Examples are provided to illustrate each suffix and its effect on meaning.