Battery management system

1. DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION
ENGINEERING
Battery-Management System (BMS), SOH and SOC Development for Electrical
Vehicles
BATCH -A13 GUIDE
B.Jayendranath - 20BK5A0416 Mr.G.Ravi
A.IsaacPaul - 20BK5A0404 ASSISTANT PROFESSOR
B.Prathyusha - 20BK5A0413

2. ABSTRACT
The use of green energy is becoming increasingly more important in
today’s world. Therefore, electric vehicles are currently the best choice for the environment in terms of
public and personal transportation. Because of its high energy and current density, lithium-ion
batteries are widely used in electric vehicles. Unfortunately, lithium-ion batteries can be dangerous if
they are not operated within their Safety Operation Area (SOA). Therefore, a battery management
system (BMS) must be used in every lithium-ion battery, especially for those used in electric vehicles.
The main aim of the project is to design a battery monitoring and
automatic charging system using PIC microcontroller.

3. PREVIOUS SYSTEM
 The fundamental piece of any electric vehicle (EV) is its battery. The battery must be designed to
satisfy the requirements of the motor(s) and charging system that a vehicle utilizes.
 Users will put the battery charging based on time ,due to over charging battery life will reduced.
 To over come this problem we developed a proposed system.

4. PROPOSED SYSTEM
A battery management system (BMS) is proposed which is used for electronic vehicle that manages a
rechargeable battery (cell or battery pack), such as by protecting the battery from operating outside its
safe operating area, monitoring its state using PIC microcontroller.

5. HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS
 Regulated power supply
 PIC Microcontroller.
 Temperature sensor.
 Voltage sensor.
 Buzzer.
 Three battery packs
 Three Relays.
 Charging Circuit.
 LCD display.
 LED Indicators
 Crystal oscillator
 Reset button.
 Cooling fan

6. SOFTWARE REQIREMENTS
 PIC-C compiler for Embedded C programming.
 PIC kit 2 programmer for dumping code into Micro controller.
 Express SCH for Circuit design

8. WORKING
 The controlling device of the whole system is a Raspberry pizero . The integrated modules to the controller
are temperature sensor, Battery packs along with relays ,Charger, DC Fan and LCD Module. When any of the
battery pack get drained, that battery pack get charged from the charger through relay and the voltage values
of each battery pack data is displayed on LCD module as well as it displays the temperature continuously. If
the temperature value crosses the set limit then PIC microcontroller active the buzzer for alerts and switch on
the cooling fan for battery protection.
 The MICROCONTROLLER measure the voltage from sensors and based on that it will switch on the relays
for battery charging. Here relay works as a switch to on/off the charging connection