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Introduction to Philosophy and Critical Thinking
By:- Israr K. Raja
Islamabad, Pakistan
Ideas
Meaning of Ideas in Philosophy
 In philosophy, ideas are usually taken as mental
representational images of some object.
 Ideas can also be abstract concepts that do not present as mental
images.
 Many philosophers have considered ideas to be a
fundamental ontological category of being.
 The capacity to create and understand the meaning of ideas is
considered to be an essential and defining feature of human
beings.
 In a popular sense, an idea arises in a reflexive, spontaneous
manner, even without thinking or serious reflection, for
example, when we talk about the idea of a person or a place.
 A new or original idea can often lead to innovation.
Definitions of Idea
 René Descartes wrote the meaning of idea as an image or representation
 John Locke defines idea as "that term which, I think, serves best to stand for
whatsoever is the object of the understanding when a man thinks.
 David Hume differs from Locke by limiting idea to the more or less vague
mental reconstructions of perceptions, the perceptual process being described
as an "impression.“
 Immanuel Kant defines an idea as opposed to a concept. "Regulative ideas" are
ideals that one must tend towards, but by definition may not be completely
realized.
 Liberty, according to Kant, is an idea.
 Wilhelm Wundt defined the Idea as a conscious representation of some object
or process of the external world. In so doing, he includes not only ideas
of memory and imagination, but also perceptual processes.
 C. S. Peirce defined a clear idea (in his study he uses concept and idea as
synonymic) is defined as one, when it is apprehended such as it will be
recognized wherever it is met, and no other will be mistaken for it. If it fails of
this clearness, it is said to be obscure.
Definitions of Idea
 G. F. Stout and J. M. Baldwin define Idea as "the
reproduction with a more or less adequate image, of an
object not actually present to the senses.“ an idea and a
perception are by various authorities contrasted in various
ways. "Difference in degree of intensity", "comparative
absence of bodily movement on the part of the subject",
"comparative dependence on mental activity", are
suggested by psychologists as characteristic of an idea as
compared with a perception.
 It should be observed that an idea, in the narrower and
generally accepted sense of a mental reproduction, is
frequently composite (made up of several parts or
elements).
Characteristics of a Idea
 It must be workable. ...
 It must be something you are passionate about. ...
 It must be likable. ...
 It must be spreadable. ...
 It must have advantages over other things. ...
 It must be measurable. ...
 It must have a story.
Idea Vs Concept
Idea: Concept:
 In design, The initial spark
or beginnings of a concept.
 In philosophy, ideas are
usually construed as mental
representational images of
some object.
 Ideas can also be abstract
 In design, A presentation
document with enough detail
to show that the design has
been fully researched, designed
and evaluated to meet the brief.
With as little 'Don't knows' as
possible.
 A concept in Philosophy is
instantiated (reified/ more
real) by all of its actual or
potential instances, whether
these are things in the real world
or other ideas.
Idea VS Perception
Idea Perception
 Idea is (in philosophy) an
abstract archetype/example
of a given thing, compared to
which real-life examples are
seen as imperfect
approximations; pure
essence, as opposed to actual
examples
 Perception (from the Latin
perceptio) is the
organization, identification,
and interpretation of sensory
information in order to
represent and understand the
presented information, or the
environment.
Concept, Perception, Notion
 Concept
 a formed idea that usually can be communicated
 Perception
 the way in which you envision or see something, and
this can be an object or an idea
 Notion
 similar to a concept, but more often having an opinion
or judgement
References
 https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/descartes-ideas/
 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idea
 https://visionofsuccess.com/8-characteristics-of-a-
great-idea/
 http://images.slideplayer.com/27/8966655/slides/slide
_26.jpg
 https://hinative.com/en-US/questions/2320765

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Defination of Idea.pptx

  • 1. Introduction to Philosophy and Critical Thinking By:- Israr K. Raja Islamabad, Pakistan
  • 3. Meaning of Ideas in Philosophy  In philosophy, ideas are usually taken as mental representational images of some object.  Ideas can also be abstract concepts that do not present as mental images.  Many philosophers have considered ideas to be a fundamental ontological category of being.  The capacity to create and understand the meaning of ideas is considered to be an essential and defining feature of human beings.  In a popular sense, an idea arises in a reflexive, spontaneous manner, even without thinking or serious reflection, for example, when we talk about the idea of a person or a place.  A new or original idea can often lead to innovation.
  • 4. Definitions of Idea  René Descartes wrote the meaning of idea as an image or representation  John Locke defines idea as "that term which, I think, serves best to stand for whatsoever is the object of the understanding when a man thinks.  David Hume differs from Locke by limiting idea to the more or less vague mental reconstructions of perceptions, the perceptual process being described as an "impression.“  Immanuel Kant defines an idea as opposed to a concept. "Regulative ideas" are ideals that one must tend towards, but by definition may not be completely realized.  Liberty, according to Kant, is an idea.  Wilhelm Wundt defined the Idea as a conscious representation of some object or process of the external world. In so doing, he includes not only ideas of memory and imagination, but also perceptual processes.  C. S. Peirce defined a clear idea (in his study he uses concept and idea as synonymic) is defined as one, when it is apprehended such as it will be recognized wherever it is met, and no other will be mistaken for it. If it fails of this clearness, it is said to be obscure.
  • 5. Definitions of Idea  G. F. Stout and J. M. Baldwin define Idea as "the reproduction with a more or less adequate image, of an object not actually present to the senses.“ an idea and a perception are by various authorities contrasted in various ways. "Difference in degree of intensity", "comparative absence of bodily movement on the part of the subject", "comparative dependence on mental activity", are suggested by psychologists as characteristic of an idea as compared with a perception.  It should be observed that an idea, in the narrower and generally accepted sense of a mental reproduction, is frequently composite (made up of several parts or elements).
  • 6. Characteristics of a Idea  It must be workable. ...  It must be something you are passionate about. ...  It must be likable. ...  It must be spreadable. ...  It must have advantages over other things. ...  It must be measurable. ...  It must have a story.
  • 7. Idea Vs Concept Idea: Concept:  In design, The initial spark or beginnings of a concept.  In philosophy, ideas are usually construed as mental representational images of some object.  Ideas can also be abstract  In design, A presentation document with enough detail to show that the design has been fully researched, designed and evaluated to meet the brief. With as little 'Don't knows' as possible.  A concept in Philosophy is instantiated (reified/ more real) by all of its actual or potential instances, whether these are things in the real world or other ideas.
  • 8. Idea VS Perception Idea Perception  Idea is (in philosophy) an abstract archetype/example of a given thing, compared to which real-life examples are seen as imperfect approximations; pure essence, as opposed to actual examples  Perception (from the Latin perceptio) is the organization, identification, and interpretation of sensory information in order to represent and understand the presented information, or the environment.
  • 9.
  • 10. Concept, Perception, Notion  Concept  a formed idea that usually can be communicated  Perception  the way in which you envision or see something, and this can be an object or an idea  Notion  similar to a concept, but more often having an opinion or judgement
  • 11. References  https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/descartes-ideas/  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idea  https://visionofsuccess.com/8-characteristics-of-a- great-idea/  http://images.slideplayer.com/27/8966655/slides/slide _26.jpg  https://hinative.com/en-US/questions/2320765