Explain Routing?

1. Explain Routing
Assi. Prof. Sejal Jadav

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3. Q: Explain Routing.
● Routing is the process of selecting best paths in a network.
Definition - What does Routing mean?
● Routing refers to establishing the routes that data packets take
on their way to a particular destination.
● This term can be applied to data traveling on the Internet, over
3G or 4G networks, or over similar networks used for telecom
and other digital communications setups.
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• Routing is performed for many kinds of networks,
including the telephone network (circuit
switching),electronic data networks (such as the
Internet), and transportation networks.

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Q: Explain Routing Scenario.
• In packet switching networks, routing directs packet
forwarding
(the transit of logically addressed network packets
from their source toward their ultimate destination)
through intermediate nodes.

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• Intermediate nodes are typically network hardware
devices such as routers, bridges, gateways, firewalls,
or switches.
• General-purpose computers can also forward
packets and perform routing, though they are not
specialized hardware.

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• The routing process usually directs forwarding on the
basis of routing tables which maintain a record of
the routes to various network destinations.
• Thus, constructing routing tables, which are held in
the router's memory, is very important for efficient
routing.
• Most routing algorithms use only one network path at
a time.

8. Routing table
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Q: Give the Types of Routing.
• The difference between static route and dynamic route is as
below.
1) Default Routing:
• This is the method where all routers are configured to send all
packets towards a single router.
• This is a very useful method for small networks .
• It is usually used in addition to Static and/or Dynamic routing.

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1.Static Routing:
• static routing, the administrator is responsible for the creation,
maintenance and updating of the routing table.
• Simply we can say a static route is a route that is created manually
by a network administrator.

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• The information about the networks that are directly
connected to the active router interfaces are added to
the routing table initially and they are known as
connected routes.

12. ● Static routes are normally implemented in those
situations where the choices in route selection are
limited,
or
there is only a single default route available.
Also, static routing can be used,
if you have only few devices for route configuration and
there is no need for route change in the future.
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Advantages
• Static routes are simple and quick to configure.
• Static routing is supported on all routing devices and
all routers.
• Static routes are easy to predict and understand in
small networks.

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Disadvantages
• Static routes require extensive planning and have high
management overhead.
• The more routers exist in a network, the more routes
that need to be configured, Static routes do not
dynamically adapt to network topology changes or
equipment failures.
• Static routing does not scale well in large networks.

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2. Dynamic Routing:
Definition - What does Dynamic Routing mean?
• Dynamic routing is a networking technique that
provides best data routing.
• Unlike static routing, dynamic routing enables
routers to select paths according to real-time logical
network layout changes.

16. • In dynamic routing , the router is responsible for the
creation, maintenance and updating of the dynamic
routing table.
• In static routing, all these jobs are manually done by the system
administrator.
• Dynamic routing uses multiple algorithms and protocols.
• The most popular are Routing Information Protocol (RIP) and Open
Shortest Path First (OSPF).
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17. ● The cost of routing is a critical factor for all
organizations.
● The least-expensive routing technology is provided
by dynamic routing, which automates table changes
and provides the best paths for data transmission.
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18. ● Typically, dynamic routing protocol operations can be explained as follows:
● The router delivers and receives the routing messages on the router
interfaces.
● The routing messages and information are shared with other routers,
which use exactly the same routing protocol.
● the routers' CPUs and RAM may also face additional loads as a result of
routing protocols.
● dynamic routing is less secure than static routing.
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Advantages
• Administrator has less work maintaining the configuration when
adding or deleting networks.
• Protocols automatically react to the topology changes.
• Configuration is less error.

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Disadvantages
• Router resources are used (CPU cycles, memory and
link bandwidth).
• More administrator knowledge is required for
configuration, verification, and troubleshooting.