Webinar "Global Standardisation"; 10 June 2020

1. Smart Containers need global data standards
to thrive
Jaco Voorspuij, Senior Manager Transport & Logistics, GS1
10th June 2020, Webinar “Global Standardisation”

2. © GS1 2020
Introducing GS1
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GS1 is a global standards organisation
Neutral and
not-for-profit
User-driven
and governed
Global
and local
Open and
collaborative
1.5 million companies use GS1 standards
100 million products carry GS1 barcodes
10+ billion GS1 barcodes are scanned every day
Since
1974

3. © GS1 2020
GS1 standards high level overview
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IMOVN BIC

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Introduction UN/CEFACT
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• Global standardisation organisation
• Subsidiary of intergovernmental body of the
United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE)
• Decades of experience developing global standards
• Members are experts from
intergovernmental organizations,
individual countries' authorities and also from
the business community
• Best known products are UN/EDIFACT EDI message standards used by many
organizations all over the world
• There are many more

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Smart Container – a Collaborative Effort
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• Smart Container project combined expertise from many experts who are
active in a wide range of standardisation organisations such as
UN/CEFACT, GS1, IMO, BIC, ISO, WCO and IATA
• Contributions from well known organisations like
FedEx, Hapag-Lloyd, Traxens, Nexxiot, GlobeTracker, Marine Traffic,
• Contributions also from representatives from cross border agencies
e.g. Brazil, USA, Australia, Italy
Recent results:
Business Requirements Specification “Smart Containers”
White Paper “Smart Containers”

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What is this Smart Container BRS?
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• A smart container is “a container equipped with an IoT” device.
• An IoT device in this context is
any device that takes measurements that may be used determine the condition
of the cargo or the environment around the cargo
• The BRS focusses on the intermodal container but the concepts and processes
described will also largely apply for any type of container e.g. ULD in Air cargo
• The BRS describes 22 Use Cases that may benefit from using smart container
standards
• The BRS is the basis for information exchange standards to be used for smart
container data
• These future standards build on existing standards; some are indicated in the
BRS, to be further defined in next step (Data Modelling).

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Why should you care?
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• Containers are used to transport nearly every
type of cargo.
• ALL industries that rely on transportation of
physical goods, rely on containerized
transportation somewhere in their Value
Chain.
• Customer Experience is becoming more and
more important in BOTH B2C AND B2B.
• You need to know where your Goods are
and the condition that they are in.
Smart Containers are the answer

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What are the smart container Use Cases?
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• Asset management:
Empty Gate In/Out; Depot reconciliation;
Container daily status message; PTI on
demand for reefer;
• Transportation Planning and execution
ETA update; Actual executed Transit Time;
Trip tracking inland haulage; Shipment
identification; Intermodal transfer;
• Transport Execution Exceptions
Schedule deviation alert; Unexpected door
opening; Missing container on board
vessel; Short-shipped container;
Overlanded container;
• Cargo Condition monitoring
Unexpected change in e.g. Temperature or
Humidity ; Unexpected container
movement e.g. vibration or shock; Dry
container temperature monitoring;
• Security, Compliance and Cross-Border
Contract compliance container routing;
Cross border fast lane enabling;
• Other
Port infrastructure monitoring; Additional
sensors ad-hoc or fixed

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What are the smart container Use Cases?
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• Asset management:
Empty Gate In/Out; Depot reconciliation;
Container daily status message; PTI on
demand for reefer;
• Transportation Planning and execution
ETA update; Actual executed Transit Time;
Trip tracking inland haulage; Shipment
identification; Intermodal transfer;
• Transport Execution Exceptions
Schedule deviation alert; Unexpected door
opening; Missing container on board
vessel; Short-shipped container;
Overlanded container;
• Cargo Condition monitoring
Unexpected change in e.g. Temperature or
Humidity ; Unexpected container
movement e.g. vibration or shock; Dry
container temperature monitoring;
• Security, Compliance and Cross-Border
Contract compliance container routing;
Cross border fast lane enabling;
• Other
Port infrastructure monitoring; Additional
sensors ad-hoc or fixed

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Why adopt common global standards?
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• Containers travel across global networks
• Global networks consist of large numbers of very diverse players
We need standards independent from solution provider,
shipper, shipping line or any other stakeholder
• Common unambiguous identification keys across players eliminate
confusion and need for remarking
• Common standards for “marking” the ID Keys enable easily reading the ID
Key from the smart container
• Common Data Sharing standards ensure
easy access to information for all relevant stakeholders
to enable situational awareness and
data driven decision making

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Conclusion
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Global standards are a pre-condition to
fully realizing benefits of Smart Containers
• Use the UN/CEFACT BRS when considering a smart container
project
• Check UN/CEFACT and GS1 sites for further information on global
standards that may be applicable in your project
• Experts from global standards organizations are keen to help
you design and implement your smart container projects

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Semantics visualised
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Current status
• Reference Data Model (RDM) completed
• Will be included in Release 20A of UN/CEFACT (publication imminent)
• Core Component Library (CCL) and RDM (classes and data-elements)
• LARGEST update to UN/CEFACT CCL and RDM in many years
• Covers among others
• Geographical features (may be identified with GLN)
• May be linked with Locations (GLN)
• May be linked with geofences (triggering actions in T&L operations and processes)
• Setting operational ranges for sensors (proper functioning; master data)
• Setting control parameters for sensors (for a specific trip/cargo content)
• Exchanges related to measurements
• Configuration management
linking Containers, IoT devices, sensors <embedded / remote>
• To-Do for Release 20B e.g. Master Message structures, Code Lists,
Guidelines
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UN/CEFACT Cross Industry
Supply Chain Track and
Trace Project Kick-off meeting
17/04/2020

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Cross Industry Supply Chain Track & Trace
Project Scope
The scope of the project is tracing (monitoring the history of a traceable asset) and tracking
(monitoring the present and future movements of the asset). Business cases supported by
these processes are business to business concerning products, events within a country or
trans-border events. A traceable asset can be any item (for example an object, a product or
other traded item or a service) that needs to be tracked along a supply chain.
This requires a high level of organization in the supply chain, i.e. assets or a group of assets
(such as a lot, pallet or container) can be tagged, traced and the
information can be made available in electronic format.
The definition of traceability is to retrieve information about locations and events,
what happened to the assets). The information exchanged
concerns with trade, transport and/or their products.
The outputs will be the harmonized XML schemas to support the business process.
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Problem Statement
Where is the product at any time?
And in what condition?
 Regardless how it is packaged (box, pallet, container, etc.)
 The history of the asset is part of the project (even empty)
 The end-user's expectations are getting higher:
requiring better quality, more visibility, better services and
more control of their supply chain.
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Mission Statement
• The mission of this project is to enable tracing, tracking and monitoring of products
(or assets) and to enable information sharing in standard electronic format.
• Scenarios will be defined to explain the data that will be generated and captured
concerning products or other traded items (e.g. lots).
• To trace, track and monitor any traded items we may have to trace transport
equipment/assets (e.g. pallet, container) also.
• The focus is on logistics services (enhancing visibility, preserving quality) to transport
the traded goods between the seller and the buyer.
• The outputs will be the harmonized XML schemas to support the business processes.
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SELLER
Buyer

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Definitions
Where is the product at any time?
And in what condition?
 The assets can be the products and/or transport equipment
 The tracing is knowing the history of the asset (any time)
 The tracking is knowing where is the asset at a specific time
 The monitoring is knowing the physical condition of the asset
 My asset should have a unique identifier (in e.g. a barcode, RFID, IoT device)
 A lot is an attribute to a traded item!
An identifier assigned to a collection of products / traded items.
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Reporting
Milestones or Event Exceptions
- Milestones are agreed on in advance –
enabling fixed reporting
- Event exceptions happen in unpredictable fashion –
enabling ad-hoc reporting (which may be contractual or not)
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Out of scope
 No Regulatory Compliance within the country and/or at border control
As well as:
 Not Farm-to-Fork
 Not at manufacturing processes that precede the sales of goods.
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Three Project Deliverables
 Business Requirements Specification (BRS) detailing the Business
Process Models of Cross Industry Track and Trace
 Message structures (as class diagrams) for the business transactions of
Cross Industry Track and Trace
 XML Schemas
 NO CHOREOGRAPHY / Application Standard in GS1 terms
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List of Initial Contributions
• BRS Product traceability data exchange Process 1.0, issued September 2017.
• BRS Animal traceability data exchange v1.2, issued April 2017
• BRS Cargo tracing and tracking process v.25, issued July 2012
• BRS Mapping Cargo Tracing and Tracking v0.2, issued July 2010.
• Harmonized BIEs of UN/CEFACT CCL.
• Published SCRDM & MMT RDM, based on the latest CCL.
• Published document-centric XML schemas concerning Animal and Product traceability, based on the
latest CCL.
• Procedures for Reference Data Model (RDM) & Associated Artefacts Publication, draft v1.0.0.9.
• UN ECE TRADE Traceability For SustainableTrade
• GS1/ISO EPCIS standard
• In progress UN/CEFACT Projects : Smart Container, Buy-Ship-Pay, RDM, Electronic Interchange
of fisheries catch data (FLUX), Sustainable Textile and Leather Traceability and Transparency project
BRS: Business Requirement Specifications
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For further enquiries
Jaco Voorspuij, sr. manager Transport & Logistics, Global Office
jaco.voorspuij@gs1.org