This ppt. is about Gadaba Tribe of Odisha.This was made after visiting IGRMS as a part of our curriculum activities at IIFM,Bhopal. Thanks to my Team mates..!!

1. GADABA TRIBAL
Presented By :
Abhishek Kumar-17051
Ankita Akodia-17056
Vikesh-17094
Gurjeet Singh Rana-17061
Jimmi Nery Tirkey-17064
Pratyush Kumar-17075

2. Introduction :-
• Gadaba is one of the prominent tribe of Orissa
and Andhra pradesh.
• It is considered as one of the oldest,jovial and
most colorful tribes in India.
• There are two main types of Gadabas :-
Bodo Gadaba
Sana Gadaba
• This tribe is mainly found in blocks of Lamatput,
Semiliguda, Potangi and Nandapur district of
Koraput district.

3. Origin :-
1. There is no precise theory to prove the origin of Gadaba tribe in
India but it is believed that they derive their community name
Godavari (a river flowing through AP) or from goda (an Oriya
word meaning brook)
2. It is also believed that their ancestors emigrated from the banks of
river of Godavari and settled in Nandapur (presently known as
Koraput district in Orissa )
3. Another theory states that they migrated from Godavari valley to
settle eventually in Gadabpada, a village in Lamatput block of
Koraput, wherefrom they again migrated to different places of the
district in search of land.
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4. Classification
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5. Language :-
1. Bodo and sana gadaba have their own dialect
called “Gutab”or”Gutob”.
2. They also use local Odia language.
3. The Bodo Gadabas still speak the tribes original
Gutab language of the Munda language family.
4. The Sana and Olaro/Ollar Gadabas converse in
what they call the Olaro tongue of the Dravidian
language family.
5. Most Gadabas can also speak Desia, the Koraput
tribal version of Oriya as well as Telugu.
6. So,mostly Gadabas are trilingual or bilingual.

6. Population Distribution :-
1. Total population of Gadaba tribe in
India - 116,323
2. Orissa (62.74%) ,Andhra Pradesh
(31.2), Chhattishgarh (5.43%) and
Madhya Pradesh (0.81%)
3. In Orissa Koraput
(80.23%),Malkanagiri (14.60%),
Nabarangapur (03.44%)
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7. Gutub :-
1. Gadaba’s establish their village in the lap of
nature always surrounded by green patches and
stretches long on a hill side.
2. Agriculture is the prime livelihood option for
many Gadabas.
3. Many jackfruit, mango trees, tamarind trees,
banyan trees etc. in there village.
4. Village headman (Nayak) settles the problems of
villagers, passes his judgment for any conflicting
situation
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8. House
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1. Gadaba’s establish their village in the lap of nature
always surrounded by green patches and stretches long
on a hill side.
2. Agriculture is the prime livelihood option for many
Gadabas.
3. Many jackfruit, mango trees, tamarind trees, banyan
trees etc. in there village.
4. Village headman (Nayak) settles the problems of
villagers, passes his judgment for any conflicting
situation

9. 1. Use very scanty clothes.
2. Women wear long strip of clothes commonly called as
‘kerang’(prepared from kerang fibre).Tie around the
waist and second piece of clothes worn across the
breast.
3. Men use a small piece of loin clothes called
“Lunguti”with a flap hangs dawn in front.use gamcha
and lungi.
4. Men and women tie their hair with linseed oil and
decorate with forestry flowers and different ornaments.
Appearance
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10. Ornaments :
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1. Wear number of ornaments made of brass and aluminum.
2. Traditional peasants jewellery for its eloquent design.
3. Even the poorest gadaba women wear ornaments.
4. Gadaba male prefer wearing rings in their fingers,bracelets in their
wrist and ear-rings (guna).
5. Women uses different types of hair pins and wear ear rings ,nose
rings and finger rings made with coins.
6. hair clips (khosa dang),big silver neck rings(khagla),nose
rings(dandi),black necklace(Taitul),Red necklace(Bandara),Long
necklace made up of Ghunghuru(Bid /ghagara)

11. Food :-
1. The Gadabas depend on the forests for various food items like fruits,
roots, stems,wild tubers, etc. But due to rapid deforestation, the
availability of food items fromthe forest is now on the decline.
2. Eat boiled rice ,curry and a glass of gruel(Pej) made up of ragi flour.
3. ‘pej ’is the most famous food for all gadabas ,staple food made up of
ragi locally called as mandia.
4. They eat boiled rice along with different varieties of pulses ,currying
chutney of tamarind, mango and other roots.
5. During festival time they take non-veg food like fishes,chicken and
mutton.
6. Drinking of liquor (pendam) is considered as sacred.
7. They regularly take liquor.
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12. Dance and music :-
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1. Gadabas are fond of dance and music.
2. Inspite of grave poverty they try to retain
their rich and unique heritage of dance and
music ,forms an integral part of day to day
life.
3. Their dance is famously known as “Dhemsa
dance”(performed by women wearing famous
kerang saree).
4. Musical instrument- Big drums,Tal mudi
baja,madal,flutes,tamak and mahuri.
5. They compose their own song befitting
different occasions and sings these songs
while singing.

13. 6.Sometime they form a ring by joining hands all round
and with a long hop spring towards the center and they
hop back to the full extent of theirs arms ,while at the
same time keeping circling round and round.
7.They sing melodious songs either in Gutob or ollar
language.
8.Their songs and dance bring integration among their in
the field ,forest and village.
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Contd.

14. Festivals and Gods
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1. The festivals, ceremonies at home and in the Gadaba village
are a regular event followed from generation.
2. The important festivals are Gutor Parab, Bandapana Parab,
Dasahara Parab, Pusha Parab, and Chaita Parab.
3. Before 14/15 days of celebration of festivals, Gadabas under
the leadership and guidance of headman (Naik),Priest (Pujari)
and Astrologer (Dissari) decide the date of the festival so that
all community members can make the necessary
arrangements.
4. they have the rituals related to land, man and God.
5. They also performed rituals to liberate evil spirit (Dumas) of
ancestor and seek their blessing and co-operation.

15. Contd.
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1. The various operation of seeds, ceremonial germination
of seeds of the village, ploughing, seed sowing,
protection from diseases, harvesting, thrashing and
new crop eating ceremonies, new fruit eating are
important.
2. They also believe in Palata Bagha phenomena where
Gadabas think that some evil people due to their
witchcraft can turn to tigers and kill and eat people and
then change to original human form. To overcome this
kind of evil sorcery they perform many rituals and
animal sacrifices.
3. Gadabas believe in many Gods and Goddesses. The
chief among them is called Thakurani. They have their
clan gods who are worshipped in different occasions.
The place of the Thakurani is called Hundi. She is
represented by slabs of stone and worshipped by
Dishari

16. Marriage and Family
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1. Gadabas marriage is always viewed as a sacred
institution.
2. The concept of Bride Price(Jala Dabu) prevails in their
community.
3. They follow exogamous form of marriage and are not
allowed to marry within the same clan (Gotra).
4. They follow various forms of marriage like marriage by
negotiation (Ludiringnaie), marriage by capture (Ann
Ringnaie), Marriage by service (Samandhi Denka Ludki
Nangien) etc.
5. Gadabas have nuclear family setup.
6. After marriage a married Gadaba son is separated from
his parents and inhabits in a separate nuclear family.

17. 17
Occupation:-
1. Agriculture (61%)is the prime livelihood
option for many Gadabas.
2. Every Gadaba village is always
surrounded by cultivated lands.
3. Besides agriculture, they depend on wage
labour (23.67%) as the next important
source of their livelihood.

18. Findings and Learning
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The Bise
Young Boys
and Girls
Dormitories
Sodor Headsman
Flow of
Energy
Environmental
Adaptations
No
Windows
Round Plans

19. Contd.
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Environmental
adaptations Doors
Terrace
farming
Equality Villagers Women
Dilution of
Culture
Ear
Rings,
Clothes*
Round
Plans

20. Suggestions
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• Role of Individuals
• Role of InstitutionsTeaching
• Utilization of Technology
• Promotion of Indigenous Story TellersResources
• Virtual Tours
• Creation of Livelihood OpportunitiesTours

21. THANK YOU
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