introduction to quantum computer(20 min seminar)

1. Quantum computer
Presentation by Jay Patel
BCA(sem-6)
Year 2016-17
DUIAS,VALSAD

2. What is quantum computer?
• A quantum computer is a machine that
performs calculations based on the laws of
quantum mechanics

3. Introduction
• Processor is an important part of computer it helps
the computer to perform various tasks
• Processor is made up of numerous transistors

4. Introduction
• The work of
transistors is simple it
acts like switch which
allows to pass
current
• It is basically like a
switch

5. Introduction
• The size of a transistors
have gradually
decreased through years
and is predicted that it
will become a size of an
atom

6. Quantum tunnelling
• Tunnelling is a quantum mechanical effect.
A tunnelling current occurs when electrons move through a
barrier that they classically shouldn't be able to move
through. In classical terms, if you don't have enough energy to
move "over" a barrier, you won't.

7. Qubit
• In normal computers , bits are smallest unit
of information which is either 0 or 1
• Whereas quantum computers use quantum
bit which is also know as qubit
• it can take on two value simultaneously, 0
and 1. this characteristic expands of
producing parallel calculation

8. Quantum superposition
• An electron has dual nature
• It can exhibit as a particle and also as wave
• Wave exhibits a phenomenon known as
superposition of waves
• This phenomenon allows the addition of waves
numerically
• Superposition occur all the time at the quantum
level
• i.e. any quantum object like a electron or photons
is in superposition.

9. Decoherence
• As the number of qubit the increases the
influence of external environment disturb the
system
• This cause the states in the computer to
change in a way that is completely unintended
and is unpredictable rendering the computer
useless

10. Quantum entanglement
• In quantum mechanics it sometimes occurs
that a measurement of one particle will effect
the state of another particle even though
classically there is no direct interactions
• When this happens the state of the two
particles is said to be entangled

11. Quantum parrellism
• It is a method in which a quantum computer
is able to perform two or more computations
simultaneously
• In classical computers parallel computing is
performed by having several processors linked
together
• In a quantum computer a single quantum
processor is able to perform computation on
its own

12. Quantum parrellism
• Parallelism allows a quantum computer to
work on many compulation at once

13. Quantum networking
• One possible use of quantum computers is
that of networking both intranet and internet
• Quantum teleportation using light beams may
be able to carry a great deal of information
• But the issue in this is creating large enough of
light in both locations sending and receiving to
send all the data in reasonable time

14. Encryption
• Current encryption methods work by factoring
small numbers which is easy
• Current encryption numbers use over 400
digits in size which today's computer will take
billions years to process
• A quantum computers will take seconds to
calculate these numbers

15. Need for quantum computers
• That is roughly 200 times smaller than Intel's
brand new architecture
• Would be very useful in research and
algorithm computation
• Database searching : to find something in a
database, a normal computer may have to test
every single one of its entries. Quantum
algorithms need only square root of that time

16. Future prospects
• When processor components reach atomic
scale Moore's law breaks down
• Quantum effects become important whether
we want them or not
• But huge obstacle in building a practical
quantum computer

17. Conclusion
• Quantum computing could provide a radical
change in the way computation is performed
• Classical computer will be larger than
quantum computers for the future

18. References
• https://en.wikipedia.org
• http://www.nova.org.au
• https://www.slideshare.net