Hypertention PDF

2.  There are two types of hypertension:
 Primary: High blood pressure that is not
related to another medical condition.
 Secondary: Another medical condition that
causes high blood pressure, usually occurring
in the kidneys, arteries, heart, or endocrine
system. Examples include: Sleep problems
like sleep apnea.

3. Things that can increase your risk of getting high
blood pressure
 are overweight
 eat too much salt and do not eat enough fruit and
vegetables
 do not do enough exercise
 drink too much alcohol or coffee (or other caffeine-
based drinks)
 smoke
 do not get much sleep or have disturbed sleep
 are over 65
 have a relative with high blood pressure
 are of black African or black Caribbean descent
 live in a deprived area

4.  Symptoms of Severe High Blood Pressure
 If your blood pressure is extremely high, there may
be certain symptoms to look out for, including:
 Severe headaches
 Nosebleed
 Fatigue or confusion
 Vision problems
 Chest pain
 Difficulty breathing
 Irregular heartbeat
 Blood in the urine
 Pounding in your chest, neck, or ears

5. Tests
 Ambulatory monitoring. This 24-hour blood
pressure monitoring test is used to confirm if
you have high blood pressure.
 Lab tests. Your doctor may recommend a
urine test (urinalysis) and blood tests,
including a cholesterol test.
 Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG).
 Echocardiogram.

6.  Elevated Blood Pressure. Elevated blood
pressure is blood pressure that is slightly
higher than normal.
 Diabetes.
 Unhealthy Diet.
 Physical Inactivity.
 Obesity.
 Too Much Alcohol.
 Tobacco Use.
 Genetics and Family History.

7.  Eat a Healthy Diet
 Keep Yourself at a Healthy Weight
 Be Physically Active
 Do Not Smoke
 Limit How Much Alcohol You Drink
 Get Enough Sleep
 Reduce stress
 Exercise regularly
 Reduce salt (sodium) in your diet

8.  Reducing and managing Stress
 Regularly check up blood pressure
 Treating high blood pressure
 Managing others medical Condition

9.  First-line medications used in the treatment
of hypertension include diuretics,
angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)
inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers
(ARBs), beta-blockers, and calcium channel
blockers (CCBs). Some patients will require 2
or more antihypertensive medications to
achieve their BP target.