About cancer

2. PRESENTATION BY
 INDRAJIT MAJI

3. WHAT IS CANCER ?
 “Cancer are large family of disease that
involve abnormal cell growth with the
potential to invade or spread to other part of
the body”.
 “Cancer is a disease where cells grow out of
control or invade, and destroy normal tissue”.

4. THERE ARE TWO TYPES OF CANCER :
 Malignant tumors spread to other part of
the body.
 Benign tumors stay in one place.

5. DIFFERRENT BETWEEN MALIGNANT & BENNIGN
TUMORS ?
Malignant
tumors
Benign tumors
Rate of growth Fast or rapid Slow
Nature of
growth
Invades and
destroy
surrounding
normal tissue
Compress
surrounding
normal tissue
Spread Easily spread Not spread
Capsule Non-capsulated capsulated

6. MAJOR CATEGORIES OF CANCER
 Carcinoma
• Arises from the epithelial cells lining the internal
surface of various organs(e.g. Mouth, oesophagus,
uterus)
 Sarcoma
• Arises from the mesodermal cells constituting the
various connective tissues(e.g. Fibrous tissue,bone)
 Leukemia
• Arising from the cells of the bone marrow and
immune system.

7. TYPES OF CANCER
 Lung cancer
 Breast cancer
 Colon and rectal cancer
 Endometrial cancer
 Pancreatic cancer
 Kidney cancer
 Prostrate cancer
 Thyroid cancer
 leukemia

8. CAUSES OF CANCER
 Environmental factors
 Tobacco
 Alcohol
 Dietary factors
 Occupational exposures
 Viruses
 Parasites
 Customs, habits, lifestyles
 Others- sunlight, pollution,
drugs
 Genetic
 Retinoblastoma in
children
 Leukemia in
mongols

9. SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
 Change in bowel habits or bladder functions
 Sores that do not heal
 Unusual bleeding or discharge
 Lumps or thickening of breast or others part of the body
 Indigestion or difficulty swallowing
 Recent change in wart or mole
 Persistent coughing or hoarseness

10. DIAGNOSIS
 Screening
 Self examinations
 Biopsy
 X-rays, CT scans, MRI scans, PET scans, PET scans, and
ultrasound scans
 Molecular diagnostic test
 Blood test
 Liver function test

11. TREATMENT
 Surgery
 Chemotherapy
 Radiation therapy

12.  Surgery is the removal of the tumor and surrounding
tissue during an operation. A doctor who specializes
in treatment cancer using surgery is called a surgery
oncologist. Surgery i0s the oldest type of cancer
therapy and remains an effective treatment for many
types of cancer today.
SURGERY

13. CHEMOMOTHERAPY
 Drugs used to kill cancer cells; disrupt some
aspect of cell division.
 Toxic to healthy cells; hair, bone, marrow,
lymphocytes and epithelial cells of intestinal
lining.

14. RADIATION THERAPY
 High energy rays are used to kill cancer
cells.
 Stop them from growing and dividing.
 Radiotherapy is a local treatment; it can
affect cancer cells only in the treated area.

15. PREVENTION
 Eating a healthy diet.
 Exercising regularly.
 Limiting alcohol.
 Maintaining a healthy weight.
 Minimizing your exposure to radiation and
toxic chemicals.
 Not smoking or chewing tobacco.
 Reducing sun exposure, especially if you
burn easily.

16. CONCLUSION
Hence cancer is second leading cause of
deaths following heart diseases one should
care about its prevention before the
occurrences of disease by varies
examination and if disease is already exist
then one should go for its regular treatment.
Recent treatment mainly includes radiation
therapy, cell based immunotherapy, gene
therapy, chemotherapy are most widely used
methods used for treatment of various type
of cancers.