Modelling, methods, applications and scope of 3D printing.

1. Jawaharlal Nehru National college of Engineering
Shivamogga , Karnataka
Presentation on
“3D printing”
Presented by : Harshavardhan C M
Under the guidance of : Mr. M RAMESH (Associate professor)
Department of Mechanical Engineering.
VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
Belagavi , Karnataka

2. Content
 Abstract
 Introduction
 General Principles
 3D printing Methods
 Applications
 Advantages and Disadvantages
 Conclusion
 References

3. Abstract
 Digital fabrication technology, also referred to as 3D printing or additive
manufacturing, creates physical objects from a geometrical
representation by successive addition of materials. 3D printing
technology is a fast-emerging technology. Nowadays, 3D Printing is
widely used in the world.
 3D printing technology can print an object layer by layer deposition of
material directly from a computer aided design (CAD) model . It has
been found to be a fast and cost effective solution in whichever field of
use

4. Introduction
 3D printers print objects from a digital template to a
physical 3-dimensional physical object. The printing is
done layer by layer
 Nowadays, 3D printing is widely used in the world. 3D
printing technology increasingly used for the mass
customization, production of any types of open
source designs in the field of agriculture, in
healthcare, automotive industry, and aerospace
industries

5. General Principles
 Modeling
 Printing
 Finishing

6. Modeling
 Additive manufacturing takes virtual blueprints
from computer aided design (CAD)
or animation modeling software and "slices" them
into digital cross-sections for the machine to
successively use as a guideline for printing.

7. Printing
 To perform a print, the machine reads the design and lays
down successive layers of liquid, powder, or sheet material to
build the model from a series of cross sections.
 These layers, which correspond to the virtual cross sections
from the CAD model, are joined together or automatically
fused to create the final shape.
 The primary advantage of this technique is its ability to
create almost any shape or geometric feature.

8. Finishing
 Though the printer-produced resolution is sufficient
for many applications, printing a slightly oversized
version of the desired object in standard resolution,
and then removing material with a higher-resolution
subtractive process can achieve a higher-resolution.

9. Different Methods
 Selective laser sintering (SLS)
 Stereolithography
 Fused deposition modeling (FDM)
 Laminated object manufacturing

10. Selective laser sintering (SLS)
 Selective laser sintering (SLS) is an additive manufacturing
technique that uses a high power laser (for example, a
carbon dioxide laser) to fuse small particles of plastic,
metal (direct metal laser sintering),ceramic or glass
powders into a mass that has a desired 3-dimensional
shape

11. SLS
(cont...)
 The powder bed is lowered by one layer thickness, a new
layer of material is applied on top, and the process is
repeated until the part is completed.
 materials used in SLS come in powder form and include,
but are not limited to, polymers such
as polyamides , polystyrenes and thermoplastic elastomers .
 Polyamides are the most commonly used SLS material.

12. STEREOLITHOGRAPHY
 Stereolithography is
an additive
manufacturing
process using a vat of
liquid UV-curable
photopolymer ”resin”
and a UV laser to
build parts a layer at
a time.

13. STEREOLITHOGRAPHY
(cont.…)
 CAD (Computer Assisted
Design) Programs help users
create STL Files for the 3D
Printers to read.
 STL file format – a file format
which uses many little
triangles to make a 3
dimensional plot of the
objects intended surface.

14. Fused deposition modeling FDM
 Fused deposition
modeling (FDM) is an
additive manufacturing
technology commonly
used for modeling,
prototyping, and
production applications

15. FDM
(cont...)
 FDM is a 3D printing process that uses a continuous
filament of a thermoplastic material.
 Filament is fed from a large spool through a moving,
heated printer extruder head, and is deposited on the
growing work.
 The print head is moved under computer control to
define the printed shape.

16. Laminated Object Manufacturing
 Laminated object
manufacturing (LOM) is a
rapid prototyping system
developed by Helisys Inc. In
it, layers of adhesive-
coated paper, plastic or
metal laminates are
successively glued together
and cut to shape with a
knife or laser cutter.

17. LMO
(cont...)
The process is performed as follows:
 Sheet is adhered to a substrate with a heated roller.
 Laser traces desired dimensions of prototype.
 Laser cross hatches non-part area to facilitate waste
removal.
 Platform with completed layer moves down out of the way.
 Fresh sheet of material is rolled into position.
 Platform downs into new position to receive next layer.
 The process is repeated until full model or prototype
prepared.

18. Applications
 Rapid Prototyping
 Medical Industry
 Automobile & Aviation
 Wearables
 Defense sector

19. Advantages
 Rapid prototyping causes faster development.
 3D printing is an energy efficient technology.
 Lighter and Stonger products can be printed.
 Printed 3D organs can revolutionise medical industry.
 3D printing can create new industries and completely
new professions.

20. Disadvantages
 Size of printable object is limited by the movement of
extruder.
 Curved geometry will not be much accurate while printing.
 Limited materials are available for printing.

21. Conclusion
 Nothing communicates ideas faster than a
three-dimensional part or model. With a 3D
printer you can bring CAD files and design
ideas to life – right from your desktop.
 Test form, fit and function – and as many
design variations as you like – with
functional parts.

22. Reference
 An Overview on 3D Printing Technology: Technological,
Materials and Applications by N. Shahrubudin , T.C. Lee , R.
Ramlan
 3D Printing and its Future in Medical World by Sunil
Sharma , Shakthi A. Goel
 www.wikipedia.com
 3Dprinting.com

23. Thank you