HMT Tractor Division ppt

1. COLLEGE NAME
A TRAINING REPORT AT
HINDUSTAN MACHINE TOOLS (HMT)
PINJORE DIVISION
(FROM JUNE 2nd TO 11th JULY, 2014)
BY Harpreet Singh
12BME1151
ME-02

2. CONTENTS
1.Company Profile
2.Tractor Division
3.Engine Shop
4.Heavy Machine Shop
5.Engine Assembly
6.Heat Treatment

3. Company Profile
In 1949 the idea of public sector tools was
commissioned to be a corner stone for the
government’s industrial development plans. This led
to the birth of HINDUSTAN MACHINE TOOLS at
Bangalore in 1953 which started a single machine tool
factory to produce lathes at Bangalore, in
collaboration with M/S Oerlikon of Switzerland.
Next second machine tool unit was set up in
Bangalore in 1961 making use of company own
resources. Third Machine tool was set up in 1963 at
Pinjore, Haryana to produce milling machines

4. HMT’S tractor business commenced its operation
in Pinjore in 1971in technical collaboration
with M/S MOTOKOV, Czechoslovakia because
priority given to the agriculture in national
development programme plan.
HMT started the operation with the manufacture
of 25HP tractors. Over the year, it has
developed tractor ranging from 25HP to 75HP.

5. TRACTOR DIVISION
• HMT established tractor plant
in Pinjore in 1971to provide
impetus to the country’s green
revolution. To begin with, it
started assembly of 25 HP
tractors. Pinjore was selected
for the project because it was
within the high density crop-producing
region which
provides immediate market in
the vicinity.

6. • Initially, the tractors were assembled from
imported CKD/SKD packs. Production facilities
were simultaneously established to reduce the
imported contents with the result that the
model was fully indigenized within a short span
of five years.
• At present, HMT manufactures tractors in 25,
35, 40, 49, 65 and 75 HP ranges. Out of these
35, 40, 49, 65 and 75 HP tractors are designed
in-house. All HMT tractors are Bharat term-III
certified.

7. ENGINE SHOP
In engine shop there are manufacturing of the
entire components which is being used in
engine assembly. We have seen all the
machining process which are used to made a
particular component for example cylinder
head. Here the following steps used to make
cylinder head.
Material comes fro forging section after that
following steps done step by step

8.  Surface finish on
milling
machine(Horizontal
Milling Machine for
side wise surface
finish &vertical for
top & bottom)
 Drilling of cylinder
head on group
drilling machine for
making inlet &
outlet valves.

9.  Injector hole made
to hold injector.
Injector hole made
in fixture at 20
degree angle.
 Final surface finish
of cylinder head
inlet & outlet valve
on Gun Reaming
Machine (Special
Purpose Machine )

10. HEAVY MACHINE SHOP
It is a part of tractor division in which two
types of heavy casting (Gear box and MT
housing) are machined and some other
components are also manufactured. In this
shop the machines are arranged according
to the sequence of operation and job
moves from one machine to another in
series.

11. The various types of machines present in this
shop are:
Semi-Automatic Machines
Radial Drilling Machine
Horizontal Milling Machine
Vertical Milling Machine
Boring Machine
Inclined Boring machine
Thread Milling Machine
Computer Numerical Control(CNC)

12. Gearbox is that part of tractor which is mounted in
the tractor between the Engine and Main
Transmission Housing. Speed and Torque of the
Tractor as per its operating load condition.
The type of Gearbox used in the tractor is SLIDING
MESH GEARBOX. In the Gearbox the Power comes
from engine to the clutch shaft and hence to the
clutch gear which is always in mesh with a gear on
the lay shaft. All the gears on the lay shaft are fixed
to it and as such all the time rotating when the
engine is running and clutch is engaged. The gears
present on the splines shaft are free to slide on it.

13. Following are the
main components of
gearbox:
Input Shaft
Assembly
Output Shaft
Assembly
Lay Shaft
Assembly
Intermediate Shaft
Assembly

14. Clutch Actuator guide assembly.
Gears.
Gearbox Housing
Shifter Rods.
Shifter Fork.
Bearings.
Fasteners, gaskets, spacers

15. POWER TRANSMISSION
Engine(Flywheel) Main Clutch Shaft
1st PTO Hollow Shaft
Spline Shaft(upper) Wavle pin shaft
Reduction Gear(High/Low)
Differential Shaft Crown Wheel
Bull Gear Wheels

16. ENGINE ASSEMBLY
In this shop, whole of the engine is ready
for the tractor assembly; various parts
from engine-manufactured section are
brought in this section ad they are
assembled to prepare the whole engine.
The entire engine i.e. 2522, 3522, 5022,
6522 are assembled here. Engine
assembly can be divided into 9 no. of
steps as follows.

17. Step 1:-
First of all, the crank housing is washed in a
special soap solution because after no. of
machining operation it contain drips, cutting
oil dust particles, hence washing is
necessary. After washing the crank housing
is dried by means of air jets.
Step 2:-
Now cylinder sleeves and cylinder lines are
fitted in crank housing. The cylinder have
groove cut on the external periphery and in
the groove a rubber ring is fixed which

19. Step 4:-
In this step, piston is inserted in the cylinder.
Assembly of piston and connecting rod is done
repeatedly and then it is put in the cylinder rods big
and holes are joined to crankshaft by nuts and bolts.
Lubricating gear pump is also assembled and then
cam shaft with gear is fixed in camshaft hole present
in housing.
Step 5:-
After this fly wheel is mounted on the other end of
the crankshaft and inside flywheel, pressure plates
and assembled clutch is fixed vices and tightened
with the body of the housing.

20. Step 6:-
Mow cylinder head is fixed on the top of the cylinder
sleeve by stud cylinder head is assembled in another
assembly line. In cylinder head assembly 1st of all its
machined casting is thoroughly cleaned and washed.
Now in it inlet valve guides, exhaust valve guide with
inlet and exhaust valve are fitted, injector with injector
holder brush is also fitted in cylinder head valve are
pressed tightly against their seat with the help of high
tension coiled springs.
Step 7:-
After fixing the cylinder head on the crank housing,
rocker arm, tapped and push rods and assembly fitted
for opening and closing of valves.
Step 8:-
Now the engine is completely assembled by attaching
fuel filter, oil filter, fuel injection pump, injection lines,
high tension void, starting motor, dynamo etc.

21. HEAT TREATMENT
• Heat treatment shop plays a very important
role in every industry. In automobile industry
all the gears and shafts need to be heat
treated to impart desired strength and
increase life of the component. The H.T. Shop
at HMT is equipped with several gas
carbonizing furnaces, quenching tanks,
induction hardening machines and shot
blasting furnaces.

22. All the treatment processes may be considered
to consist of three main parts:
1. The heating of the metal to pre-determined
temperature.
2. The Soaking of the metal at that temperature
until the structure becomes uniform throughout
the mass.
3. The cooling of the metal at some pre-determined
rate to cause the formation of
desirable structures within the metal/alloy for
the desired purposes.

23. PURPOSES OF THE HEAT TREATMENT:-
Changes in properties result from the micro-structural
changes in the material produced
by heat treatment operation. However, these
serve one or more of the following purposes:
•Improve Machinability.
•Relieve Internal Stresses.
•Improve mechanical properties such as
Ductility, Strength, Hardness, Toughness etc.
•Change in Grain Size

24. Methods of heat treatment:-
Various methods depending upon the nature of Job
i.e. it’s material, use etc are employed for giving
them heat treatment. The methods used are:
• Annealing
• Normalizing
• Hardening
• Quenching
• Tempering
• Case Hardening
• Carburizing
• Cyaniding

25. Annealing:-
Annealing means softening of the material by heating
and cooling process. The cooling stage may be
performed by regulating the fall of the temperature in
the furnace or by buried the article in sand or lime, and
quenching in oil or water, according to the material
being treated.
NORMALISING:-
In this process the material is heated steadily
throughout its mass to just beyond the critical
temperature, and then withdrawn from the furnace and
allowed to cool in still air. With the normalizing process
there is not soaking period, for the work is held at the
desired temperature for a period only sufficient to give
uniformity throughout the mass.

26. Main purposes of the Normalizing are:-
• To Remove the effects of previous
overheating and thus place the material in
good mechanical condition.
• To remove the Internal Stresses caused by
cooling from the molten state, by cold working
or by rough machining.
• To soften the work prior to further hardening
or tempering.

27. QUENCHING:-
Quenching is the act of rapidly cooling the
hot steel to harden the steel. Oil is used when
a slower cooling rate is desired. Oil
Quenching results in Fumes, Spills.

28. THANK YOU