2. The Islamic legal system
General characteristic of Islamic legal system
History of its development
The structure of Islamic law
The sources of Islamic law
3.
4. General characteristic of Islamic legal
system
After a lot of researches concerning Islamic law, the scholars of Islam had
found therein a number of characteristics features including:
• First, It is moderate and balanced in terms of its view of man with its two
essential components, namely the spiritual and the physical aspects of his
nature.
Second, it is rational and realistic because it deals with tangible facts, not
illusions and superstitions.
Third, it is easy and free of
5. History of islamic legal system
Thus, Islamic law, the Sharia, became an integral part of the Muslim religion.
Following Muhammad's death in A.D. 632, companions of Muhammad ruled
Arabia for about 30 years. These political-religious rulers, called caliphs (KAY
liff), continued to develop Islamic law with their own pronouncements and
decisions.
Muslims view Islam as a return to the original faith of prophets, such as Jesus,
Solomon, David, Moses, Abraham, Noah and Adam, with submission (Islam) to
the will of God.
6. Development of Islamic Law
Islamic law grew along with the expanding Muslim Empire. The Umayyad
dynasty caliphs, who took control of the empire in 661, extended Islam into
India, Northwest Africa, and Spain. The Umayyads appointed Islamic judges,
kadis, to decide cases involving Muslims. (Non-Muslims kept their own legal
system.)
The growth and spread of Islam began when the Prophet Muhammad began
sharing his divine revelations and spreading messages he received from Allah
(god). He and his followers were persecuted and had to flee to the
neighboring city of Medina in 622. There he and his followers were welcomed
and the faith grew.
7. The source of islamic law
The body of Islamic laws was the sharia.
There are four sources of Islamic law:
PRIMARY SOURCES:
1.The holy Quran.
2.The Sunnahs of holy Prophet (PBUH).
SECONDARY SOURCES:
1.ljma (Consensus) .
2. Qiyas (Analogy) .
