Slides about types of public transport in Japan

1. Public Transport in Japan
Slides

2. 2
Public Transport in Japan
• Public transport in Japan consists of railways, bus, airplanes, and ships with
total number of transported passengers is 31.17 billion in 2019.
• Train is Japan’s main public transport covering four major islands of Honshu,
Hokkaido, Kyushu, and Shikoku with an extensive line of 27,182 km length and
carried over 25 billion passengers in 2019.
• Trains are classified into 5 types: local, rapid, express, limited express, and
super express.
• Approximately, 70 percent of Japan's railway network is operated by the Japan
Railways (JR) while other are served by Private railway companies.
• In, 2019 Mode share of train is 72.7% dominated other domestic transport
modes.
Source: Statistical Handbook of Japan 2021 by Statistic Bureau, Japan

3. Transportation Capacity
(thousand passengers/h)
300
100
40
Speed
(km/h)
AGT (Automated Guideway Transit)
MRT
Subways
Monorail
Shinkansen (HSR)
LRT 3
Public Transport in Japan
Source: Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism of Japan
Various Types of Japan’s Railway

4. 4
Public Transport in Japan
• Bus serves as secondary means of
public transport especially in the large
cities, consists of short-distance bus and
long-distance bus.
• The ticketing and fare depends on the
travel distance and the operating bus
company.
• Bus services carried 4.53 billion
passengers per year in 2019 and
traveled 60,070 million of passengers
kilometers.
• In Tokyo metropolitan area, there are 131
routes that serves total of 1091 km with
average passengers capacity of 74
persons.
• Demand for bus industry started to keep
decreasing year by year. In addition, the
shortage of driver’s staff is also getting
worse and will become a future issue.

5. Public Transport in Japan
Mode Share in Tokyo Metropolitan Area in 2018
Source: Public Transport Planning in Mega City: Case of Urban Railway
Development in Tokyo, Japan by Prof. Hironori Kato, 2021
Tokyo PuT Survey, 2008, 2018

6. 6
Public Transport in Japan
Source: Public Transport Planning in Mega City: Case of Urban Railway
Development in Tokyo, Japan by Prof. Hironori Kato, 2021
https://www.japan-guide.com/e/e2019.html
Urban Railway Network in Tokyo
JR Others Metro Total
Operating
(km) 887.2 1214.4 357.5 2459.1
Number of
Station 360 825 325 1510
No. of
Operator by
Type 1 28 3 32
*According to the source, the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism defines a
100 percent level as a situation where all the seats in the train are taken and the standing
passengers can find a strap to hold on to, while 180 percent is a situation where a passenger can,
with some difficulty, read a folded newspaper.
Train lines with the highest congestion rates in
Tokyo Metropolitan Area, Japan in 2019
Source: https://www.statista.com/statistics/998622/japan-most-congested-train-lines/
Tozai Line was the busiest train line in the
Tokyo Metropolitan Area in 2019, reaching a
congestion rate of almost 200 percent

7. 7
Public Transport in Japan – Greater Keihanshin (Osaka)
• Public transport in Greater Keihanshin consist of railway, metro, tram, AGT,
monorail, cable car, bus, and ferries.
• Public transport is operated by various companies between public and private
operators, and JR is the operator with the most service line.
• In, 2010 Mode share of public transportation reached 61%, and followed by
cycling with 19%.
• The payment system of transportation is using a smart card, namely ICOCA,
PiTaPa, and other various cards. Those cards are validated by various types of
modes. However, each card only can be used by the collaborated operator.
• Numerous private and public bus companies with hundreds of routes throughout
Greater Keihanshin. Most bus routes complement existing rail service to form an
effective intermodal transit network.
• Even though in Greater Keihanshin has many private operators, they are not
eligible to received subsidy except for nominal and indirect subsidy such as
receiving money for interest repayment over a certain (5%) interest rate.
Source: http://www.pref.osaka.lg.jp/
http://www.mlit.go.jp/kisha/kisha07/01/010330_3/01
Ken'ichi Shoji, “The Japanese experience with urban private rail companies: idiosyncratic or exemplary?”, 1990