class lecture

1. Introduction to
Community Dental Services
Library Instruction Session 2
February 16, 2023

2. SCHEDULE
Session 1: Session 2:
 Introduction
 Website Evaluation
 Worksheets
 Overview of library
resources
 Dental Hygiene Subject
Guide
 Ask a Librarian Link
 Health Sciences
Databases
 PubMed
 Medline with Full-text
 Practice

3. Learning Outcome
 Last session:
 Information has value.
 Does the information you find meet your needs?
 What is it’s value?

4. Learning Outcome for today
 Today’s session:
 Research as Inquiry
 Searching for information is repetitive … for everyone (including
me!)
 Searching as Strategic Exploration
 Searching is often non-linear
 Pursue alternative avenues as new understanding develops

5. Searching handout

6. Types of Research Articles
 Review
 A review of the literature
 Can be from a certain date
 Can be for a certain time period
 Excellent for a review of a topic
 Different then a Systematic Review
 Clinical Guideline
 The gold standard in treatment/
diagnosis of a disease
 Case Report
 Report on a patient or patients
 Case Series / Case Control Study
 Cohort Study
 Main feature - observation of large numbers
over a long period (commonly years) with
comparison of incidence rates in groups that
differ in exposure levels.

7. Types of Research Articles
 Randomized Controlled Trials
 RCT, Clinical Trial
 Patients are randomized into a control group or in an experimental
group; both groups are followed for outcomes
 Systematic Review
 The application of strategies that limit bias in
the assembly, critical appraisal, and synthesis of
all relevant studies on a specific topic.
 Systematic reviews focus on peer-reviewed
publications about a specific health problem and
use rigorous, standardized methods for selecting
and assessing articles.
 A systematic review may or may not include
a meta-analysis, which is a quantitative
summary of the results
 Meta-analysis
 A systematic review using qualitative methods to
summarize the results

8. Exercise
 https://padlet.com/ckoman/DHYG111

9. Databases
 Medical Databases:
 PubMed
 Medline with Full-text
 Evidence-based databases:
 Clinical Queries

10. MEDLINE with Full-text
 EBSCO database
 2 ways to search
 *Recommended method*
 Use the MeSH (Medical Subject Headings)
 The word you might use for something may not be the
same word that is used in the database
 Dental hygiene = Oral hygiene
 Located at the top of the page
 *Alternative method*
 Type in your search words using keyword
 Search in TI = Title
 Apply limits

11. PUBMED
 Located at www.pubmed.gov
 Use the Dental guide to get to the link connected to HVCC
journals for full-text articles
 Basic search
 MeSH
 Automatically searches Medical Subject Headings
 Keyword searching also
 See the search details to see what you are searching
 Limits
 Side column
 Advanced search
 Use if you know the specifics about the article you are
looking for – journal title, author, etc.

12. Visual Description of Medical Databases

13. Review Results
 Full-Text
 PMID # - PubMed ID number
 Unique number for each article in PubMed
 PubMed
 Free Full-text and
 Located in the upper right hand corner
 Medline with Full-Text
 HTML or PDF full-text
 Check for Full-text
 Interlibrary loan
 Copy the PMID # into PubMed – it may be free
 Can also do the reverse

14. Review Results
 Citation
 Available in Medline with Full-text only
 PubMed – create your own
 Important to remember PMID # trick so you can get the
citations if you want them

15. Clinical Queries
 Important to know the type of question you have
 Broad or Narrow scope – sensitivity and specificity of
the articles
 These are evidence-based medicine terms
 Sensitivity
 proportion of people with disease who have a positive test
result.
 Specificity
 proportion of people without disease who have a negative test
result.
 If you want to see what the search is doing behind
the scenes – look at the filter information

16. Searching
 AND
 connector term
 teeth AND whitening
 OR
 connector term
 teeth OR pearly whites OR dentition
 Dent*
 truncation
 dental, dentist, dentistry
 Phrase “…”
 “white strips”
 Keeps these two words together
 Google search: dent* and “teeth whitening” – advanced search
 http://www.washdent.com/dental-services/teeth-whitening-faq/
Can not use these techniques in every
database:
- PubMed does not always like phrase
searching
- Use capital letters for connector terms
- Databases may have different symbols

17. Practice Question
 Are ZOOM whitening treatments more effective in whitening
the teeth of patients with yellow or stained teeth than at home
whitening products?
 PICO question
 Patient, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome
 Additional search words:
 Zoom
 whitening
 oral hygiene / dental hygiene
 bleaching
 stained / yellow teeth
 clinical trial
 light
 in-office; chairside
 At home