Math report.pdf

LOH MUN TONG (0323680) l TAN JIA SAN (0322406) l GILLIAN CHONG (0323941) l CHRISTINA
CHUA (0323859) l CALVIN WONG PING KET (0322481) l KIEW CHEE YUAN (0323297)
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SCHOOL OF
ARCHITECTURE, BUILDING AND DESIGN
FOUNDATION IN NATURAL AND BUILT ENVIRONMENT
MATHEMATICS (MTH 10304)
STATISTIC SURVEY PROJECT
GROUP MEMBERS: LOH MUN TONG (0323680)
TAN JIA SAN (0322406)
GILLIAN CHONG (0323941)
CHRISTINA CHUA (0323859)
CALVIN WONG PING KET (0322481)
KIEW CHEE YUAN (0323297)

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TABLE OF CONTENT
TOPIC PAGE
INTRODUCTION 3
OBJECTIVE 4
METHODOLOGY 5 - 6
EMPTY QUESTIONAIRE 7 - 8
STATISTICS ANALYSIS 9 - 34
CONCLUSION 35

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INTRODUCTION
Our survey aimed to assess HIV (human immunodeficiency virus)-
related knowledge of the students in Taylors University Lakeside Campus
(TULC). Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome or Acquired Immunodeficiency
Syndrome (AIDS) is a disease of the human immune system caused by the
human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). HIV can largely reduce the number of
CD4 cells (T cells) in the body, making the person more likely to get infections
or infection-related cancers if left untreated. Over time, HIV can destroy so
many of these cells that the body can’t fight off infections and disease. These
opportunistic infections or cancers take advantage of a very weak immune
system and signal that the person has AIDS, which is the last state of HIV
infection.
HIV and AIDS remain a persistent problem for the United States and
countries around the world. According to research, thousands of U.S. teens
and young adults get infected with HIV each year. The Centres for Disease
Control and Prevention (CDC) estimates that 26% of the approximately 50,000
new HIV infections diagnosed in 2010 were among youth 13 to 24 years of
age. Most adolescents who acquire HIV are infected through sexual risk
behaviours. Many of them are recently infected and unaware of their HIV
infection status. This is due to their lack of knowledge regarding the facts and
symptoms of the HIV infection.
In this survey, we have prepared some questions about HIV. The survey
questions have included the facts that are not commonly known about HIV like
the causes of HIV, symptoms and chronic signs of HIV and the prevention of
HIV. In conclusion, we want to comparatively analyse male and
female adolescents' knowledge to HIV and AIDS.

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OBJECTIVE
The primary objective of this conducted survey is to determine the knowledge
of male and female regarding the HIV and AIDS disease. However, this survey
also allow us to collect and organise the statistical data from the fill out survey
forms in order to complete our survey report. This survey also enable us to
apply our knowledge learned in Mathematics lecture to analyse the statistical
data and draw conclusion from the data. Besides conducting the survey for
assignment purposes, the survey also improves our own understanding
regarding the HIV disease as well as our survey respondents. Through this
survey, it helps to develop our communication skills as we need to talk to
stranger to fill out the survey form. In addition, it enhances our team working
skills such as leadership, and working with and motivating others.

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METHODOLOGY
Data for this questionnaire survey was collected from 21st December 2015 to 30th
December 2015. The survey was distributed to a total of 300 people, which consist of 150
male and 150 female in order for us to get a fair result. Each of our members was
responsible to get 50 respondents, which consist of 25 male and 25 female. This survey
form was distributed around library level 2, level 3, the event hall, and outside of the library.
After the survey, we separated the questionnaire into group of male and female. We
analysis every question and counted the total amount of every answer that was chosen.
Then we created tables and graphs to show the results that we have obtained. We also
calculated the mean percentage for the students have gotten the correct answer for each
question by using the formula, = .Hence, we determine the knowledge of different
gender have towards HIV/ AIDS.
Process pictures of respondents who are answering the questionnaire.

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One of our group members is editing the infographic poster.
Group members were discussing upon the math report
Group member preparing the final survey report

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EMPTY QUESTIONAIRE
We are conducting a research study to examine determine your knowledge about HIV (Human
immunodeficiency virus) disease. Your participation in this research project is entirely voluntary and
your responses will be kept completely confidential. The survey questionnaire is composed of 25
questions and it takes about 10 minutes to complete it. Thank you for your time and effort.
1. What gender do you identify as? (Please mark only one answer)
o Female
o Male
o Trans person
o _________________________ (write your term of choice)
2. How old are you? (Please mark only one answer)
o Under 18
o 18 to 24
o 25 to 39
o 40 or over
3. Have you ever heard of HIV/AIDS ?
o Yes
o No
For each statement below, please check the appropriate box to indicate if it is true, false, or if
you’re not sure.
Please mark only one answer for each statement.
TRUE FALSE NOT SURE
4. Coughing and sneezing DO NOT spread HIV.
5. A person can get HIV by sharing a glass of
water with someone who has HIV.
6. AIDS is the cause of HIV.
7. HIV is killed by bleach
8. A person with HIV can look and feel healthy.
9. People who have been infected with HIV
quickly show serious signs of being infected.
10. A person can be infected with HIV for 5
years or more without getting AIDS.

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11. A person cannot get HIV by having oral sex,
mouth-to-penis, with a man who has HIV
12. A person can get HIV even if she or he has
sex with another person only one time.
13. Taking vitamins keeps a person from getting
HIV.
14. HIV can be transmitted by sexual intercourse
15. HIV can be transmitted from mother to child
16. HIV can be transmitted by sharing needle or
syringe
17. HIV can be transmitted by blood transfusion
18. HIV can be transmitted by shaking hand
19. HIV can be transmitted by eating and
drinking from the same plate or glass of an
HIV-positive person
20. Eating healthy foods can keep a person from
getting HIV
21. A person can get HIV by sitting in a hot tub
or a swimming pool with a person who has
HIV.
22. All pregnant women infected with HIV will
have babies born with AIDS.
23. HIV can be transmitted through a mosquito
bite
24. HIV can be prevented by properly using
condom during sexual intercourse
25. HIV transmission can be avoided by a blood
test before marriage

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STATISTIC ANALYSIS
1. Gender
Total respondent: 300
Male Female
150 150
2. Age
Age (years old) Male Female
<18 6 10
18-24 123 120
25-39 14 15
>40 7 5

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<18
7%
18-24
80%
25-39
10%
>40
3%
Female
<18 18-24 25-39 >40
Question 3: Have ever heard of HIV
Gender Heard of HIV Never heard of HIV
Female 141 9
Male 145 5

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Question 4: Coughing and sneezing DO NOT spread HIV
Gender True False Not Sure
Male 110 31 9
Female 113 24 13
Coughing and sneezing do not spread HIV. Most of the students have an awareness that
coughing and sneezing do not spread HIV as up to73.33% of male and 75.33% of female
answered this question correctly. However, the number of female students who have gotten
the correct answer are more than male students. Therefore, Human Immunodeficiency Virus
(HIV) is not spread easily, you can only get HIV if you get infected blood or sexual fluid into
your system.
Percentage of students answer correctly (%):
Male: (110/150) x 100% =73.33%
Female: (113/150) x 100% =75.33%

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Question 5: A person can get HIV by sharing a glass of water with someone who has HIV
Male 32 108 10
Female 22 111 17
A person will not get HIV by sharing a glass of water with someone who has HIV this is
because study found that the concentration of saliva that is so slow that it even “kills” the
white blood cells that carry HIV virus. In 2008, a Swedish research team discovered that
people with HIV produce antibodies in their saliva that can eventually “kill” the virus.
The table above shows that there are 73% in average of the respondents, have gotten the
correct answer, which is with a number of 219 out of 300.
Male: (108/150) x 100% =72%
Female: (111/150) x 100% =74%

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Question 6: AIDS is the cause of HIV
Male 84 33 33
Female 100 25 25
Most of the people think that AIDS and HIV are the same thing, which is definitely wrong.
AIDS and HIV are not the same thing. AIDS refers to the disease which stands for acquired
immune deficiency disease whereas HIV refers to the virus which is known as human
immunodeficiency virus. Therefore, AIDS is not the cause of HIV. HIV is the virus that
causes AIDS. People with HIV are said to have AIDS when they develop certain infections or
cancers or when their CD4 count is less than 200.
Table above shows that most of the respondents answered incorrectly as only 19.33% of the
respondent chose the correct answer, which is 58 out of 300.
Male: (33/150) x 100% =22%
Female: (25/150) x 100% =16.67%

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Question 7: HIV is killed by bleach
Male 24 87 39
Female 46 68 36
Most of the respondents think that HIV cannot be killed by bleach, which is definitely wrong.
In laboratory studies, bleach which contains 5.25% of sodium hypochlorite appears to kill
HIV virus very effectively. Most of the people think that drinking bleach can protect one from
catching HIV / AIDS, but this is a false claim as drinking bleach will cause burns to the
oesophagus and stomach and could even result in death. The method that bleach is use to
prevent HIV is using undiluted thin bleach to wash used syringe, which is more effective than
using water.
The table above shows that there are 23.34% in average of the respondents, have gotten
the correct answer, which is with a number of 70 out of 300.
Male: (24/150) x 100% =16%
Female: (46/150) x 100% =30.67%

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Question 8: A person with HIV can look and feel healthy.
Male 95 36 19
Female 79 43 28
The onset of AIDS can take up to 10 years from the time of infection with the HIV virus.
Therefore, a person infected with HIV may look and feel healthy for many years, but he or
she can still transmit virus to others.
The bar chart above shows that there are 58.14% in average of the respondents, have
gotten the correct answer, which is a number of 179 out of 300. However, 63.33% of male
students and 52.67% of female students had answered this question correctly. In
comparison, it is shown that male respondents have better understanding of HIV compared
to female respondents.
Male: (95/150) x 100% =63.33%
Female: (79/150) x 100% =52.67%

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Question 9: People who have been infected with HIV quickly show serious signs of being
infected.
Male 34 86 30
Female 36 78 36
People who have been infected with HIV will not quickly show serious signs of being infected.
The symptoms of HIV will be differ from people-to-people and some people may not get any
symptoms at all. Without treatment, the virus will get worse over time and damage the
immune system of infected people. The symptoms will take around 2-4 weeks to appear
after a person is infected, they will not show out quickly.
The table above shows that there is 54.67% in average of respondents, have gotten the
correct answer. Calculation shows that male has a higher percentage which is 57.33%
compared to female which is 52%. Therefore, we have come to a conclusion which male
students have better understanding on HIV compared to female students.
Male: (86/150) x 100% =57.33%
Female: (78/150) x 100% =52%

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Question 10: A person can be infected with HIV for 5 years or more without getting AIDS.
Male 70 31 49
Female 63 41 46
A person can be infected with HIV for 5 years or more without getting AIDS. It can take 10
years for symptoms of HIV to show up. This is called the latency period. There may be a
long period of time where someone has HIV but has no signs.
correct answer. Calculation shows that male has a higher percentage which is 46.67%
compared to female which is 42%. Therefore, we have come to a conclusion which male
Male: (70/150) x 100% =46.67%
Female: (63/150) x 100% =42%

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Question 11: A person cannot get HIV by having oral sex, mouth-to-penis, with a man who
has HIV.
Male 37 87 26
Female 45 82 23
A person can get HIV by having oral sex, mouth-to-penis, with a man who has HIV. Having
oral sex is much less risky than anal or vaginal sex but HIV still can enter through open cuts
and sores, or possibly by infecting the lining of the mouth. Once semen gets past the mouth,
stomach acid and enzymes in the oesophagus kill the virus as this lowers the chance of
getting HIV.
correct answer. Calculation shows that male has a higher percentage which is 58%
compared to female which is 54.67%. Therefore, we have come to a conclusion which male
Male: (87/150) x 100% =58%
Female: (82/150) x 100% =54.67%

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Question 12: A person can get HIV even if she or he has sex with another person only one
time.
Male 114 19 17
Female 111 18 21
A person can only get HIV from someone who is infected but even people who have sex with
only one person can get HIV. HIV is passed from one person to another when it is spread
from the inside of an infected person’s body to the inside of another person’s body. Having
unprotected sex with an infected person is one way the virus spreads.
The bar chart above show that more than 70% of respondents have gotten correct answer.
However, the number of male students who gotten the correct answer are slightly more than
female students. Based on our calculation, there are 76% of male student (114 out of 150)
and 74% of female students (111 out of 150) who had answered this question correctly.
Percentage of student answer correctly (%)
Male ：(114/150) x 100% = 76%
Female ：(111/150) x 100% = 74%
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Male Female
Question 12 : A person can get HIV even if she or
he has sex with another person only one time.
TRUE FALSE Not Sure

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Question 13: Taking vitamins keeps a person from getting HIV.
Male 18 103 29
Female 15 103 32
Eating a balanced diet with enough vitamins and minerals will help keep your body healthy.
This is true for HIV positive and negative people. Some studies have shown HIV positive
people are more likely to be deficient in certain vitamins and minerals. Vitamins and minerals
can increase body’s metabolism but cannot prevent a person from getting HIV.
As the figure above show that there are 68.67% (206 out of 300) of respondents who
understood and know that taking vitamin would not keep us from getting HIV. Based on the
calculation, the number of male respondents 68.67% (103 out of 150) who have answered
correctly are equal to the number of female respondents 68.67% (103 out of 150).
Male ：(103/150) x 100% = 68.67%
Female ：(103/150) x 100% = 68.67%
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Male Female
Question 13 : Taking vitamins keeps a person from
getting HIV.
TRUE FALSE Not Sure

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Question 14: HIV can be transmitted by sexual intercourse.
Male 137 5 8
Female 130 4 16
HIV is spread mainly by sexual intercourse because certain body fluids from a person who
has HIV can transmit HIV through semen, pre-seminal fluid, rectal fluids and vaginal fluids.
As the show of bar chart above, more than 85% (267 out of 300) of respondents are
understood of the HIV disease can be transmitted by sexual intercourse. Based on the
survey question, male respondents shown higher percentage which is 91.33% (137 out of
150) compare to female respondents 86.67% (130 out of 150) to answer this question
correctly.
Male ：(137/150) x 100% = 91.33%
Female ：(130/150) x 100% = 86.67%
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
Male Female
Question 14 : HIV can be transmitted by sexual
intercourse.
TRUE FALSE Not Sure

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Question 15: HIV can be transmitted from mother to child.
Male 116 18 16
Female 113 16 21
Women who are HIV positive can pass HIV to their baby before or during delivery or through
breastfeeding after birth.
The bar chart above show there are about 76% (229 out of 300) of respondents have gotten
the correctly answer. The percentage of respondents who have answered the question
correctly are 77.33% male (116 out of 150) and 75.33% female (113 out of 150) respectively.
Male ：(116/150) x 100% = 77.33%
Female ：(113/150) x 100% = 75.33%
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
Male Female
Question 15 : HIV can be transmitted from mother
to child.
TRUE FALSE Not Sure

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Question 16: HIV can be transmitted by sharing needle or syringe.
Male 130 10 10
Female 132 7 11
At the start of every injection, blood is introduced into the needle and syringe. Therefore, a
needle and syringe that an HIV-positive person has used can contain blood with the virus in
it. Transmission occurs when another person then uses the same syringe without cleaning it.
The reuse of a blood-contaminated needle or syringe by another person can be an effective
means of transmission because a large quantity of blood can be injected directly into the
bloodstream.
As the table of the above show that most of the respondents which about 87% of them are
aware that HIV can be transmitted by sharing needle or syringe. Based on the calculation,
the number of female who have answered the question correctly are slightly more than male.
The percentage of female and male are 88% (132 out of 150) and 86.67% (130 out of 150)
respectively.
Male : (130/150) x 100% = 86.67%
Female : (132/150) x 100% = 88%
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
Male Female
Question 16 : HIV can be transmitted by sharing
needle or syringe.
TRUE FALSE Not Sure

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Question 17: HIV can be transmitted by blood transfusion.
Male 130 11 9
Female 129 6 15
HIV can be transmitted through body fluids which include blood. Report found that a
transfusion recipient may develop AIDS more rapidly if the infected blood component comes
from a blood donor who develops AIDS soon after the time of the blood donation.
Based on the information above, the percentage of male and female are 86.67% (130 out of
150) and 86% (129 out of 150). For this question, 86.33% (259 out of 300) of the overall
respondents are aware that HIV can be transmitted by blood transfusion.
Male ：(130/150) x 100% = 86.67%
Female ：(129/150) x 100% = 86%
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
Male Female
Question 17 : HIV can be transmitted by blood transfusion.
TRUE FALSE Not Sure

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Question 18: HIV can be transmitted by shaking hand.
Male 3 128 19
Female 6 133 11
HIV is transmitted through body fluids but not transmitted by physical contacts such as
hugging, shaking hands, sharing toilets, sharing dishes, or closed-mouth “social” kissing with
someone who is HIV-positive.
Based on the bar chart above, most of the respondents which are 87% (261 out of 300)
understood and know about the HIV would not transmitted by shaking hand. However, the
percentage of female who answered the correctly are more the male. Which is 88.67 (133
out of 150) and 85.33% (128 out of 150) respectively.
Male ：(133/150) x 100% = 86.67%
Female ：(128/150) x 100% = 85.33%
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
Male Female
Question 18: HIV can be transmitted by shaking hand.
TRUE FALSE Not Sure

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Question 19-HIV can be transmitted by eating and drinking from the same plate or glass of
an HIV-Positive person
Male 35 94 21
Female 16 104 30
There is no evidence whatsoever that people are infected through contact with an HIV
infected person's saliva. HIV is only known to be transmitted in three ways: sexual
transmission, blood-to-blood contact (injection needles and health care settings), and from
mother to infant.
Male: (94/150) x 100% =62.67%
Female: (104/150) x 100% =69.33%

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Question 20- Eating healthy foods can keep a person from getting HIV
Male 15 109 26
Female 13 104 32
There is evidence that people do better with a specific HIV diet, or have special nutritional
requirements just because they have HIV but it is important for a person to keep a healthy
diet to stay healthy.
Male: (109/150) x 100% =72.67%
Female: (105/150) x 100% =70%

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Question 21- A person can get HIV by sitting in a hot tub or a swimming pool with a person
who has HIV
Male 24 93 33
Female 20 95 35
HIV only transmitted by four bodily fluids which is the blood, semen, vaginal fluids and breast
milk. These body fluids do not maintain in hot tubs as the chlorine and other chemicals in the
hot tub and swimming pool would kill the virus before it could get to someone else’s body.
Male: (93/150) x 100% =62%
Female: (95/150) x 100% =63.33%

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Question 22- A pregnant women infected with HIV will have babies born with AIDS
Male 51 48 51
Female 44 65 41
Not all babies born from HIV positive women will be HIV positive at birth. Mother-to-child-
transmission (MTCT) is very preventable. The best way to prevent MTCT is through early
identification of the mother’s HIV status. The longer it takes before a doctor knows a mother
is a HIV positive, the higher the chance that the child will be born with HIV. If a pregnant
women takes anti-HIV medication which will prevent the transmission during pregnancy and
if the mother does not breastfeed it will not transmit HIV to the baby.
Male: (48/150) x 100% =32%
Female: (65/150) x 100% =43.33%

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Question 23- HIV can be transmitted through a mosquito bite
Male 36 80 34
Female 31 71 48
AIDS virus can not replicate inside the mosquito, bed bug, flea, or other blood sucking insect
and the lack of replication of HIV in arthropod cells due to lack of T4 antigen on cell surface,
and it is unlikely that HIV is transmitted by insects, given the low infectivity of HIV and the
short survival of the virus in the mosquito.
Male: (80/150) x 100% =53.33%
Female: (71/150) x 100% =47.33%

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Question 24- HIV can be prevented by properly using condoms during sexual intercourse
Male 104 18 28
Female 97 28 25
Using condom can prevent the exchange of boy fluids which cause HIV, that are passed
around during sex. However, in order for the condoms to be effective, they must be used
correctly every single time.
Male: (104/150) x 100% =69.33%
Female: (97/150) x 100% =64.67%

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Question 25- HIV transmission can be avoided by a blood test before marriage
Male 118 9 23
Female 109 17 24
The premarital screening for HIV is crucial to prevent the newborns infected with HIV which
will eventually develop AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome).
Male: (118/150) x 100% =78.67%
Female: (109/150) x 100% =72.67%

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Table of the average percentage of students getting the correct answer for each question

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CONCLUSION
We’ve determined the level of understanding between male and female in
Taylor’s University about human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) from this survey.
Through the gathered and tabulated data from 300 respondents (150 male and 150
female), it shows that male students have a higher level of awareness about HIV
disease than female students at such 64.1% of male students answer correctly
compared to 63.45% of female students. However, there are also a few questions
where majority has not answered correctly. For instance, the cause of HIV, the
nature of HIV and the ways of transmission of HIV. One of the questions where
majority did not manage to answer correctly is that HIV can be killed by bleach. In
laboratory studies, bleach appears to kill HIV effectively as bleach contains 5.25%
sodium hypochlorite.
The statistical analysis also indicates that over 50% of both male and female
disagree that HIV cannot be transmitted by having oral sex which is untrue. However,
once semen gets past the mouth, stomach acid and enzymes in the oesophagus kill
the virus and this can lower the chance of getting HIV. The tabulated data also
showed that 24 male and 20 female agree with the fact that they would get infected
with HIV by sitting in a hot tub or swimming pool with a person who has HIV. In fact,
HIV only transmitted by four bodily fluids which is the blood, semen, vaginal fluids
and breast milk. These body fluids do not maintain in hot tubs as the chlorine and
other chemicals in the hot tub and swimming pool would kill the virus before it could
get to someone else’s body.
As a conclusion, the majority of respondents have a certain level of HIV
awareness as they manage to answer most of the survey questions. Besides
gathering and tabulating the data for assignment purposes, it is a great opportunity
to improve our knowledge regarding the HIV disease not only the cause of the
disease but also the way of it can be transmitted and how we should prevent it. We
hope that the students could participate in more events and talks about to increase
their awareness regarding HIV/AIDS.

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