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International Markets for
Recyclables & How they impact
our Policy and Practice
Grant Musgrove
Email: grantm@acor.org.au
Twitter:@grantmusgrove
Australia: Increasing Waste Generation
Global Waste Generation
Secondary Commodity Composite Index
China Excess Capacity
Excess Steel Capacity
Oil milestone & Fracking
50% of oil from fracking
Correlation between Oil Price and
Plastic Price
International Context
Europe
Waste Policy & Legislation
 Waste Framework Directive
 Landfill Directive
 Packaging Directive
 Circular Economy Package
 A common EU target for recycling 65%
of municipal waste by 2030
 A common EU target for recycling 75%
of packaging waste by 2030
 A binding landfill target to reduce
landfill to maximum of 10% of
municipal waste by 2030
 China: Cleaner Production Law
• A ban on the production & use of
excessive packaging
• Packaging required to contain no more
than 3 layers
• Packaging Master Plan to restrict, recover,
recycle & reuse all packaging materials
What does it mean to Australia?
1. National Waste Strategy
2. Green Procurement Policy/ Market Development Strategies
3. Real Product Stewardship
4. Levy reform and alignment
5. Anti-dumping enforcement

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International Markets for recyclables & how they impact Australia's policy and practice

Editor's Notes

  1. Source: ABS
  2. Source: Nature (2013) / Volume 502/ International Weekly journal of science Dotted blue line: A scenario assumes current demographic and per capita waste production trends will continue  waste to peak sometime after 2100 Dotted red line: A scenario with greater population growth  waste peak after 2100 Dotted grey line: A scenario with a smaller, wealthier world population & more environmental friendly production & consumption behaviour  less waste generation and reach peak sooner than 2100.
  3. Source: Secondary Commodity Composite Index (SCCI) http://www.secondarycommodity.com/cgi-b in/composite_prices.cgi?mod=scrap_metals2&id=100009&num=3 The Secondary Commodity Composite Index tracks the changing market prices across the spectrum of the recycling industry. This index is comprised of 11 industry sectors. The sectors include ferrous metals, non-ferrous metals, exotic metals, waste/scrap paper, plastics, textiles, tire/rubber, electronics, recovered minerals, curbside materials, waste energy and automobile related scrap
  4. Source: World Steel Association In 2009-2010, 1.9 million tonnes of metal waste was exported which represented 52% of total waste exports
  5. Source: OECD/steel
  6. http://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.cfm?id=25372 Source: U.S Energy Information Administration (EIA)
  7. http://www.accuval.net/insights/industryinsights/detail.php?ID=115 Source: Gordon Brothers – Accuval (U.S advisory firm)
  8. Source: European Commission Waste framework directive: By 2020, reuse & recycling of waste materials from household increase to minimum of 50% by weight By 2020, reuse & recycling of non hazardous construction & demolition waste increase to minimum of 70% by weight Landfill directive: By 2006, biodegradable municipal waste to landfill: reduce to 75% of total, decrease to 50% in 2009 and 35% in 2016 Packaging directive: By 2001, 50-60% as a maximum by weight of packaging waste will be recovered or incinerated at wast incineration plants with energy recovery , increase to 60% in 2008 By 2001, 25-45% as a maximum by weight of total of packaging materials contained in packaging waste will be recycled with a minimum of 15% by weight for each packaging material By 2008, 55-80% by weight of packaging waste will be recycled By 2008, the following minimum recycling targets for materials contained in packaging waste will be attained: Glass: 60% by weight Paper & board: 60% Metals: 50% Plastics: 22.5% Wood: 15%