Paint is such a component which is a covering material or coating which is applied over a metallic or non-metallic surface for desired appearance and also to protect the surface from corrosion or any other hazardous substances. The paint is also a valuable evidence from the forensic perspective. In this presentation I had covered the paint with its types and the general composition of it , hope it will be helpful for you.

1. PPT by :
Giriraj Singh Shaktawat
B.Sc (Forensic Science)
girirajsinghshaktawat@gmail.com

2. What is Paint ?
Paint is a type of a covering material or
coating which is applied over a metallic or
non-metallic surface for desired appearance
and also to protect the surface from
corrosion or any other hazardous substances.
Paint is a pigmented fluid, liquefiable
composition that converts into a solid film
after its application on a surface.
At the time of storing ,selling and
application of paint color on the surface ,it
remains liquid but most of them dries to
solid .These paints can be Oil-based or Water
based.

3. Main Ingredients :
Binder
Solvents
Pigment
Additives
Composition of Paint

4. Binders
Binders are polymers or resins which form a film on the
substrate surface which helps in adhesion of the paint to
substrate surface. It also keeps pigment particles together.
Some famous binders that are used in paint, are:
Acrylic Resins
Latex
Phenolic Resins
Urethane Resins
Epoxy Resins
Chlorinated Rubber

5. Solvent is a medium in the paint which helps binders, pigment
and additives to disperse in molecular form or in form of colloidal
dispersions. Solvents or thinners are used to modify the viscosity
of the paint to improve its workability. Once the solvent
evaporates from the paint, it forms a solid coating.
Some famous solvents that are used in paint, are:
Water
White Spirits
Xylene
Toluene
Alcohols
Ketones
Solvents

6. Pigments
Pigment is a solid substance which gets dispersed throughout the
coating to give it a colour, denseness to hide the substrate layer.
Pigments are used to protect the substrate layer from harmful UV
rays. Pigments are also used to increase gloss level of paint and to
improve its durability and reduce ductility.
Some famous Pigment that are used in paint are:
Titanium Oxide (TiO2)
Zinc Oxide (ZnO)
Zinc Yellow
Yellow Dyes
Chrome Oxide Green

7. Additives
Additives are chemical compounds added to the paint to give it
some desired effects. It is generally added in very less quantity.
For instance, when driers are added to the paint, they accelerate
drying of the paint by catalyzing oxidation of the binder.
Some famous Additives that are used in paint are:
Plasticisers
Fungicides, Biocides, Insecticides
Flow control agents
UV Stabilizers
Corrosion Inhibitors
Limestone
Talc

8. Average Amount
Ingredients % added by weight
Binder : 60%
Pigment : 15%
Solvent : 20%
Additives : 5%
The average amount of the different ingredients present in the
paint is as follows :

9. Types of Paint
Whitewash :-
Whitewash, or calcimine, kalsomine, calsomine, or lime
paint is a type of paint made from slaked lime or chalk calcium
carbonate, sometimes known as "whiting". Sometimes various
other additives are used & it is a low cost paint.
Oil Paint :-
Oil paints are slow drying paint , which consists of
particles of pigment suspended in oil as basis vehicle ingredient.
These paints are thicker and harder & also glassy and smoother
with more durability and stain resistant. The commonly available
oils are linseed oil, poppy oil, nut oil etc.

10. Types of Paint
Cement based Paint –
The cement based paint is use in exterior and interior
walls. The cement in this paint is responsible for hard
durability of painted surface. It is water based paint.
Distemper Paint -
It is a advanced “Whitewash”. The major constituents
are chalk, lime, water & colour pigment. This paint are
available in powder & paste form. It is economic than oil
paints.

11. Types of Paint
Enamel Paint –
Enamel paints are oil based paints with a considerably
glassy finish. Enamel paints consists of white lead, zinc white,
resinous matter & petroleum sprit. It is more durable and have a
hard strong finish. It is slow dryer paint.
Bituminous Paint –
Bituminous paint is a type of bituminous coating product
that provides weatherproofing and corrosion resistance to the
elements. It has good adhesive properties. A bituminous coating is
used to build a vapour-proof and protective coat in accordance
with its formulation and polymerization grade.

12. Types of Paint
Epoxy Paint –
Epoxy paint is a latex acrylic product that may have a
small amount of epoxy in the mix and is used for flooring
applications. Epoxy paints provide a tough, durable
protective coating that's easy to maintain. They are used in
commercial building, industrial floors, pharmaceutical industry,
operation theatres, garages etc.
Luminous Paint –
Luminous paint or luminescent paint are those paint
which exhibits luminescence. This paint glow in dark because it
contains a substance that emits light for a certain length of time
after exposure to an energy source.

13. Types of Paint
Latex Paint –
Latex is a water-based paint. Similar to acrylic paint, it
is made from acrylic resin. Latex is a white milky liquid
excluding from trees like rubber. The use of rubber is can be in
the form of resin or solid in this paint. It can be apply on walls,
concrete, wood etc.
Rubber Paint –
The rubber paint is different from latex paint. This paint
is an emulsion paint having chlorinated rubber. It stands against
water & other though conditions. It is used in boats, swimming
pool etc.

14. Types of Paint
Metallic Paint –
It is paint which consists of flecks of aluminum, copper,
bronze, stainless steel and other metal which give a film with
metallic appearance. It is generally used in the automobiles and
other metallic surfaces.

15. for your patients
listening…