Gastritis is inflammation of the stomach lining that can cause indigestion, abdominal pain, and vomiting. It affects mostly middle-aged and older adults and is more common in smokers and heavy drinkers. Common causes include H. pylori infection, NSAID use, and stress. Diagnosis involves endoscopy, blood tests, or biopsy. Treatment focuses on reducing acid with antacids, H2 blockers, or PPIs, along with antibiotics to treat H. pylori. Prevention involves avoiding alcohol, tobacco, spicy foods, and NSAIDs.

1. GASTRITIS

2.  Introduction
 Incidence
 Causes
 Clinical Signs
 Diagnosis
 Treatment
 Prevention & Control
Outcomes

3. INTRODUCTION

4.  “It is the inflammation of the linning of the gastric
mucosa which is characterized by the indigestion,
abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting”.
 It can be ACUTE or CHRONIC.
Gastritis

5. INCIDENCE

6.  The incidence of gastritis is highest in the fifth and
sixth decades of life
 men are more frequently affected than women.
 The incidence is greater in clients who are heavy
drinkers and smokers.
Incidence

7. CAUSES

8.  Erosive Gastritis
 Use of NSAIDs
 Corrosive Substances
 Stress Gastritis
 Non-Erosive Gastritis
 Bacterial ,Viral & Fungal Infections
 H.pylori Infection
 Prolonged illness
 Weak immune response
 Bile-Reflux
Causes

9.  Use of NSAIDs & Drugs:- Use of
 Aspirin
 NSAIDs
 Digitoxin
 Chemotherapeutic drugs
 Steroids
Cause damage to the lining of stomach and lead to gastritis.
 Consumption of corrosive Substances:-
 Alcohol
 Cloven
 Pepper
 Tea
Can also be a risk factor to lead to gastritis.
 Stress gastritis:- Stress gastritis can be occur through any illness or sudden injury
 Hepatic failure
 Renal Failure
 Head Injury
Erosive Gastritis

10. CLINICAL SIGNS

11.  Epigastric pain
 Nausea
 Vomiting
 Abdominal pain
 Bloating & belching
 Burning sensation of Heart
 Black Stool
 If the cause of gastritis is ingestion of contaminated food
then Diarrhea will also develop within 5 hours of ingestion
Clinical Signs

12. DIAGNOSIS

13.  Endoscopy
 Blood tests for H.pylori
 Faecal examination
 Biopsy
Diagnosis

14. TREATMENT

15.  Anti-emetics:- (Domeperidone):
 It will reduce Nausea and Vomiting condition.
 Antacids ( Mucaine).
 It will neutralize existing stomach acid and provide rapid
pain relief
 Proton-Pump Inhibitors (Omeprazole , Esomeprazole,
lantoprazole).
 It will block the action of the part of cells producing acid.
Treatment

16.  H-2 Inhibitor:- (Famotidine , Cimetidine)
 It will reduce the amount of acid released into your
digestive tract, which relieves gastritis pain and
encourages healing.
 Antibiotics:- (Clarithromycine, Amoxicillin, Tetracycline, Metronidazole)
 It is used to eradicate the H.pylori Infection
 Combination of Amoxicillin + Clarithromycin is given for
10 days followed by the Omeprazole is first treatment
for the H.pylori Infection eradication.
Continue…

17. PREVENTION & CONTROL

18.  Avoide use of NSAIDs
 Avoid Use of Alcohol
 Avoid Use of Tobbaco, Smoking
 Avoid eating hot and spicy foods
 Avoid using Lactose from dairy products and Glutean
from Wheat.
Prevention and Control