The process of producing induced current in a closed circuit or in a coil by changing the magnetic field linked with the coil is known as electromagnetic induction. Whenever there is a relative motion between a magnet and a coil, a current is induced in the coil due to the change in the magnetic field associated with it. This process of producing induction current is known as electromagnetic induction. An electric generator is an electronic device which converts the mechanical energy into electrical energy. The electric generator is an application of electromagnetic induction. Electromagnetic induction is defined as the process in which a conductor is fixed in a particular position and the magnetic field keeps varying or instead the magnetic field is stationary and the conductor keeps moving. This process results in the production of a voltage or electromotive force (EMF) across the electrical conductor.

1. ELECTRIC GENERATOR

2. ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION
Michael Faraday made his first discovery of electromagnetism in 1821.
He experimented by wrapping two insulated coils of wire around an iron
ring. He found that, upon passing a current through one coil, a momentary
current was induced in the other coil — mutual induction. If he moved a
magnet through a loop of wire, an electric current flowed in that wire. The
current also flowed if the loop was moved over a stationary magnet.
https://phet.colorado.edu/sims/ht
ml/faradays-law/latest/faradays-
law_en.html

3. Whenever there is a relative motion between a magnet and a coil, a current
is induced in the coil due to the change in the magnetic field associated
with it. This process of producing induction current is known as
electromagnetic induction.
Faraday would later use the principles to construct the electric dynamo.
The principles of electromagnetic induction are used in many applications,
such as inductive charging, transformers, electric motors, and generators.

4. ELECTRIC GENERATOR
An electric generator is an electronic device which converts the mechanical
energy into electrical energy. The electric generator is an application of
electromagnetic induction. Electromagnetic induction is defined as the
process in which a conductor is fixed in a particular position and the magnetic
field keeps varying or instead the magnetic field is stationary and the
conductor keeps moving. This process results in the production of a voltage or
electromotive force (EMF) across the electrical conductor. The electric
generator works on the principle of electromagnetic induction, in which when
a straight conductor moves in a magnetic field, then the current is induced in
the conductor.

5. Rectangular Coil ABCD, Magnetic Poles,
Slit Rings R1 & R2, Brushes, Galvanometer.
When coil rotates the arm AB goes up and arm
CD goes downwards, so coil rotates in
clockwise direction. Applying Fleming’s right
hand rule the induced current which is
produced is in the direction ABCD. Current
flows from brush B2 to B1. After half rotation
AB comes in place of CD and CD in place of
AB thus induced current flows from DCBA.
Now current flow from brush B1 to B2. Thus
every half rotation current flow direction is
reversed thus it is an alternating current.

6. https://youtu.be/CWulQ1ZSE3c?list=PL_SElab05vofQMQlJni4O7PjOMpDKWBz
&t=284

7. https://www.walter-fendt.de/html5/phen/generator_en.htm

10. India supplies 50 Hz, 50Hz means the AC sinusoidal waveform reaches 50
cycles per second
https://youtu.be/JXJaRPXPwjQ?t=145

11. RECTIFIER
The rectifier is an electric circuit that transforms AC current into DC the
process of AC to DC conversion is known as rectification. There are 2 main
types of rectifier first one is the half-wave rectifier and the second one full-
wave rectifier.

12. A capacitor stores an electrical charge in
the form of an electrostatic field between
its conductors and discharges it slowly
through a circuit.
CAPACTIOR

13. HYDROPOWER PLANT
At hydropower plants water flows through a
pipe, or penstock, then pushes against and
turns blades in a turbine to spin a generator to
produce electricity.
APPLICATION

14. WINDMILL
Wind power is generated by
the force wind exerts on the
blades of a turbine.
Wind turns the propeller-like
blades of a turbine around a
rotor, which spins a generator,
which creates electricity.

15. NUCLEAR POWER PLANT
The nuclear reaction producing heat is used to create the steam that will
spin a turbine, which powers a generator to make electricity.

16. Any Questions?

17. S. (n.d.). Electric Generator (AC) Explain the construction and working of the following. Draw a neat
diagram and label it. Goprep. Retrieved August 2, 2021, from https://goprep.co/electric-generator-ac-explain-
the-construction-and-working-i-1nkd3j
H. (2020, April 10). Introduction to Rectifier. The Engineering Knowledge.
https://www.theengineeringknowledge.com/introduction-to-rectifier/
Deffree, S. (2020, August 28). Faraday discovers electromagnetic induction, August 29, 1831. EDN.
https://www.edn.com/faraday-discovers-electromagnetic-induction-august-29-1831/
What is Faraday’s law? (article). (n.d.). Khan Academy. Retrieved August 2, 2021, from
https://www.khanacademy.org/science/physics/magnetic-forces-and-magnetic-fields/magnetic-flux-faradays-
law/a/what-is-faradays-law
State the principle of an electric generator. (2020, November 15). Vedantu.
https://www.vedantu.com/question-answer/state-the-principle-of-an-electric-generator-class-10-physics-cbse-
5fb185d3e551443d6a713691
Mad. (2020, August 8). how to convert AC to DC [Video]. YouTube.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JXJaRPXPwjQ&feature=youtu.be
How does an Electric Motor work? (DC Motor). (2020, June 10). [Video]. YouTube.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CWulQ1ZSE3c&t=284s&ab_channel=JaredOwen