3. Pathology:
- Essential lesion found in
skin
Mucous membrane
Conjunctiva
- Serous Exudate and proliferation of
mononuclear cells
-Lymphoid hyperplasias---Giant cells
-Interstitial Pneumonitis
-Encephalomyelitis
-SSPE
4. Eradicable disease ( like small pox)
Distinctive rash
No animal reservoir
No vector
Seasonal occurrence with disease free intervals
No transmissible latent virus
One Serotype
An Effective vaccine
> 90% Immunization coverage
produces disease free zones
Unusual before 6 month of age
5. Clinical Features:
Incubation period 10-12 days
prodromal phase 3-5 days
low to moderate fever
Hawking cough
Coryza
Conjunctivitis & photophobia
Koplik spots ( pathogonomic sign)
Transverse line of conjunctival inflammation
6. Stage of Maculopapular Rash
(day 4-5)
-Temp. rises abruptly as the rash appears (104-105 F)
-Starts on upper lateral part of neck,
-Behind the ear, posterior part of check
-24hr upper chest
-Next 24hr Back, Abdomen
-On 3rd day reaches legs/feet and starts fading from
face
- Hemorrhagic, black Measles-confluent
rash, ecchymosis.
-Brawny desquamation and brownish discoloration –
called post measles staining-disappears 7-10 days
9. Prevention:
Active Immunization
Live attenuated vaccine
Given at 9 months of age
95% protection
Prevents Measles if given within
three days of Exposure
Passive Immunization
Gamma Globulins 0.25 ml/kg IM
within 5 days after exposure
