3. INTRODUCTION
In the construction industry and in agriculture, the demand for drone-based aerial mapping
supplementing classical surveying technology and partly replacing it has increased in recent years
The operation, in other words, the take-off and landing is conducted from the side of the area to
be surveyed, mostly from a road of the width of only one car, without any solid surface
The recent development of innovative optical image processing techniques has further lowered the
costs for the rapid execution of high-resolution topographic surveys, previously carried out by means
of very expensive airborne or ground-based LiDAR sensors. Topographic surveys are now possible
through the simple use of a set of RGB aerial images combined exploiting digital photogrammetric
algorithms
DRONE SURVEYING
4.
5. USAGE IN
DAILY LIFE
.
Be it remote monitoring, automated surveying of large
plots with greater accuracy and precision.
Utilizing preprogrammed missions that ensure accurate
time lapsed operations.
Preparing sharp quality contour maps with better accuracy
is advantageous for smooth construction.
Thermal inspections through sensors attached with UAVs
can prevent wildfire outbreaks, pipe leakage and fire
fighting.
High resolution inspection of sensitive structures like
bridges, dams etc. has been adapted by construction farms.
Crop protection, irrigation and erosion control has been
possible so far.
It is no surprise that there is intensive
research and development into the
use of drones across a number of
domains, such as energy, safety and
security, construction, mining,
quarrying, oil and gas, agriculture,
insurance, real estate, industry,
transportation and environmental
monitoring. Some universities are
leading the way in innovative uses of
drones
6.
7. Land Surveying Drones: How Accurate Is My Drone
Survey?
GPS(Ground Control Points) conditions Image overlap
The terrain profiles Weather conditions
A few things that
might influence my
survey accuracy
8. ACCURACY
With absolute accuracy, one
can find an expected error of
1-2 Ground Sampling Distance
(GSD) horizontally and 1-3 GSD
vertically for a correctly
constructed model.
GSD depends on the
parameters of the camera (i.e.,
camera resolution and focal
length) and the flight altitude.
9. Automated evaluation of agricultural damage using UAV survey
Based on the time series analyses, the exact time and reason for the development of
certain diseases during the growth of the plant can be determined, just like the size of
the damage and its process.
10. Methods Used in Agriculture through UAVs
Deep learning:
An artificial neural network is a type of mathematical model
which is based on biological observations. Its main
application area is machine learning, whose aim is to set up a
system for these networks and to become capable of
learning. Considering its structure, a neural network is a
graph-based model and its basic elements are neurons which
communicate with one another.
For CNN-based analyses, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) are
ideal to produce the necessary images because, besides low
costs, they are capable of taking photographs of a relatively
large area, and the quality of the produced images is ideal for
further utilization
The goal is to use CNN in such a manner that we choose a
given type of irregularity in the high-resolution images, which
in the given case have been taken at different times, and then
we detect it.
Results
In this way, it is even suitable for searching
for fungal infections in agricultural lands
or even before starting cultivation to
classify seeds. In cultures representing an
exceptionally high value, it is capable of
revealing the deficiencies of the
vegetation and even of quantifying it. In
this way, for example, a significant profit
increase can be achieved In tobacco
production areas.
By using CNNs, a search can be conducted in
areas under cultivation, and even animals
present in their environment can be
searched for. Thus, the approximation of
the population growth of pests and their
classification become possible
11. INTEGRATION OF 3D MODEL FROM UAV SURVEY IN BIM ENVIRONMENT
The BIM model of a building, containing information related to the maintenance of
each construction element, allows to have available a structured database to query
with 'use of IT tools dedicated to facility management to strategically plan maintenance
operations
12. HBIM:A technical process for geometric modeling
and insert complex information.
Photo
Alignment
• Identifying the building points using operators of interest
• The points chosen in various photos must have characteristics in common in order to
superimpose
Build Dense
Cloud
• Through this phase, a dense cloud is constructed using dense image matching algorithm
• These are subdivided into algorithms that use a stereo pair to find matches
Build Mesh
• Which consists in generating a polygonal model based on the newly created dense cloud
• The mesh is a subdivision of a solid into smaller solids of a polyhedral shape
The acquired aerial images were integrated with additional images from the ground
13. UAV surveys for landslide mapping
Digital photogrammetric is a
technique that permits the
reconstruction of topography as a
3D model using algorithms that can
provide 3D spatial information from
features and elements visible in
two or more images acquired from
different points of view
The detection of possible
displacements occurred in the
covered area between three aerial
surveys was performed by
comparing the different Digital
Terrain Models and point cloud
The drone survey has proven
to be an easy and effective
approach for landslide
monitoring and surveying and
thanks to these potentialities
and to its repeatability
