How do ISPs work? At the top of the Internet access pyramid are Tier 1 Internet service providers. A Tier 1 Internet service provider is an ISP that has access to all the networks on the Internet using only network peering agreements they do not have to pay for. To help conceptualize what purpose Tier 1 ISPs serve, think of Tier 1 ISPs as the major highways of the Internet. These ISPs connect all corners of the World Wide Web. Some popular examples of Tier 1 ISPs include Vodacom, Bharti, Deutsche Telekom, British Telecommunications, and Verizon Tier 1 Internet service providers sell access to their networks to Tier 2 ISPs. Tier 2 ISPs then sell Internet access to organizations and home users. However, sometimes Tier 1 ISPs may sell Internet access directly to organizations and individuals. Additionally, a second intermediary ISP, referred to as a Tier 3 ISP, may purchase network bandwidth from a Tier 2 ISP before selling that bandwidth to end users. When traffic is routed from your home network to the Internet, it goes through a number of hops before reaching its destination. For example, traffic may travel from your modem, to your Tier 3 ISP’s network, to a Tier 2 ISP’s network, to a Tier 1 ISP’s network, then back down through a different set of ISPs before reaching the destination. The underlying technology that ISPs use to establish connectivity can be based on analog telephone lines (dial-up), DSL, cable, satellite, Wi-Fi, fiber optics, or other connectivity mediums. The reason many cable and telephone providers are also ISPs is because their underlying infrastructure can accommodate Internet traffic

1. Internet Service
Provider(ISP)
SUBMITTED BY:
FAHEEM SHAH
SUBMITTED TO : DR ANSIR MUNER
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2. Agenda
 Overview
 Types of ISP’s
 Famous Types of ISP in Pakistan
 ISP categories
 FACTORS TO CONSIDER WHEN ISP
 REQUIREMENT FOR CONNECTING TO ISP
 HOW DOES ISP CONNECT YOU TO INTERNET
 How do ISPs work?
 Advantages and disadvantages
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3. Overview
 Internet Service Providers (ISP’s), which first began to emerge in the late
1980s and early 1990s, are the businesses and organizations that provide
users with Internet access and related services. These providers connect
customers to customers of other service providers by way of networks.
Often, Internet Service Providers (also called Internet Access Providers) are
companies that provide telecommunications services including data
communications access and telephone connection. The majority of
telephone companies now function as Internet Access Providers as well.
ISP’s may be commercial, non-profit, privately owned or community
owned.
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4. Why We need ISP
 For complete internet connectivity you must be able to reach all
destinations on the net.
 Your packets have to get delivered to every destination.
 Packets from everywhere else have to “find you”. This is done by having
your ISP(s) advertise routes for you.
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5. WHAT IS ISP
 An Internet service provider (ISP) also called IAP is a business or
organization that provides consumers or businesses access to the Internet
and related services.
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6. Categories of ISP
 An Internet Service Providers are categorized as:
 1. Regional ISP’s
 2. National ISPs.
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7. Regional ISP
 specific geographic area .
 smaller technical support team.
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8. National ISPs.
 larg geographic area .
 larger technical support team.
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9. Types of ISP’s
 ACCESS ISPs : ISPs provide Internet access, employing a range of
technologies to connect users to their network. Available technologies
have ranged from computer modems with acoustic couplers to telephone
lines, to television cable (CATV), Wi-Fi, and fiber optics.
 Mailbox ISPs : Offer email mailbox hosting services and email servers to
send, receive and store email. Many mailbox ISPs are also access providers.
 Hosting ISPs : Offer email, File Transfer Protocol (FTP), web-hosting
services, virtual machines, clouds and physical servers.
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10. Continued……
 Transit ISPs : Provide large amounts of bandwidth needed to connect
hosting ISPs and access ISPs together.
 Virtual ISPs (VISP) : Purchase services from other ISPs to allow customers
Internet access.
 Free ISPs (free nets) : Provide service free of charge and often display
advertisements while users are connected.
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11. Famous types of ISP’s in Pakistan
 Pakistan had almost 128 ISPs in 2007, with customers concentrated in the
areas of Islamabad, Karachi, and Lahore.
 From 2007 on Pakistan experiences a fast and well working Internet.
 ISPs use a range of technologies to enable customers' connection to their
network. The most common types of internet connections include:
 DSL (digital subscriber line)
 cable broadband
 Fiber optic broadband
 wireless or Wi-Fi broadband
 satellite and mobile broadband
 dedicated leased line
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12. Technologies Employed
 For home users:
 Dial-up
 DSL (ADSL)
 Broadband wireless access
 Cable modem
 ISDN
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13. Continued…..
 For medium-to-large businesses:
 DSL (SDSL or ADSL)
 Ethernet Technologies
 ISDN
 Satellite Internet
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14. FACTORS TO CONSIDER WHEN
CHOOSING ISP
 BANDWIDTH : Data transferring speed provided by ISP Company.
 AVAILABILITY : Availability of Network & performance to its users.
 COST : Refers pricing of the connection as well as services.
 NETWORK SECURITY : It is an important issue related to the network
over the Internet. Everyone has its own private information being safe on
their servers & nodes.
 Customer Services : Better Customer service is highly required an ISP.
 Location & they need for speed : It is an also a important factor, when
we looking an Internet provider is the location where we live or work. A
better location refers a good level of customers support.
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15. REQUIREMENT FOR CONNECTING
TO ISP
 A computer.
 A modem and telephone line (if you are using dial up access) A data line of
some sort (if you are not using dial up access)
 An Internet browser (software) and software to connect you to the ISP.
 An account with an Internet Service Provider (ISP) Souvenirs.
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16. HOW DOES ISP CONNECT YOU TO
INTERNET
 When you are connected to the Internet through your service provider,
communication between you and the ISP is established using a simple
protocol: PPP (Point to Point Protocol), a protocol making it possible for
two remote computers to communicate without having an IP address.
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17. How do ISPs work? 17

18. Internet is a tool, just like fire.
It is you who decides its advantages
and disadvantages.
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19. Some Advantages of ISP
 You do not need to invest in your own web server.
 Most ISPs have very fast connections to the internet.
 The ISP's server should offer a very high degree of availability (up time)
and reliability.
 The ISP should have a secure operating environment, high quality virus
protection and the latest software patches to ensure the security of your
site.
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20. Some Disadvantages of ISP
 You need to trust your ISP to maintain the availability and security of your
website.
 If the ISP is hosting too many other sites on a shared server, this may
compromise your website's performance.
 If the ISP gets blacklisted (e.g. because of hosting spam sites), this can
directly affect you.
 You become unsocial and spend more time reading and writing.
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