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1. Basic Dimensions in Organizations
Structural dimensions:
Centralization -the extent to which functions are dispersed in the organization, either in
terms of integration with other functions or geographically
Formalization - regarding the extent of policies and procedures in the organization
Hierarchy - regarding the extent and configuration of levels in the structure
Routinization - regarding the extent that organizational processes are standardized
Specialization - regarding the extent to which activities are refined
Training - regrading the extent of activities to equip organization members with knowledge
and skills to carry out their roles
Contextual Dimensions
Culture - the values and beliefs shared by all (note that culture is often discerned by
examining norms or observable behaviors in the workplace)
Environment - the nature of external influences and activities in the political, technical,
social and economic arenas
Goals - unique overall priorities and desired end-states of the organization
Size - number of people and resources and their span in the organization
Technology - the often unique activities needed to reach organizational goals, including
nature of activities, specialization, type of equipment/facilities needed, etc.