This is a simple introduction on religion, philosophical and sociological. this can be used in grades 11 and 12

1. Religion
A PHILOSOPHICAL AND SOCIOLOGICAL VIEW

2. Religion
 Ambiance of the
sacred.
 Any sacred, holy,
divine only in
reference to the order.
 Ordo ad Sactum

3. Object, the sacred
is recognize
Disposed subject,
Religious attitude
believing.
Dialectic tension
between
Found in/result from
Sense of the SACRED

4. Ambiance of the sacred
Religion is
experience of
Depth-dimension
Other-dimension
NUMINOUS
Manifested primordially in
rapture between
Religious comportment
Ordinary life

5. Religious reality
Religious behavior
Secular reality
Secular behavior
Distinct but
not apart
from
Setting off taboo
Cordoning of “sancire” cut of from the profane
Ordinary life
Worldly
Mundane
Responding to
Biological
Existence
• Rupture in reference to the “supreme reality”. Where the sacred
makes epiphany
• When sacred is recognized

6. Root of religion Religious experience
Situated Subject’s encounter with reality(object)
Frame of reference Cognitive affective
e.g. education disposition
Tradition
Peer-pressure
Social mores
customs
o
b
j
e
c
t
blend

7. Recognition
invocation of SACRED
• Transcending act for man, “going over” something
over him
• Insecure in himself, he gives himself over to the
sacred/ holy/mystery

8. Rites and initiation is the logos of
phenomena
 From natural life to “new life”
 From immediacy to crossing-over
into the height or depths of the
holy
 The privilege moment to take part
in Divine reality.
Change in the
structure of ones
existence

9. Religion
It is a system of belief and practice
(rituals), based on the some sacred or
supernatural real that guides human
behavior, gives meaning to life, and unites
believers into a single moral community.

10. Basic Elements of Religion
 Religious belief
 Rituals
 Religious Experience
 Community of Believers.

11. Religious belief
 These are stamen to which members of a
particular religion adhere. They organize an
individual perception of the world and serves as a
guide for behavior.
 It also seek to bridge the gap between the known
and the unknown, the seen and the unseen, and
the sacred and the profane.

12. Rituals
These are regularly repeated and carefully
prescribed forms of behavior that
symbolize a cherished value or belief
.rituals also involve very strictly determined
behavior. In rituals, it is the form that
counts.

13. Religious Experience
Refers to the feeling or perception of
being direct with the ultimate reality,
such as a divine being, or of being
overcome with religious emotion. The
subjective experiences of religion grow
out of belief and rituals.

14. Community of believers
This is the central part of religious
experience. Shared belief, rituals, and
subjective experiences heighten
group identification.

15. Perspectives on Religion
Functionalist Perspective
Conflict Perspective
Symbolic and Interactionist
Perspective.

16. Functionalist perspective
 Religion is important in the maintenance of the society…religion
was a cultural universal found in all society because it met basic
human needs and serves important societal functions.
1. Question about the ultimate meaning of life
2. Emotional comfort
3. Social solidarity
4. Guidelines for everyday life
5. Social control
6. Adaptation
7. Support for the government
8. Social change.

17. Conflict perspective
 This is a part of Marx’s position, he argued that religion
should serve as a mechanism for perpetuating patterns
of dominance and subordination. This is best explained
in the concept of alienation, which refers to the feelings
of separation, isolation, and powerlessness

18. Symbolic Interactionist Perspective
All religions use symbols to provide
identity and social solidarity for their
members.