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Babylonian dynasty
- 2. Mesopotamia • Babylon was a city state of Mesopotamia 4000 years ago • Perfect plane for civilization • Advanced tribal culture • Tribes turned into settlements and settlements into towns.
- 3. City States • 3500 BC URUK & UR • Place of worlds first civilization • Inventions • 2900 BC Other states developed • Gods and godeses • Agricultural development • Alliances and rivalries
- 4. SARGON THE GREAT • 2334 BC ruled for 56 years • Build the worlds first Empire • Ruled Akkad, URUK and Mesopotamian cities • Conquered north Mesopotamia • North Syria • Reached Mediterranean to capture south east turkey • Standardized weights and measures • Had a standing army • After his death his dynasty continued to rule for 82 years but also proved fragile • Akkadian empire falls in 2197 BC
- 5. Amorites Period • In 2112 BC king of ur maintained stability • Amorites came • Didn’t farm • Lived in tents • Didn’t bury their dead • Didn’t cook their meat • 1900 BC complete assimilation • Became soldiers, farmers • Added Iran, Larsa, Eshumna and Babylon
- 6. Hammurabi’s Period • 1792 and 1750 BC • Ruled for 43 years • Initially not interested in campaigns • In his 30th year started following Sargon • Started campaigns against neighboring countries, former allies • Ransom popularity and merchants • Empire extended from Persian gulf to Syria • Different tactics from Sargon • Modern politician
- 7. Code Of Hammurabi • The first written • laws for behavior in the city, and called them the Hammurabi’s Code, • The Hammurabi’s Code is recorded on clay tablets and tall pillars of stones. • The code consists of 282 written laws, many of which are specific. • The laws include governing commerce like trade, rental rates, wages, sale of slaves, but also governing criminal behavior. • The code also included laws for adoption, marriage and divorce.
- 8. Hammurabi’s laws If slave says to master,”you are not my master”, the master shall cut off slaves ear If a man brings an accusation of murder aginst another man without providing proof the accuser shall be put to death If a woman is not discreet and thus neglects her house and discredits her husband, they shall throw this woman I the water An eye for an eye, tooth for a tooth A free citizen kills a slave he will have to pay fine to the owner of the slave If a citizen kills another citizen he will be killed for that The accused will be considered innocent until proven guilty
- 9. • Hammurabi’s plan for administering justice was extensive, • His civil and criminal regulations covered many subjects. • Spends a lot of time in determining the social status of women • Her punishments and property rights • Biblical and Islamic notion of justice • Justice was not equitable, rights varied
- 10. • Most comprehensive effort • Southern Mesopotamia became Babylonia • Babylonia became Mesopotamia’s cultural and religious center • 1750 BC he surrendered his throne to his son • Uptill, 1000BC Babylonia lasted as National state but then decline followed
- 11. Any Questions?
- 12. THE END
Editor's Notes
- ruins of the city are still considered one of the most beautiful, mythical and magical places in the world.
- The first written law is established in Babylon by King Hammurabi. When he wrote down the laws for behavior in the city, and called them the Hammurabi’s Code, it was the first time in history that the law was written down. The Hammurabi’s Code is recorded on clay tablets and tall pillars of stones. The code consists of 282 written laws, many of which are specific. The laws include governing commerce like trade, rental rates, wages, sale of slaves, but also governing criminal behavior. The code also included laws for adoption, marriage and divorce.
- Articulation of law by hamurabi was not the first time people of Mesopotamia were given code to live by but Hammurabi’s effort was the most comprehensive one and sophisticated