Presentation from the International Probation Training held in Almaty, Kazakhstan on June 19-23, 2017

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Working Alliance
Building relationship skills, positioning and
engaging
Kazakhstan, jun 2017, day 2

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Why developing a
Working Alliance
• Because it works!
• Agreement on goals and tasks: working relationship
• The cliënt becomes actively involved in the change
process.
• The cliënt and probation worker both take responsibility
for doing their share
• Brings vitality (energy, humor, inspiration) for client and
worker.
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What is a Working
Alliance?
• Agreement on goals and tasks in probation
• Bonding: Shared activity creates bonding
• Trust: client feels trust that probation worker is
competent.
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How building a
Working Alliance
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What Works
and RNR
Kazakhstan, june 2017, day 3
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‘What Works’
• 1973: Martinson – ‘Nothing works’
• 1990: What Works – principles
o Risk – principle
o Needs – principle
o Responsivity – principle
• 2013: Who Works
o Working Alliance
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Assessment and RNR
Risk – needs – responsivity
• Risk-principle: match the level of service to the risk of
re-offending
• Need-principle: Assess criminogenic needs and target
them in treatment.
• Responsivity – principle: maximize the offender’s
ability to learn
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Criminogenic needs
• Dynamic risk factors
• Directly linked to criminal behaviour
o Antisocial personality pattern
o Pro-criminal attitude
o Social support for crime
o Substance abuse
o Family relationships
o School / work
o Pro-social recreational activities
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Responsivity
and report
writing
Kazakhstan, June 2017, day 4
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Responsivity
and report writing
General responsivity
• Change in thought patterns
o Appropriate modelling and reinforcement
• Cognitive social learning
• Working alliance
• Communication style probation worker
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Specific responsivity
Offender
Problem
solving
skills
Intelligence
Verbal skills
Social skills
Concrete
oriented
thinking
emotionality
M otivation
to learn
Ability to
learn
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Offender
characteristics
affect how
they will
respond to a
treatment and
guidance

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Motivational
interviewing
Kazakhstan, June 2017, day 5
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Motivation
• ‘motivation is not static or fixed but a dynamic process…’
• ‘motivation is not a quality of a person, but a state of
mind…’
• ‘there is no such thing as ‘not motivated’, in fact people
are sometimes motivated for other things’
• ‘when you do what you always did, you will get what you
always got… ‘ (Henry Ford)
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Motivational Interviewing
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