Swedana Therapy Ayurveda and modern aspect for UG students. It's only for Registered Medical Students, Practitioners and Academician.

1. Swedan karmukata
Prepared by
Dr. Mayura Jadhav
Assistant professor
CARC, Nigdi, Pune 44

2. What is mean by karmukata?
 Karmuk = efficacious
Swedan
karmukata
Effect on
physiology
Effect on
various
diseases
04/05/2020 2Dr. Mayura Jadhav, Panch dept, CARC

3. Swedan
karmukata
Ayurvedic view
Dravya
guna - karma
Modern view
Endocrine sys.
Nervous sys.
Musculoscletal
sys.
04/05/2020 3Dr. Mayura Jadhav, Panch dept, CARC

4. Ayurvedic view
of
swedan karmukata
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5. Concept of guna and karma
 Guna is quite different from Karma, but any
Dravya performs the work by virtue of, which
may be considered as, Guna.
 The Commentator Hemadri has considered
Guna as a power of different clinical effects.
 different stages of Pharmacological action are
known on the basis of Guna
 Understanding guna is more important in mode
of action.
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6. Properties of swedan dravya
उष्णं तीक्ष्णं सरं स्निग्धं रूक्षं सूक्ष्मं द्रवं स्निरम्
द्रव्यं गुरू च यत्प्रायनतद्धध नवेदिमुच्यते
-च. सु. २२/१६
उष्णं - warm
तीक्ष्णं - penetrating
सरं – spreads rapidly
स्निग्धं - unctuous
रूक्षं - rough
सूक्ष्मं – reaches at microcellular level
द्रवं – liquid
स्निरम्- stable
गुरू – complex in digestion
04/05/2020 6Dr. Mayura Jadhav, Panch dept, CARC

7. Properties of swedan dravya
गुण English meaning हेमाद्री व्याख्या
उष्णं warm नवेदिे उष्ण:
तीक्ष्णं penetrating शोधिे तीक्ष्ण:
सरं spreads rapidly यनय रेरणे शक्ती: स सर:
स्निग्धं unctuous यनय क्लेदिे शक्ती: स स्निग्ध:
रूक्षं rough यनय शोषणे शक्ती: स रूक्ष:
सूक्ष्मं reaches at
microcellular level
यनयवववरणे शक्ती: स सूक्ष्म:
द्रवं liquid यनय ववलोडणे शक्ती: स द्रव:
स्निरम् stable यनय दृढकरणे शक्ती: स स्निर:
गुरू complex in
digestion
यनय द्रव्यनय बृहणे कमााणण शक्ती स गुरू
04/05/2020 7Dr. Mayura Jadhav, Panch dept, CARC

8. Characteristics of guna
 They all are Gurvadi guna
 also known as Sharir Gunas
 they are found in body tissues and
substances influencing them
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9. ACTION OF SWEDAN
 Stambha nigraha – by ushna guna
 Gouwrav nigraha – by ushna, teekshna, rooksh
guna
 Sheetaghnata – by ushna guna
 Sweda karaka – by ushna, teekshna guna
 Vata shamana – by ushna, snigdh, sthira, guru
guna
 Agni deepana - by ushna guna
 Twak-mardhava and Twak-prasadana – by
snigdha guna
 Nidra and Tandra nasha - by ushna, teekshna,
rooksha guna
 Baktha shradha – by ushna, sthira
 Srotho shudhi – by teekshna, sookshma, sara
guna 04/05/2020 9Dr. Mayura Jadhav, Panch dept, CARC

10. Modern view
of
swedan karmukata
04/05/2020 10Dr. Mayura Jadhav, Panch dept, CARC

11. Basics of sweat & body
temperature
 sweat is the production of fluids secreted by
the sweat glands situated in the skin .
 it is also known as perspiration.
 Two types of sweat glands -
1)Eccrine glands - distributed over much of the
body specially on the palm, sole and forehead .
2) apocrine glands.- found in axillary region.
Activates during emotional events loke pain,
stress, anxiety
04/05/2020 11Dr. Mayura Jadhav, Panch dept, CARC

12. Sweat glands
04/05/2020 12Dr. Mayura Jadhav, Panch dept, CARC

13. Body
temperature
Core
temperature
Remains
almost exactly
constant.
Skin
temperature
Rises & falls
with the
surroundings
04/05/2020 13Dr. Mayura Jadhav, Panch dept, CARC

14.  Normal core temperature:- 98 – 98.6 F
 Body temperature is controlled by
balancing heat production against heat
loss.
 When the rate of heat production is
more than heat lost, the body
temperature rises.
04/05/2020 14Dr. Mayura Jadhav, Panch dept, CARC

15. Mechanism of heat production &
loss
Heat produced in the body is generated
in the deep organ like liver, brain, heart
and skeletal muscles
Heat is transfer to skin
Heat lost to air & other surroundings by
radiation, conduction, convection &
evaporation.
04/05/2020 15Dr. Mayura Jadhav, Panch dept, CARC

16. Factors affecting heat
production
1. Basal metabolic rate of cells.
2. Extra metabolic rate caused by excessive
muscular activities.
3. Extra metabolism caused by effect of
thyroxine or other harmones.
4. Extra metabolism caused by the epinephrine,
norepinephrine and sympathetic stimulations
5. Extra metabolism caused by increased
chemical activity in the cells themselves.
04/05/2020 16Dr. Mayura Jadhav, Panch dept, CARC

17. Factors which determine the
heat lost by body
1. How rapidly heat can be conducted
from where it is produced in the body
core to the skin.
2. How rapidly heat can be transferred
from the skin to the surroundings.
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18. Various methods of heat lost by
body
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19. Mode of action of swedan
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20. Thermoregulatio
n
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21. 04/05/2020 21Dr. Mayura Jadhav, Panch dept, CARC

22. COMPONENTS
COMPONENTS
1. Stimulus - Changes in the temperature of our
external environment can cause core body
temperature to rise or fall
2. Receptors - Nerve endings in the skin and brain
(hypothalamus) sense the external and internal
body temperature respectively.
3. Control Centre - The hypothalamus (part of our
brain) processes signals from the thermo
receptors and signals various effectors that are
used to restore the core temperature to its set
point (approximately 37°C).
04/05/2020 22Dr. Mayura Jadhav, Panch dept, CARC

23. 4. Effectors - The following components are used to
adjust our core temperature, compensating for
the external environment and restoring our core
temperature to its set point.
•Skeletal Muscles
•Smooth Muscle Surrounding Blood Vessels
•Thyroid Hormones
•Adrenaline
•Piloerector Muscles
•Sweat Glands
5. Effect - Our core body temperature is raised /
lowered back to it's set point of approximately
37°C
04/05/2020 23Dr. Mayura Jadhav, Panch dept, CARC

24. Effects Of Swedan On Human Body
 Intense short-term heat exposure elevates
skin temperature and core body
temperature and activates
thermoregulatory pathways via the
hypothalamus and CNS (central nervous
system) leading to activation of the
autonomic nervous system.
 The activation of the sympathetic nervous
system, hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal
hormonal axis, and the renin-angiotensin-
aldosterone system leads to well-
documented cardiovascular effects with
increased heart rate, skin blood flow,04/05/2020 24Dr. Mayura Jadhav, Panch dept, CARC

25. Effect On Tissue
 Relaxes Muscule
 Relive Pain
 Vasodilatation
 Increase Tissue Permeability
 Reduce BP
 Reduce Stress
04/05/2020 25Dr. Mayura Jadhav, Panch dept, CARC

26. At cellular level
 On a cellular level, acute whole-body
thermotherapy (both wet and dry forms)
induces discrete metabolic changes that
include
1. production of heat shock proteins
2. reduction of reactive oxygenated species
3. reduced oxidative stress and inflammation
pathway activities
4. increased NO (nitric oxide) bioavailability
5. increased insulin sensitivity, and alterations
in various endothelial-dependent
vasodilatation metabolic pathways
04/05/2020 26Dr. Mayura Jadhav, Panch dept, CARC

27. Questions
?
04/05/2020 27Dr. Mayura Jadhav, Panch dept, CARC

28. References
 http://www.thepharmajournal.com/arch
ives/2019/vol8issue6/PartD/8-6-7-
579.pdf
 Book of physiology - guyton
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