12. Clove.pdf

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Dr. Hem Chander

Clove

Science

Syzygium aromaticum
By
Hem Chander
Assistant Professor (Botany)
Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) 176041
hemchander78@gmail.com

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This edition of our Newsletter is a testament to our collective dedication and the exciting progress we’ve achieved. The completion of our first Periodic Report marks a significant milestone, and the advancements in tetrahedrite mineral-based thermoelectric materials are not just promising -they are a lap towards a sustainable future. We’re excited to share updates on our ongoing activities, our synergistic collaborations with the EHRASE cluster and THERMOS project, and insightful technical information on thermoelectric generators. But that’s not all, join us on the Consortium Tour, where this time SGUDS and IGME-CSIC take centre stage. Plus, don’t miss the insightful interview with Doug Crane from our Scientific Advisory Board, whose expertise enriches our understanding of thermoelectrics. This edition also features the fascinating adventures of Starty, exploring the practical uses of thermoelectric devices in a narrative that’s both educational and engaging. Looking ahead, we eagerly anticipate your visit to the START booth at the upcoming 40th International and 20th European Thermoelectric Conference, ICT/ECT 2024, in Krakow. We hope this Newsletter serves not only as a source of information but also as an inspiration for continued excellence. Stay connected with us for more exciting updates from START on our website and social media channels.

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ManganesehasbeenobservedonMarsbytheNASACuriosityroverinavarietyofcontextsand isanimportantindicatorofredoxprocessesinhydrologicsystemsonEarth.WithintheMurrayformation,an ancientprimarilyfine‐grainedlacustrinesedimentarydeposit inGalecrater,Mars,haveobservedupto45× enrichmentinmanganeseandupto1.5×enrichmentinironwithincoarsergrainedbedrocktargetscomparedto themeanMurraysedimentcomposition.Thisenrichment inmanganesecoincideswiththetransitionbetween twostratigraphicunitswithintheMurray:SuttonIsland, interpretedasalakemarginenvironment,andBlunts Point,interpretedasalakeenvironment.OnEarth,lacustrineenvironmentsarecommonlocationsofmanganese precipitationduetohighlyoxidizingconditionsinthelakes.Here,weexplorethreemechanismsfor ferromanganeseoxideprecipitationatthislocation:authigenicprecipitationfromlakewateralongalakeshore, authigenicprecipitationfromreducedgroundwaterdischargingthroughporoussandsalongalakeshore,and earlydiageneticprecipitationfromgroundwaterthroughporoussands.All threescenariosrequirehighly oxidizingconditionsandwediscussoxidantsthatmayberesponsiblefortheoxidationandprecipitationof manganeseoxides.Thisworkhasimportant implicationsforthehabitabilityofMarstomicrobesthatcould haveusedMnredoxreactions,owingtoitsmultipleredoxstates,asanenergysourceformetabolism.

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HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) is a virus that attacks cells that help the body fight infection, making a person more vulnerable to other infections and diseases. It is spread by contact with certain bodily fluids of a person with HIV, most commonly during unprotected sex (sex without a condom or HIV medicine to prevent or treat HIV), or through sharing injection drug equipment. Seasonal influenza (the flu) is an acute respiratory infection caused by influenza viruses. It is common in all parts of the world. Most people recover without treatment. Influenza spreads easily between people when they cough or sneeze. Vaccination is the best way to prevent the disease. Symptoms of influenza include acute onset of fever, cough, sore throat, body aches and fatigue. Treatment should aim to relieve symptoms. People with the flu should rest and drink plenty of liquids. Most people will recover on their own within a week. Medical care may be needed in severe cases and for people with risk factors. There are 4 types of influenza viruses, types A, B, C and D. Influenza A and B viruses circulate and cause seasonal epidemics of disease. Influenza A viruses are further classified into subtypes according to the combinations of the proteins on the surface of the virus. Currently circulating in humans are subtype A(H1N1) and A(H3N2) influenza viruses. The A(H1N1) is also written as A(H1N1)pdm09 as it caused the pandemic in 2009 and replaced the previous A(H1N1) virus which had circulated prior to 2009. Only influenza type A viruses are known to have caused pandemics. Influenza B viruses are not classified into subtypes but can be broken down into lineages. Influenza type B viruses belong to either B/Yamagata or B/Victoria lineage. Influenza C virus is detected less frequently and usually causes mild infections, thus does not present public health importance. Influenza D viruses primarily affect cattle and are not known to infect or cause illness in people.

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12. Clove.pdf

1. Syzygium aromaticum By Hem Chander Assistant Professor (Botany) Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) 176041 hemchander78@gmail.com

12. Clove.pdf

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