This document provides information about the urinary system and its components. It discusses the kidneys, which filter waste from the blood and produce urine. The urine travels from the kidneys down the ureters into the urinary bladder, where it is temporarily stored until exiting the body through the urethra. The kidneys have several important functions like regulating blood volume and pressure. The document also describes the location of the kidneys, nephrons as the filtering units, and composition of urine.

1. Dr Maqbool Jabbar Assistant professor
Depatment of urology BINUQ

2. • Excretory System; Removes excess water,urea,
carbondioxide and other wastes from our
blood.
• Kidneys; Filter out excess water urea and
creatinine
• Lungs; Filter out carbondioxide from our
blood.
• Skin; Excess water as sweat.

3. URINARY SYSTEM
• 2 kidneys ; which secrete urine
• 2 Ureters ; which convay urine from kidney to
urinary bladder.
• 1 Urinary bladder; which collect urine and
temporary store urine.
• 1 Ureathra ;Through which urine is discharged
from urinary bladder to outside.

5. Functions;
• Filter 200 liters of blood daily , allowing
toxins,metabolic wastes,and excess ions to
leave the body.
• Regulate volume of blood volume.
• Maintain the proper balance between water
and salt and acid bases.

6. Production of;
• Renin ; Regulate blood pressure.
• Erythropoietin ;Stimulate RBC Production.
• Calcitonin; Activation of Vit D Increases level
of calcium.

7. KIDNEYS LOCATION.
• Vertically they extend from the upper border
of 12th thoracic vertebra to the center of the
body of 3rd lumber vertebra.
• Right kidney is slightly lower then left due to
the position of liver .

9. • Shape ; Bean shaped organ
• Size
• 11 cm long
• 6 cm wide
• 3cm thick

10. • Weight
• 150gm in male
• 135gm in female
• Colour
• Raddish Brown in colour.

12. Nephron
• The filtering units ofkidneys are nephrons.
• Approximately 1 million nephrons in each
kidney.

13. Parts of Nephrons
• Each nephron consist of the following parts
• Glomerulus
• Bowmans capsule
• Proximal tubule
• Loop of henle
• Distal tubule
• Collecting duct.

15. Composition of urine
• Water 96%
• Urea 2%
• Uric acid
• Creatinine
• Ammonia
• Sodium
• Potassium
• oxalate

16. Ureters
• Slender tubes that convey urinr from kidneys
to the urinary bladder.
• It is about 25 to 30 cm long.
• It is about 3 to 4 mm in diameter.

18. Function of ureter
• Propel urine to the bladder via response to
peristaltic contraction of smoth muscle layer.

21. Urinary bladder
• It is resovior of urine.
• It is a pear shaped but become more oval as it
is filled with urine.
• It is smooth collapsible ,muscular sac that
temporarily stores urine.
• It lies in the pelvic cavity
• Total capacity is around 600ml.

23. • Males ; prostate gland surrounds the neck.
• Females ; anterior to the vagina and uterus.

25. Urethera
• It is a canal extanding from the neck of the
bladder at the external uretheral orifice.
• It is long in males then in females.

27. • Male; 19 to 20cm
• Females 4 cm

28. Functions of urethra in male
• Trasport urine from the bladder to out side
• Trasport of sperms from the testis to out side.

29. Function of urethra in female
• Transport of urine