Literary Criticism, B.A. sem-6 , Reality and Sincerity by F.R. Leavis.

1. Name : Parmar Dhatri
Topic : Reality and Sincerity
Email ID :
dhatriparmar291@gmail.com
B.A. Sem: 6
Paper No. 21
 Literary theory/ Criticism-2

2. Introduction:
“ Truthfulness is reveled divine reality becoming our
genuineness and sincerity so that we may live a life
that corresponds as a critic.”
 Literary criticism occupies its own position along with
literary creation.
 Leavis =critic of poetry.
 F.R. Leavis [ Frank Raymond Leavis ]
 Cambridge University
 Emmanuel College 1925
 Downing College(fellowship) 1930s
 Retired (1962)

3. About critic
 Literature should be closely related to criticism of
life.
 New Bearing in English poetry [1932]
 Revolution: Tradition and Development in English
poetry [1936]
 The Great Tradition [1948]
 Anna Karenina and other Essay [1967]

4. Analysis Of Poems
Alexander Smith Barbara :
 Scottish poet.
 Spasmodic school and
essayist.
 Oblivion.
 Irreparable lose.
 It goes straight for a
sentimental debauch with
shamelessness sought for
its own shake.
 Offers luxurious for
suffering of unbearable
sorrow.
 Cheapness of the
sentimentality appears in
the movement, the
clutches of phrase and
attitude.
To understand why some
poems are better than other.
‘On the Sabbath-day
Through the churchyard
old and grey,
Over the crisp and
yellow leaves,
I hold my resulting way;
‘

5. Continue..
 This poem reminds D.G.
Rossetti's “ The Blessed
Demozel”
 First verse [ use old
adjectives like old,grey,
crisped, yellow.] tone of
something about end.
 Second verse ends with
the powerful image of
Barbara looking out of
heaven.
 Comparison of earthly and
heavenly love.
 “ The use of this poem for
present purpose is to
serve as a foil to Emily
Bronte’s-which it dose by
the mere juxtaposition.”
 Forth stanza [Barbara’s
ghost linger's like a bad
smell ]
 Third verse [erotic
memory] wild morning
when the love but one
can’t understand the
purple stain on mouth
because of kiss.

6. Cold In Earth
Emily Bronte
 English novelist and poet.
 Wuthering Height.
 Conceive a situation in
order to have the
satisfaction of disciplined
imaginative exercise.
 Self-projection make
poem duly and perceptive
reader could describe
without knowing
biographical fact.
 Imagery provides critically
tone: Compassionate and
resolving in nature.
“The suggestion that
something quite
opposed to the luxury of
memory’s rapturous
pain is being cherished
in the poem.”
•Dramatize herself.
•Offers betraying less
real.
• The covering of grave suggest
that poet is no longer
concerned with her beloved at
that point, period has gone.

7. After a journey
Thomas Hardy
 Well-known poet, his
wife died in 1912, after
a short and painful
illness.
 “ Hardy’s poem is much
more rarer and finer
thing to be placed as
poetic achievement.”
 Healing poem.
 Leavish describe it as
intimate and self-
communing.
 It is like, listening to
Hardy is talking to
himself something
inside our own mind.
 He described his wife in
the poem,” Nut coloured
hair, and grey eyes and
rose flush.”
 Absence of positive
tone.
 Past memories of poet.

8.  1to8 : Poet wants to talk with the ghost of Emma.
 9 to 16 : Poet shows his feelings of regret since
their relationship is not same.
 17 to 24 : Sees the ghost leads Hardy to past
memories and she transport himself in nostalgic
movement.
 25 to 32 : Kinesthetic imagery [ vanished, filtering]
used in it like birds and seals. Visual imagery [
stars, dawn, flower.]
1 to 16 [ How
Hardy tries to find
Emma.]
17 to 32
[Emma leads
him to the
memories]
Poem

9. Continue..
 “ Hereto, I come to view a voiceless ghost”
 Words shows Hardy’s clumsiness, awkwardness in
words[ voiceless, ghost]
 Realized that women’s irremediable absence is fact,
she is dead.
 There is Sharpe realization that we can’t go back in
time.
 Everything like water and cave calling the poet. The
result of time and dark space is still there.
 Things are not same but memories of woman’s
presence as well as absence remaining painfully.
 “ When we haunted here together.”

10. Continue..
Conclusion
 Represent various kind
of haunting.
Togetherness is illusory.
 It is purest fidelity and
sincerest tribute to the
actual woman.
 Hardy reached at
supreme experience of
life, the realest thing,
the center value and
meaning.
 On the basis of reality
and sincerity comes to
conclusion that Hardy’s
After a journey is more
effective poem. It
highlights the elements
of reality and sincerity.
•It directly come out of life, it
could have been written only by a
man who had the experience of a
life to remember back through.

11. Thank You So
Much