this ppt describes the fundamentals of car crash test, types of crash test, role of dummies, and few stats related to crash test

1. FUNDAMENTALS OF CRASH TEST
Presentation By
ATUL DWIVEDI | SUNIL MOYAL | DEEPAK BHANDARI | KAUSHAL KUMAR

2. Content
• Abstract.
• How car crash test works.
• Role of dummies and its instrumentations.
• Different Aspects of crash testing.
• Types of crash testing
• Safety systems.
• Crash test ratings.
• Indian scenario.
• Crash testing centres.
• Conclusion.

3. Abstract
• Driving a car is a high in itself, but safety is important too.
• Choosing a safer car is very important to help prevent crashes and accidents.
• Thus, a thorough crash-testing program is critical for the car makers and has
contributed significantly to the improving safety of cars.
• According to the New Car Assessment Program (NCAP) of National Highway
Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) cars made for model year 1997 and
after must pass both the tests frontal crash testing and side impact crash
testing.

4. How car crash test works
• Car to barrier impact

5. • Car to car impact

6. Role of dummies
• Crash test dummies are the key as they are used as replica for man in a crash test.
Dummies are made of materials that imitate human physiology.
• Dummy specifications -
- weighing 78 kg (172 lbs)
- standing at 69 inches (5 ft. 9 inches or 1.75 m)
• The dummy's job is to simulate a human being during a crash.
• Dummy collect data that would not be possible to collect from a human occupant.

8. Dummies instrumentations
Accelerometers: - Measure the acceleration in a particular direction to determine the
probability of injury. Inside the dummy's head, there is an accelerometer that
measures the acceleration in all three directions (fore-aft, up-down, left-right).
• Load Sensors: - Inside the dummy are load sensors that measure the amount of
force on different body parts during a crash. The maximum load in the bone can be
used to determine the probability of it breaking.
Accelerometer
Load Sensor

9. Movement Sensors: - used in the dummy's chest to measure how much the chest and
head deflects during a crash.
Before the crash-test dummies are placed in the vehicle, researchers apply different
colors of paint to the parts of the dummies' bodies most likely to hit during a crash.
The paint marks in the car will indicate what part of the body hit what part of the
vehicle inside the cabin.
Movement Sensor

10. Aspects of the crash testing
• A crash laboratory with an advanced high-tech crash barrier.
• An outdoor test track that accommodates research for different weather conditions
• Highly advanced crash simulator
• Lighting system which can provide up to 750,000 watts of illumination without glare
to film tests in slow motion.
• Equipment for advanced component testing.
• A supercomputer that crash tests non-existing cars.
• A system that propels vehicles to impact, accelerating fullsize pickups up to 50 mph.

11. Types of crash tests
• 1. Frontal Crash Test
• 2. Side Impact Test
• 3. Offset Crash Test

12. • Frontal Crash Testing –
• At 56 kmph (35mph) the car runs straight into a solid concrete barrier.
• The kinetic energy involved in the frontal crash test depends on the speed and
weight of the test vehicle.
• Full-width rigid-barrier tests produce high occupant compartment decelerations.
• About 15 high-speed cameras will document the action shooting about 1,000 frames
per second.

13. • Side Impact Test –
• In the side test a sled (of about 1,368-kg) with a deformable "bumper" runs into the
side of the test vehicle at around 31mph.
• Side impacts can be of two types: -
1. perpendicular impact
2.angled impact
• The protection of occupants in side impacts is more important as the space between
the car’s body and the occupant is much less than with the front and rear.

14. Offset Crash Test-
• In offset tests, only one side of a vehicle's front end hits the barrier.
• about 40% of the width of the front of the vehicle on the driver's side must manage
the crash energy.
• vehicle is travels at 64kph (40mph) and collides with a crushable aluminium barrier.

15. How safety system works in crash test
Seat belt
air bags
collapsible bumpers

16. Crash test ratings of the cars
RATING FOR FRONTAL IMPACT TESTS RATING FOR SIDE IMPACT TESTS

17. Indian scenario
• In India 1,40,000 people die on roads every year.
• close to 5 lakhs accidents every year.
• India’s one of the most popular cars from different manufacturer were tested by
Global NCAP and Institute of road traffic education (IRT).
• Till today only few of them got satisfactory rating in crash test.
• Even today no indigenous car has got top star rating in child safety.

18. Crash test report of TATA NEXON by global-NCAP
S
A
F
E
S
T
C
A
R

20. Crash testing centers
• Insurance Institute for Highway Safety (IIHS- U.S)
• Euro NCAP
• NCAJ (New Car Assessment Japan)
• ANCAP (Australian New Car Assessment Program)
• ARAI (Automotive Research Association of India)
• SIAM (Society of Indian Automobile Manufacturers)

21. Conclusion
• One of the prime reasons for the alarming increase in deaths due to accidents in
India is that crash testing of vehicles is not mandatory.
• The consumer has to change their approach and consider that car, which can avoid
injuries to him in a crash.
• Safety of the car should be more important then design, colour, looks.
• Crash testing leads to improvement of the safety systems.
• Crash testing plays a vital role in continuous improvement of the safety systems.
• in future, crash testing could suggest many more design changes, which could
further minimize the probability of injury during a crash.
• Thus crash testing make driving a more secure and reliable experience.

22. thank you
Q u e s t i o n s a r e w e l c o m e d