Water purification is the process of removing undesirable chemicals, biological contaminants, suspended solids, and gases from contaminated water. The goal of this process is to produce water fit for a specific purpose.

1. PURIFICATION OF WATER
Presented by,
Ms. A.R. Deborah (BP211501)
II M.Sc. Applied Microbiology
Department of Microbiology
Sacred Heart College (Autonomous)
Tirupattur, Tamil Nadu, India
Presented to,
Dr. P. Saranraj
Head
Department of Microbiology
Sacred Heart College (Autonomous)
Tirupattur, Tamil Nadu, India

2. WATER PURIFICATION
 Water purification is the removal of contaminants.
 The purification reduces the concentration of contaminants.
 Also, water purification meets the needs of medical, pharmacological,
chemical, and industrial applications for clean and potable water.
 Water purification takes place on scales from the Large (e.g., for an entire
city) to the Small (e.g., for individual households).

3. COMMON METHODS OF WATER
PURIFICATION
 Boiling
 Filtration
 Distillation
 Chlorination
 Ultraviolet Light
 Iodine solution, Tablets, or Crystals

4. Boiling
 Boiling water is the cheapest and safest method of water purification.
 In Boiling, clean water should be brought to a boil and left at a rolling boil
for 1- 3 minutes.
 For people living in high-altitude areas (Mountain and Hilly regions), it is
recommended to boil the water for longer than water boiled at lower
altitudes.
 Water drawn from wells, leave it for compounds to settle before you filter out
clean water for use.

5. Filtration
 Filtration is one of the effective ways of purifying water.
 To make water safe for drinking, the filtering method uses chemical and physical
processes.
 Filtration eliminates both large compounds and small, dangerous contaminants that cause diseases
with a simple and quick filtration process.
 Filtration is one of the effective water purification methods that utilize a chemical absorption
process.
 Filtration is an economic method of water purification.

6. Distillation
 Distillation is a water purification method that utilizes heat to collect pure water in the form of
Vapor.
 Distillation method is effective in removing or eliminating.
 Distillation is ideal for people who have access to raw, untreated water.
 Distillation method has both advantages and disadvantages.
 A notable disadvantage is that
 It is a slow process of water purification.
 It requires a heat source for the purification to work.
 Distillation remains a costly process of purifying water.
 It is only ideal (effective and least costly) when purifying small quantities of water.
 It is not ideal for large-scale, commercial, or industrial purification.

7. Chlorination
 Chlorine is a powerful chemical that has been in use for many years to treat water for home
consumption.
 Chlorine is an effective water purification method that kills germs.
 Water can be purified using chlorine tablets or liquid chlorine.
 Chlorine is cheap and effective.
 When using chlorine tablets, it is important to apply them in heated water, as they dissolve
well in water that is at 21 degree Celsius or higher.
 Chlorine tablets kill all bacteria leaving your water clean and safe.

8. Ultraviolet Light
 Use of UV light looks similar to a small flashlight.
 UV light was switched it around in the water for a few minutes and the
bacteria can be killed.
 UV light is very easy to carry and so easy to use.

9. Iodine solution, Tablets or Crystals
 Use of Iodine solution, Tablets, or Crystals is an effective and more convenient method.
 Iodine is also available in different forms that would suit within budget.
 Iodine has the ability to kill viruses and bacteria.
 Iodine is lightweight and easy to use.
 Iodine takes about 30 minutes before you can drink the treated water.
 Iodine is also not suitable for pregnant women.