Traditional Ecological Knowledge and Environmental Conservation

Traditional Ecological Knowledge Essay
Traditional Ecological Knowledge and the conservation of natural resources Nature as w e know it means different things to different people. To an
economist, natural is often seen as a resource to be transformed and put in readiness for human use. An alternative view is that humans are stewards
who should care for natural things as well as making use of nature's bounty. Another view is that nature of animism, which sees nature as a living thing,
something to be respected and not controlled. Some native American's view the earth as a sacred place could be called animist. Another alternative
view is that the entire planet earth is a self correcting system based on a symbiotic relationship between the earth and the living beings(Peacock,...show
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They do not believe that they kill the animal because of how skilled a hunter they were. In order to show their gratitude to the land, they make sure
that they do not misuse the meat that they derive from such animal. Who are the indigenous people? Emery and Associates defined indigenous people
as descent of populations that lived in a particular country or geographical regions to which the country belongs, at the time of colonization or
conquest and who irrespective of their legal status retain some or all of their own cultural, social and political institutions (Emery and Associates,
1997). While most literature on the traditional ecological knowledge focused on North American indigenous people, there are also indigenous societies
in Australia, South America, Asia and Africa, each with its own version of traditional ecological knowledge. What is traditional ecological knowledge?
Traditional ecological knowledge as defined by Fikret Berkes is the knowledge base acquired by indigenous and local peoples over thousands of years
through direct contact with the environment(Berkes, 1993). This knowledge includes the spiritual, physical, emotional, and mental aspects and related
components of the earth and universe. Traditional ecological knowledge is often passed from generations to generations through oral
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The preservation of the environment and conservation of energy are dynamic topics in the political world of today and actions to be taken are
discussed every day. It is time to advance beyond the ordinary gasoline engine automobile that has polluted our environment for several decades. The
recurring problem that hasn't been solved is the pollution from automobiles that harms the environment and uses fuel that won't be around some time in
the future. Neglect for the preservation of the environment has spread like an infection over the years, and automobiles are major players in the
pollution of the environment. A change is vital, and hybrid cars have begun to lead the way to that change, besting regular car in cost–effectiveness and
...show more content...
The environmental impacts from automobiles come in the dozens ranging from brake and tire debris to the toxicity of the lead acid batteries in cars.
These problems are also not to be taken lightly. For example, the debris from tires and braking raises the toxicity levels of nearby soils and leads to the
formation of black carbon. Both pollutants have been shown to cause lung toxicity and significant portions of particulate matter in urban areas. Painting
and coating cause discharges of harmful materials such as nickel, copper, and hexavalent chromium into the atmosphere. Batteries are a more critical
part of the automobile, and even though they can be recycled they account for the release of 42,000 tons of unwanted lead release into the environment.
The plethora of environmental problems from automobiles today is affecting the lifespan of our atmosphere and causing a downward spiral that is
exponentially increasing. With these problems, the transportation revolution is knocking on the door and as the guardians of our planet, humanity
needs to find a way to decrease pollution and that way has been opened with the hybrid car.
Hybrid cars are more beneficial to the environment than their traditional counterparts, but not all hybrid vehicles function the same way. To decrease
emissions all hybrid cars run on some form of electricity, whether it run on pure electricity or splits power with

Environmental conservation Essay example
An Environmental Conservationist, which is also known as a conservation scientist, is an excellent job for anyone who loves nature and wants to
preserve all of earth's natural wonders. As a conservationist you need to, "Find your own ways to make less trash, and help others to learn how to
reduce, reuse, and recycle." (EPA). The job is a hands–on job which means "spending a major portion of the workday outdoors without regard to
weather." (Easton 35) Though this doesn't seem like a scientific job to most people it is because it involves calculating the outcome of certain things on
the environment.
The purpose of this career is to protect the environment and the people and wildlife that live in it. The...show more content...
Environmental Conservation is labeled as a field that is hazardous, because as an Environmental conservationist, you are " working with infectious
materials, or where accidents are common." (Easton 35) To perform this job, you need a lot of initiative because you need to determine what needs to
be done and often it can be a life or death situation for people and/or animals.
It is easy to get burned out in this career, due to "enduring long–term stress and strain." (Easton 35) This is not a job people can have for a short time.
This a career that people commit their whole lives to.
Berry 3
People with degrees in this field can be employed by local, state or federal governments. It is also likely to be hired by an organization such as the
EPA( the
Environmental Protection Agency). Through 2010, "Growth will be strongest in state and local government thanks to efforts to protect the
environment. Growth will probably be less at the federal level, despite growing need in areas of soil and water conservation." (Easton 89–90)
It is estimated that "2,200 new jobs (will be established) between 2000–2010." (Easton 36) The federal government currently employs most of those in
his field. There are agencies set up and people are hired by these agencies which are branches of the federal

The Nature And Ecosystem Of The Ecosystem Essay
Humans seem to forget are bodies are made of organisms which make us the intellect organism in the ecosystem. Since we are the intellect
organism, this makes us responsible for the survival of nature and ecosystem. This generation has forgotten our ancestors once lived like all other
animals in the ecosystem. They would hunt for food and rely on the land for water, shelter and other basic needs. Nevertheless with time men have
evolved and slowly distance from nature. We seem to now think we no longer need nature or the ecosystem for survival. On the contrary we only
exist because of nature and ecosystem. Society needs to realize this and start working towards incorporating ways to include ecosystem into our daily
lives as an essential. One way we can start is by conserving this earth most valuable natural resource, water.
What is the one thing humans, plants and animals have in common? We all need water in order to survive. Water is essential for the growth of
greenery and it keeps all mammals bodies working properly. Mammals' bodies cannot survive without water for more than a few days. Water is in
blood which carries oxygen to all the tiny cells in the body. Without these cells the body will shut down. Water also helps the digestive system digest
the food we eat and the removal of waste through urine and bowel movements. Since water is vital to our existence, why is "more than one billion
people on Earth already lack access to fresh drinking water (Barlow

Animal Conservation Essay
Earth is home to a collection of wonderful flora and fauna. From the bold and beautiful macaw to the miniscule pygmy fruit bat, ever ecosystem hosts
a multitude of fantastic creatures and fauna. Unfortunately, approximately 16,306 species of plants and animals have been placed on the IUCN's red
list as endangered. It is estimated that every day 150–200 fauna and flora species become extinct. Our world cannot afford to lose so much of our
natural world, and I believe that it is our responsibility to conserve and protect our ecosystems and the inhabitants of those ecosystems. It is my
intention to major in the field of animal sciences with a concentration in biodiversity and conservation so I have the means to aide conservation.
Moreover, I hope that by receiving a higher education I can aide in the protection and relief efforts of these wonderful creatures. My intentions are to
attend classes that will equip me with the mandatory college and skills to protect and preserve the natural wonder of this earth.
My passion for nature was kindled through the wildlife exposer I received from the Great Smoky Mountains national park. The mountains have
always been an inspiration and I would love to work in a field in which I get to work the nature within them. Tennessee is home to some many
wonderful flora and fauna and it is a place when I truly feel at home. This national park is home to many spectacular and rare animals. Protecting and
researching these animals is a truly

The Conservation of the Environment
The conservation of the environment is essential for ecosystem functioning and protecting or managing natural plant and animal species. Many plant
species are unique because they are irreplaceable and thus need to be protected so that they can be enjoyed to observe in the future just as they are
enjoyed now. Conservation of biodiversity is needed due to population and economic growths causing habitat fragmentation, habitat loss, the
introduction of invasive species, pollution, soil erosion, unbalanced overexploitation and nutrient loss in soils. Many plant species occurring in the Jan
Marais Nature reserve are very vulnerable and very valuable as they are the only undisturbed natural plant species to still remain in the borders of
Stellenbosch, which includes the Boland Granite Fynbos and Swartland Shale Renosterveld. The benefits that result from conservation areas are
limitless and can include great economic, research, social and educational values. The establishment of conservation areas can benefit biodiversity and
conserve or protect vulnerable ecosystems. Conservation areas provide great economical values such as eco–tourism and can also provide employment.
Scientists can benefit from conservation areas as they can do research and conduct scientific experiments in natural environments which are not
disturbed. Conservation areas are also an important component in education as people can visit these parks to learn more about what conservation is,
what species are

The Importance Of Environmental Conservation
Numerous sensitization campaigns have been launched, all over the world, with the aim of promoting awareness of the rising cases of ecological
destruction. These campaigns have not only targeted human activities but also business operations. Shaw (22), highlights the major environmental
challenges faced in the modern world; most notoriously, water and air pollution, which he says, kills crops and vegetation, damages the ozone layer and
threatens people's lives and health. Businesses play a massive role in contributing towards ecological damage. According to Shaw (22), "businesses
damage the environment when they take natural resources from the earth and dispose of waste" (4). Most sensitization campaigns, however, argue on
environmental conservation from a human interest perspective. Shaw, for example, states that industrial chemicals harm animals and plants which
consequently causes poisoning and possible death to human beings (75). This article, therefore, aims at establishing that, apart from their interest to
human beings, plants and animal's rights should also be conserved for their own sole interest.
As argued by Torley, every animal and non–animal member of the ecosystem has its own share of rights that ensure it is protected against harm or
damage which, as Torley adds, are natural and not obsolete. A right is defined as the entitlement to possess, utilize or freely do something (Taylor 13).
According to Torley, most countries only recognize the moral rights of the

The Importance Of Conservation Biology
In areas of the world different species are becoming extinct at a rapid pace. This could be due to the environmental forces acting against them or
through acts such as hunting. The reason why conservation biology has a deadline is because the effects of rising populations and the destruction with
habitats as a result of the increase. If the event where extinction could occur is caught early enough then scientists would be able to perform
conservation biology; however, in many instances if the environmental forces such as pollution or warming climate continues then the species affected
would perish. This is the deadline for many species as scientists have been able to predict what might happen in the future and have until that time to
get the problem solved.
Although Conservation Biology is an important step in the scientific field which helps many different species around the world. The largest tension
this scientific field had was people were skeptical about the science behind this. People had the feeling that this form of science would pass quickly
because at the time it was a large idea but then some new science idea would come along and the Conservation Biology would dwindle away. The other
aspect was the world's viewpoints on the field. The United States groups and scientists attempted to look at the entire world's problems. This created
tension among other scientists around the world being accused of being "indifferent to the conservation traditions of other nations

It's common for people to be reluctant to admit their faults. However, their ignorance of their destruction of the world around them is astounding.
People need to open their eyes. The world around us is dying, and we all are going down with it. For too long, people have ignored their blatant
destruction of the world around them, refusing to acknowledge our mistakes as the Earth expires. Whether from deforestation, invasive species, or
climate change, there is one thing completely clear. The Earth is currently in the middle of a sixth mass extinction, and it's been caused by the human
race.
It's clear that a great extinction is coming from the evidence of the destruction of other species around us. The choices made by the human race have
too often negatively affected the species around them. Tracy Wilson, in an article for animal planet, states that "...frequent... headlines that warn of
species that are dying out, or becoming extinct" (Wilson). This shows how species have begun dying out, and are frequently becoming extinct. The
extinction of the species around us is a concerning factor, one that points towards the subject of mass extinction. According to the International Union
for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), "...22,413 species of plants and animals are threatened with extinction" (Gilman). There are multiple species dying
out, and it's happening at an alarming rate, to the point where it's clear we are in the middle of a sixth mass extinction.
It's also clear that the

Development refers to the sustained, concerted actions of policy makers and communities that promote the standard of living and economic health of
a specific area. 'Biodiversity is the term given to the variety of life on Earth. It is the variety within and between all species of plants, animals and
micro–organisms and the ecosystems within which they live and interact.' (WWF) In recent years there have been many concerns about the rate of
development in some developing countries, which is increasingly leading to a decline in the health of many ecosystems, their quality and geographical
extent which has essentially led to conflict. There are a number of strategies, which exist in order to conserve biodiversity and still allow development
which focus on protecting land areas as opposed to protecting individual species. A protected area (PA) are regions which are "set aside primarily
for nature and biodiversity conservation and are a major tool in managing species and ecosystems which provide a range of goods and services
essential to sustainable use of natural resources. " (UNEP, 2013), this includes the protection of fauna and also flora. The aim of PA's is to achieve
long term sustainable use of natural resources, ensuring that future generations can benefit from the same resources and environment that we have
experienced in our lifetime (UNEP 2013; IUCN 2008). In spite of the exertions of preservation groups to secure the populations of distinctive species,
they regularly

Disadvantages Of Conservation
The efforts of conservation can have many purposes and can bring help to area's that need help environmentally. They can also be organized by well
paid government organizations or local groups funded by the community that they live in. Some examples of government groups are National Park
Service, Natureserve, Bureau of land management, Ocean Conservancy, and Traffic along with many, many more. There might be a lot of
government but there are many many more local groups that are documented, undocumented or even help but don't put a name with their cause.Even
though both of these types of these conservation groups have the same goal and idea there is one big difference, and to be honest it's a pretty big
one. This difference in funding. Funding is also how big government groups help local efforts. A example of this is Nature Conversely Donating
money and lending help to local groups to protect of a 100 million acres of land around the world. Large scale things can also complement little efforts
by just helping around. All over the United States little and large groups work together to to clean the environment helpplant trees and don't cut them
down and stuff and also clean roads( adopt a highway foundation or whatever it's called ). This is an example of government conservation groups
helping locals because most likely without the help of government groups local efforts would probably not get off the floor and be able to anything.
This once again comes back to the big

Conservation vs. Preservation Essay
Conservation vs Preservation
SCI/275
03/09/14
Peter Kennedy
Dear Editor, I am writing to you today because of the Bridger Teton National Forest. I am reaching out to you and appealing to you as a
conservationist. I believe that this large area of land can be very useful because of the resources it can provide. It can provide gas and oil so this
way we don't have to be dependent on it from others around the world. We don't have to rely on foreign sources when it comes to this. There are
many concerns if we do start this process in the Forest. What I can tell you is that before anything will be done they will have to go through a process.
This means that they will need to evaluate and look at the risk...show more content...
That by conserving the forest and using it that it will only help better our community and help grow the community. I appreciate you taking the time to
read this. I hope that you will be able to help me out. Thank you so very much.
Sincerely,
Mia Fabro
Mia Fabro
Dear Editor,
My name is Mia Fabro. I wanted to write to you regarding the Bridger Teton National Forest located in Wyoming. This is one of the largest forest
around and it has really never been touched. I want to write to you and appeal to you as a preservationist. I believe that this forest has a lot of
potential. I do not believe in using this land for any resources. The beauty it brings should not be damaged. It should be left as is. People can sight
see and take pictures. This place is breathtaking. I know that many believe that the gas and oil it may provide can make a lot of changes in our
lives and make our country better. But, the harm it may cause when the land is polluted and as well as the air we breathe is not as great as the view
it gives us. Nature is beautiful and that is what I want to instill in people's mind. The main reason I want to reach out to you today is because I need
your help. I want you to write something amazing about Bridger Teton National Forest. I want people to see and know that this place should

Goals Of Wildlife Conservation
The main goals of wildlife conservation are to preserve and protect nature so that it will be around for future generations of both wildlife and humans to
enjoy. It is essentially the attempt to protect endangered animal and plant species and their natural habitats. In researching two different vertebrate
species in the United Kingdom, one that has benefitted from a population increase in recent years and one that has recently seen a decline in
population, the similarities and differences in the various challenges that they face can be investigated. The proposed solutions to improve the situation
for the declining species will then be discussed.
Species Recent History
The UK population of the greater horseshoe bat, Rhinolophus ferrumequinum, has significantly increased over the last twenty years (Bat Conservation
Trust, 2017). This recent success can be attributed to many factors such as the change in climate providing a more favourable environment for
populations to grow. The increased temperatures in the spring season result in pups being born earlier in the year and a greater abundance of
sustenance being available (Froidevaux et al, 2017). Females will mate from autumn until spring visiting various breeding territories in doing so. This
enables the females that rarely change colonies, to strengthen their colonies by choosing the best possible genetic material to pass to their offspring
(Rossiter et al, 2000).
In contrast to this the Gwyniad, Coregonus pennantii, a

Essay Arguments for Environmental Conservation
Response 3: Arguments for Environmental Conservation Since the beginning of civilization humanity has adopted a subjugating stance toward nature.
Ecological exploitation has become the de facto standard, contributing to the illusion of self–subsistence provided by modern society. This mindset is
untenable given humanities reliance on the natural world, as best demonstrated by the critical importance of various parts of the environment to
humanities continued existence. This includes the importance of biodiversity to medicinal advancement and climate adaptation, the role of insects in the
renewal of the biosphere, and the importance of the environment for humanities psychological health. A huge number of modern medicines are derived
...show more content...
(31) In addition, biodiversity will be crucial for humanities continued survival in the case of climate change or widespread crop failures. The majority
of people on earth are reliant on four crops for subsistence; wheat, rice, corn, and millet. (11) These crops are threatened by climate change and the
spread of disease facilitated by modern transportation. If humanity is to survive such an eventuality it must be ready to draw upon the earth's
biodiversity for replacements. And while there are approximately 50 thousand plant species that could offer alternatives, this bank of resources is
quickly thinning as various ecosystems are being destroyed. (11) Other services nature provides are more easily taken for granted. We depend on plant
life to replenish the oxygen in the atmosphere, and on insects to replace nutrients in the soil. (31) These insects are especially vital, as they are part of
the foundation of nearly all ecosystems. Without insects, plant species that rely on them for pollination would quickly become extinct, including
many of the species we rely on for food. Following them would be species that feed on insects, as well as species which rely on vegetation as part of
their habitats. Finally, as insects make the prime contribution to soil renewal, even non–insect pollinated plant life would begin to decline. (34) The
result, according to Wilson, would

The Negative Impacts Of Wildlife Conservation
Nature provides people with everything they need to survive, but humans have a negative impact on nature which affects both humans and animals.
Wildlife conservation is very important because if humans allow plant and animal species to go extinct at the rate they are now, many species will be
lost and life on earth would fall apart. Conserving species helps maintain biodiversity which helps slow down extinction rates. Animals that have
diverse genetics allow them to evolve and adapt to changing environments (Paterson). Nature is not here just for us, so humans should help to preserve
it or at least decrease extinction rates. Every organism has a role in an ecosystem and all of them are important to maintain balance (Marshall).
Indicator species might forewarn human health as well because if there is something in an environment, like a toxin or a hazardous substance, it can
also be harmful to humans (Chevalier). Indicator species can show us how an ecosystem is doing and if it is healthy or not (Paterson). Saving one
species from extinction can solve other environmental problems. A good example is, wolf populations going down would cause reindeer populations
to skyrocket, causing there to be less vegetation for the reindeer and other animals. The lack of food would cause high death rates until wolf
populations increased (Stubblefield). Losing too many species can have a huge affect on humans because humans rely on nature for survival (Paterson).
Biodiversity is important

HOW NEOLIBERALISATION FLOURISHES IN NATURE CONSERVATION AND ITS IMPACTS ON LOCAL COMMUNITIES.
Neoliberalism has had its footprints marked in the sands of history. It has had it limits and it has had its advantages but all those depends on who is
the subject we look at. Neoliberalism can be defined in a lot of different ways by scholars but the general definition of neoliberalism is the political term
used for the theory whereby the economy is open to investors, and the free market is given priority. Neoliberalism has its key players as the state, the
market and the civil society. These three key actors in neoliberalism can define the term in different ways as the effects and impacts of neoliberalism
play differently for each party.
In Tanzania, the neoliberalization of the economy started in the mid–1980s with the privatization of parastatal organizations, the deregulation and the
opening up of trade and banking, foreign exchange deregulation, and tax reform (Benjaminsen et al., 2013). The neoliberal processes have a long term
history of heavily impacting negatively on citizens and the environment. The economy of Tanzania is mostly fromwildlife tourism and game hunting.
The neoliberal acts in these context comes to play when the land sustaining the wildlife is situated among villages where citizens live. Impacts of the
conservation of the land arises for these villagers and the environment. In this essay we will discuss how the neoliberal practices in Tanzania over

Reflection Paper On Nature
Nature is a multitude of things due to its essence as an abstract idea. At one point nature can encompass the world, life, and everything in–between.
While at the next moment, it can transform into a qualitative description of inherent features, humans and their activities. While it holds an aura of
mystery, Nature can simultaneously be likened to concrete ideas and things. Throughout history, nature has taken on different forms and meanings
depending on which period is studied. My view of nature closely resembles that of the current era. I believe nature is an environment devoid of human
intervention or corruption, yet a place that remains an integral spirit of humanities' interaction with the world around them. This is due to the...show
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Life and death are delicate strings that weave through our daily lives. Like a balance tipping the scales of the cosmos, nature's life provides
enrichment for future generations and civilizations. Diverse species of plants and animals scour the Earth, each one of them strikingly different to the
very fiber of their DNA. Nature is life in its rudimentary form. From the primitive life of plankton to the intricate behaviors displayed by primates,
nature's life is present everywhere. I share the current era's view that humanities' existence is equal in importance to the most insignificant member of
an ecosystem. The continuation of life is bound by species' interdependence for nature's resources. Without harmonious cohabitation, nature's life would
cease to progress. Even as the last plumes of smoke die down in the burnt forest, buds and vegetation begin to sprout and flourish, giving life to the
dependents of its ecosystem. Images of greenery, saplings, and offspring cross my mind when nature is mentioned. In recent years, nature has
developed colloquial meanings as a living entity. Phrases like, "save mother nature" or "nature is dying" are usually used to describe the state of the
ecosystem we live and share. Nature is a mother, nursing her young back to health.
Due to recent achievements in human development, the current era views intelligence as an endearing

Traditional Ecological Knowledge and Environmental Conservation

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